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2023

Russian Neighbor Deals Blow to Putin With Western Pivot by Isabel van Brugen for Newsweek, 19 March 2024. Accessed 19 March 2024.

British Ministry of Defence: Moscow’s strategic key weapon destroyed In its daily update, the British Ministry of Defence stated that Russia has presumably lost at least four mobile launchers for ground-based long-range air defense missiles (SAM) in attacks by Ukraine. By Olivia Brown for Z-Live Network, 2 Nov 2023. Accessed 2 Nov 2023.

Ukraine rejoices: Russia withdraws. After the attack with ATACMS cluster munitions on air bases in the Russian-occupied areas of Berdyansk and Luhansk in mid-October, both Ukraine and British intelligence had speculated about significant damage to helicopters. It was suspected that this attack could lead Russia to withdraw troops from the front to protect them from further missile strikes. Related video: Ukraine reports broadest Russian shelling attack this year (France 24). By Olivia Brown for Z NEWS LIVE Int. , 2 Nov 2023. Accessed 2 Nov 2023.

Ukraine has taken 17,000 Russians off the battlefield without firing a shot, US Army special-ops general says by Stavros Atlamazoglou for Business Insider, 1 Nov 2023. Accessed 2 Nov 2023.

Ukraine: The Latest Podcast Judaism & Ukraine: the history & the role it plays in this war. David Knowles (Host), Professor Michael David-Fox, Dr. Diana Dumitru, Maria Snegovaya and Jonathan Lincoln. The Telegraph, 31 Oct 2023, (audio). Accessed 2 Nov 2023.

Ukraine: The Latest Podcast Putinism, memory politics, and the future of Russia. In the first part of their discussion, they look at the politics of modern Russia, Vladimir Putin’s influence on it and how it may change in the future. David Knowles (Host), Professor Michael David-Fox, Dr. Diana Dumitru, Maria Snegovaya and Jonathan Lincoln. The Telegraph, 29 Oct 2023, (audio). Accessed 2 Nov 2023.

Ukraine’s leader says Russian naval assets are no longer safe in the Black Sea near Crimea Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelenskyy claims that recent Ukrainian attacks have denied the Russian fleet safe bases and secure maritime corridors in the western part of the Black Sea by Hanna Arhirova for Independent, 24 Oct 2023. Accessed 25 Oct 2023.

Putin’s many ‘heart attacks’ and why the rumours may be in his favour. The Kremlin have been forced to deny the recent speculation that the ageing tyrant had suffered a cardiac arrest and collapsed in his bedroom by Holly Evans for Independent, 24 Oct 2023, (video). Accessed 25 Oct 2023.

Concerns grow as Kim Jong Un pledges support for Putin’s war in Ukraine PBS, 13 Sept 2023. Accessed 25 Oct 2023.

US has little leverage against Russia-North Korea cooperation, experts say: Washington could impose more sanctions, but analysts say penalties are unlikely to halt Moscow-Pyongyang alliance by Ali Harb for Aljazeera, 13 Sep 2023. Accessed 25 Oct 2023.

‘50,000 Russian soldiers face being encircled’ at Bakhmut | Maj. Gen. Chip Chapman Arrests and firings of senior figures in Russia’s military could have an ‘accelerating disunity’ among Russia’s troops in Ukraine says Major General Chip Chapman on Times Radio, 25 July 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2su_Td4lLs(video). Accessed 26 July 2023.

Military reshuffle: Putin’s failure on the battlefield will finally bring him down | Mark Galeotti Putin’s planning a reshuffle at the upper echelons of the Russian military, but the switch up could pose further problems for the president down the road, explains Mark Galeotti on Tims Radion, 24 July 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPdcIzNJ0xM (video). Accessed 26 July 2023.

Putin ‘desperate’ as Russia struggles on Black Sea strategy | Frontline “I think Russia, under the current regime, is capable of almost anything. They’re quite desperate…You could actually reflag ships and dare Russia to attack them or detain them.”
A ‘desperate’ Russia would struggle to enforce a Black Sea blockade, Rear Admiral Dr Chris Parry tells Frontline on Times Radio, 22 July 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TcDqd_eSpvc(video). Accessed 24 July 2023.

Five More Questions for Stephen Kotkin: Prigozhin Mutiny Edition | Stephen Kotkin is the Kleinheinz Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution and one of the foremost experts on Russia, past and present. Given the momentous series of events in that country over the past few weeks, we recruited Professor Kotkin to sit for another installment (this time in front of a live audience at Hoover) of our occasional Five Questions for Stephen Kotkin series. In this installment, Kotkin discusses the recent mutiny attempt by Wagner military group head Yevgeny Prigozhin, Putin’s perhaps tenuous future, how the Ukrainian offensive might play out, and the future of the NATO alliance. Uncommon Knowledge, 11 July 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M5z5HUS4tmM(video). Accessed 24 July 2023.

Stephen Kotkin & Orville Schell: What Drives Putin and Xi (Part One) | The Foreign Affairs Interview , 30 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfoUsoy2fAc (video). Accessed 30 June 2023.
Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin loom over geopolitics in a way that few leaders have in decades. Not even Mao and Stalin drove global events the way Xi and Putin do today. Who they are, how they view the world, and what they want are some of the most important and pressing questions in foreign policy and international affairs.
Stephen Kotkin and Orville Schell are two of the best scholars to explore these issues. Kotkin is the author of seminal scholarship on Russia, the Soviet Union, and global history, including an acclaimed three-volume biography of Stalin. He is a senior fellow at Stanford University’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and the Kleinheinz Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution. Schell is the Arthur Ross Director of the Center on U.S.-China Relations at the Asia Society. He is the author of 15 books, ten of them about China. He is also a former professor and dean at the University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism.
In part one of our conversation, we discuss the early lives of Putin and Xi and how history has shaped their worldviews.

Stephen Kotkin & Orville Schell: What Drives Putin and Xi (Part Two) | The Foreign Affairs Interview , July 2023, (video). Accessed 14 July 2023.
In part two of our conversation, which we taped on June 16, we discussed how the leaders of China and Russia see the West and how that worldview is reshaping geopolitics.

How Does the War in Ukraine End? | A Discussion with Fiona Hill, Samuel Charap & Andriy Zagorodnyuk Foreign Affaiers, 17 July 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BiOnCChtOtM (video). Accessed 24 July 2023.
Almost since the moment Russia launched its war in Ukraine in February 2022, the world has wondered: How does this end? For the first few weeks, it appeared that Russia might succeed with its initial war aims and take Kyiv and install a government friendly to Moscow. Such a scenario is now off the table, thanks to Russian President Vladimir Putin’s faulty assumptions, the courage of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky and the Ukrainian people, and the Russian military’s unimpressive performance on the battlefield. But as Ukraine continues its counteroffensive, it remains unclear how the fighting will stop and when each country’s leader will be willing to negotiate.
Foreign Affairs Editor Daniel Kurtz-Phelan and authors Samuel Charap, Fiona Hill, and Andriy Zagorodnyuk mark the launch of the July/August issue with a discussion of possible endgames in Ukraine. This conversation originally aired on July 17, 2023.

Military purges: What Putin learned from Stalin’s playbook | Anna Reid Times Radio, 19 July 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4FVwlg_zuY(video). Accessed 24 July 2023.
First as tragedy. Putin is executing a strategy reminiscent of Stalin’s era, purging perceived threats and dissenters rather than demoting or firing them. There is an emphasis on a deepening autocracy and a rise in state propaganda.
The speaker notes that Putin views himself as a strong leader who will restore Russia’s place in the world. Beyond the military, the Russian civil society has also seen a steady increase in restrictions and suppression. Websites are being blocked, arrests are more frequent, and harsh sentences are being given to dissidents.

Ukrainian Nato membership will end Putin’s genocidal war | General Sir Richard Sherriff “Does this make it easier for Ukraine to regain territory, to evict the Russians and to force Russian surrender? The answer is yes. Does it make it more difficult for Russians? Absolutely, yes.” General Sir Richard Sherriff says Nato need to ‘take the gloves off as far as the provision of weapons and ammunition’ on
Times Radio, 11 July 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsPdlBn0Mco (video). Accessed 12 July 2023.

Wagner chief breaks his silence: Prigozhin releases 11-minute audio file since halting mutiny. Yevgheny Prigozhin has broken his silence. The Wagner boss has just released an 11-minute audio recording for the first time since Saturday’s failed coup. He says he didn’t want to overthrow Russia’s leadership, but instead wanted to hold those responsible for failures in Ukraine accountable. Officials in Russia are calling for unity two days after a failed coup attempt. Authorities desperate to showcase a sence of normality. In a video, President Vladimir Putin addressed a youth forum. And earlier today footage of the Russian defence minister was released, but the video has no sound and it’s unclear when it was shot. FRANCE 24’s International Affairs Commentator, Douglas Herbert, tells us more. France 24 English, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsOFPV_6n8o (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Former KGB officer says Putin’s grip on power ‘almost nonexistent.’ Former KGB officer Yuri Shvets joins CNN’s Jim Acosta to react to the crisis unfolding in Russia following the Wagner insurrection. CNN, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWoBvOTLRAI (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Putin’s ‘contradictions’ raise questions about Russia’s future | Mary Dejevsky. “Putin peppered that speech with all sorts of references to armed mutiny, treason, deceit, yet something like 10 hours later, this deal was brokered.”
Mary Dejevsky tells #TimesRadio that Putin’s actions has causes ‘uncertainty’ about Russia’s future.TimesRadio, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVaZ5XWbDU8 (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Putinism ‘will fall’ due to threats from ‘inside the Kremlin,’ not Prigozhin | Mark Galeotti “Ever since he returned to the presidency in 2012, we have seen a steady decline of the Putin system.”
Putin’s next leadership crisis will come from inside the Kremlin, not from another ‘outsider’ like Prigozhin, says Mark Galeotti. TimesRadio, 26 June 2023, (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Peter Hitchens’ Half Hour: “The West Should Be Careful What They Wish For” After Wagner Coup. Mail on Sunday columnist Peter Hitchens says the West “should be careful what they wish for” after the Wagner mutiny in Russia.
Speaking to TalkTV’s Kevin O’Sullivan, Peter recalls his time spent as a foreign correspondent in Moscow during the attempted coup against Mikhail Gorbachev in 1991. He adds: “There seems to be a belief that if Putin falls he’ll be replaced by Andy Pandy or Goldilocks… Whoever replaces him may be worse.”
Yevgeny Prigozhin, leader of the Wagner mercenary army, called off his assault on Moscow after an extraordinary 24 hours in which his forces seized one of Russia’s biggest cities and came within 120 miles of the capital.
Regular troops had set up defensive positions on the edge of the city, including a machine-gun post in the southwest, as President Putin faced the most serious challenge of his 23 years in power. Talk TV, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9hBltxJCWs (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Where is Russian President Vladimir Putin? – Russian President Vladimir Putin’s whereabouts remain unknown following the short-lived rebellion from the Wagner mercenary group.
There has been speculation that the Russian leader fled Moscow during the crisis after his presidential jets were tracked leaving the city.
The US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said the events show the cracks in Mr Putin’s authority.
Yevgeny Prigozhin, the head of the Wagner mercenary group, has left Russia for Belarus after abandoning his advance on Moscow. BBC News, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2w_pbsROM-Y (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Russia defector reveals ‘majority’ of people inside Kremlin unhappy with war in Ukraine | A former Russian diplomat who defected from his post at the United Nations in 2022 says Vladimir Putin’s inner circle is shrinking and most people inside the Kremlin do not support the war against Ukraine.
Boris Bondarev was the first Russian diplomat to resign over Mr Putin’s invasion of Ukraine.
He condemned the war as aggressive and labelled Russia a fascist state.
The former diplomat told 7.30 Mr Putin’s grip on power had been significantly damaged by the aborted uprising at the weekend, conducted by mercenary leader Yevgeny Prigozhin. 7.30 ABC News In-depth, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmeZRN6YrN0 (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

“Putin Thinks He Is On A Mission From God!” Former Australian Prime Minister On Wagner Group Coup Former Australian PM Tony Abbott tells TalkTV’s Julia Hartley-Brewer that Putin’s “aura of invincibility” has been shaken by the Wagner coup.
“Cornered dictators are more dangerous than ever. What the West has got to do is redouble its support for Ukraine. This man thinks he is on a mission from God to reunite greater Russia..” Talk TV. 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVjyRKTzhLA (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Wagner developments show ‘weakness’ of Russian regime, NATO chief says The developments in Russia over the weekend show the “weakness” and “fragility” of the Russian regime, NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said. CNN, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3M2Cqv9tcD0 (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Putin’s Diminishing Grip on Power | General Breedlove analysis. Frontline, The March on Moscow Explained. A long interview with General Philip Breedlove, a highly decorated four-star general who served with the U.S. military. The interview discusses events in Russia, where the head of the Wagner mercenary group took over the city of Rostov-on-Don and launched a march on Moscow. General Breedlove provides insights into the situation and explains the new power structure of Russia. TimesRadio, 25 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68bD8MHnJFk (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

David Ignatius: Putin can’t freeze the burning truth of his Ukraine disaster The short-lived armed rebellion in Russia has exposed deep weaknesses inside the Kremlin and undermined Russian President Vladimir Putin’s 23-year rule like never before. Richard Haass and David Ignatius discuss. MSNBC, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_OpKi8Cfvw (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Putin is leading Russia down a ‘suicidal path’. Former NATO first Alliance representative John Lough says Prigozhin’s mutiny shows the ‘deep irreparable cracks’ in Putin’s leadership. TimesRadio, 25 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oa63e5zq774 (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Ukraine War: Prigozhin will not be a threat to Ukraine in Belarus, says ambassador Suggestions have been raised that Yevgeny Prigozhin’s move to Belarus – the close ally of Russia -could have been orchestrated by the Kremlin to put the mercenary fighters in a position to launch an attack on Kyiv.
Ukrainian ambassador Vadym Prystaiko told Sky News: “I do not believe that the forces which Prigozhin is bringing with him to Belarus will threaten our flanks because we were keeping forces strong enough there just for the Russian forces.” SkyNews, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oW6ghrc5VpI(video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Putin issues first statement since mutiny – and mentions nothing about it. In a video uploaded to the Kremlin website, the Russian president failed to mention the assault in the message and instead congratulated the participants of an industrial forum. SkyNews, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHbM-UisnKA (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Russia Rebellion: What happens next to Shoigu and Prigozhin? After an attempted coup, accusations of treason and the leader of the Wagner Group banished to Belarus, Russia is still reeling from a weekend of turmoil.
“Has he gone to Belarus already? What will he be doing in Belarus? Is he in disgrace, in exile?” asked Moscow correspondent Diana Magnay during an on-air discussion with Kay Burley. Sky News, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3eGZvp7LAQ (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Russia Rebellion: Putin to strengthen Moscow’s defence by ‘taking some forces away from Ukraine.’ A sudden uprising in Russia was over too fast to have any immediate impact on the war in Ukraine, but it exposed a fragility in Moscow that Kyiv will seek to exploit, experts have said. Retired Air Vice-Marshal Sean Bell has told Sky News that in the long run, Vladimir Putin will likely strengthen the defences of Moscow by “potentially taking some forces away from Ukraine reserves.” Sky News, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0U-PZ9AEmXI (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Ukraine Responds To Russia’s Failed Surprise Coup. Ukraine has launched a significant counteroffensive in the wake of the attempted rebellion in Russia by the Wagner group. Ukrainian ambassador Vasyl Myroshnychenko joins us. The Project., 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93-PO7sfmWo (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Blinken: Russia mutiny is Putin’s ‘latest failure’ in Ukraine war. The mutiny by Russia’s Wagner Group threatens Russian President Vladimir Putin’s political standing in his country and the world. Secretary of State Antony Blinken discusses the implications of Yevgeny Prigozhin’s actions on the Russian government and the war in Ukraine. NBC News, 25 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=luiadqOPYc8 (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Russian coup: Prigozhin is a ‘monster’ of Putin’s making | Bill Browder. “Putin tried to kill Prigozhin yesterday and in doing so and he has unleashed the Frankenstein monster he created.” Russia is deciding which side to take to avoid losing their lives says Author of Red Notice: How I became Putin’s Number One Enemy Bill Browder. Times Radio, 24 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9089KcyfzZQ (video). Accessed 24 June 2023.

Ex-CIA Agent Breaks Down Why Putin is in Trouble Putin’s troubles are mounting at breakneck speed, and what comes next might break the Russian dictator. Today we will explore an Ex-CIA agent’s predictions for what will happen in Ukraine and see if Putin is genuinely doomed. The Infographics Show, 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWjwywYC5fo (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Russia latest: Wagner leader Prigozhin speaks for first time following mutiny. Wagner Group leader Yevgeny Prigozhin has just posted an 11-minute audio message, speaking for the first time since the weekend’s aborted Wagner Group rebellion.
In the message, he says his men headed to Moscow to “hold to account” leaders he blamed for “mistakes” in the Ukraine war.
He denied his “march for justice” was aimed at toppling Russian President Vladimir Putin. BBC News , 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6XhCiCzZkA(video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

‘Fishy’: Former DNI on Prigozhin deal with Russia. Former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper tells CNN’s Jim Sciutto why he thinks there are unanswered questions involving the deal between Wagner leader Yevgeny Prigozhin and Russian President Vladimir Putin. CNN, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLLZ-nb_9qk (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Bolton: Don’t underestimate Putin turning insurrection to his advantageFormer National Security Adviser John Bolton reacts to the assumption that Vladimir Putin’s power is fading after the Wagner group’s armed rebellion led by Yevgeny Prigozhin. CNN, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1FRnNLFzs8 (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Wagner Group leader strikes deal with Putin After a whirlwind 48 hours in Russia, analysts are still monitoring the fallout from Wagner founder Yevgeny Prigozhin’s open rebellion against the Russian government. GMA , 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2zc23d60AA (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Prigozhin’s attempted coup could have been a plot to ’distract’ from Russian reshuffles | Yuriy Sak “Russia is resorting to some weird tactics internally, either to distract attention or to conduct some reshuffles.” Ukraine ‘isn’t focused’ on internal cracks within Russia, says Yuriy Sak, defence advisor to President Zelensky. Times Radio, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMB79HncDlY (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Wagner mutiny: Russian rouble at weakest point since March 2022 |The head of the Wagner mercenary group Yevgeny Prigozhin called off his armed mutiny over the weekend, defusing Russia’s biggest political crisis in decades. FRANCE 24’s former Moscow correspondent Elena Volochine and foreign affairs commentator Douglas Herbert tells us more about where things stand at the Kremlin today. FRANCE 24 English, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USL0kQfxB1g (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Putin’s ‘Number One Enemy’ Says Wagner Coup “Is Single Worst Thing That’s Happened” To The Dictator Yevgeny Prigozhin, leader of the Wagner mercenary army, called off his assault on Moscow after an extraordinary 24 hours in which his forces seized one of Russia’s biggest cities and came within 120 miles of the capital.
Regular troops had set up defensive positions on the edge of the city, including a machine-gun post in the southwest, as President Putin faced the most serious challenge of his 23 years in power.
TalkTV’s Julia Hartley-Brewer is joined by Bill Browder, a man who was once the largest foreign investor in Russia, and came face-to-face with Putin on many occasions.
Ever since his lawyer was murdered on Putin’s instruction, he has made it his mission to oust him from power.
Bill Browder says Wagner mutiny “was a humiliation of unparalleled proportions” for Putin.
“It’s the single worst thing that’s happened to Putin since he came to power 23 years ago… His strength comes from perception.” TalkTV, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18qGU92_jis (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Putin’s ‘cowardly’ exit exposes Russian ‘weakness’ | Uliana Pavlova “It exposes some serious weakness of the Russian security services and their inability to suppress internal threats.” Journalist Uliana Pavlova says this is the beginning of ‘Putin’s power is weakening’ on TimesRadio, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbrfALcRWz0 (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Wagner mutiny: Russian rouble at weakest point since March 2022 • FRANCE 24 English The head of the Wagner mercenary group Yevgeny Prigozhin called off his armed mutiny over the weekend, defusing Russia’s biggest political crisis in decades. FRANCE 24’s former Moscow correspondent Elena Volochine and foreign affairs commentator Douglas Herbert tells us more about where things stand at the Kremlin today. FRANCE 24 English, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USL0kQfxB1g(video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

“How Much Control Does Putin Really Have?” Former Lt Gen On Wagner Group’s “Aborted Mutiny” Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has spoken to Western allies about the armed rebellion led by the Wagner group in Russia, before the growing crisis for Vladimir Putin appeared to be defused by the mercenaries halting their advance on Moscow. Former commander of the US army in Europe, Lt General Ben Hodges tells Julia Hartley-Brewer that Yevgeny Prigozhin’s “aborted mutiny” shows “the chaos and the hatred” within the Russian military. TalkTV, 26 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_ODAjfaz6w (video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Yevgeniy Prigozhin exiled to Belarus after threat of coup in Russia | LiveNOW from FOX , 25 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LO2pY4Ay2hk(video). Accessed 26 June 2023.

Wagner chief’s 24 hours of chaos in Russia , BBC News, 25 June 2023, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66006880. Accessed 26 June 2023.

World War III? West spooked as Russia’s deadly Tu-95 bombers fly over Northern EuropeThe fear of a bigger war between the West and Moscow is greater than ever before following continuous Ukrainian attacks inside Russian territory. Russia has reportedly not just unleashed its “bear” on the Ukrainians but is also performing ‘routine’ flights in neutral waters over northern Europe. According to a video released by the Russian defence ministry, two Tu-95M “bear” strategic missile carriers flew over the Barents Sea and the Norwegian Sea. Crews of MiG-31 interceptor jets even escorted the bombers for the five hours of the flight. Watch this report for more information. Hindustan Times, 6 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCXZDUNDdCY (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Stephen Kotkin: What Putin Got Wrong About Ukraine, Russia, and the West. We discuss why Russia’s capabilities too often fall short of its ambitions, why Putin underestimated the West (and why the West tends to underestimate itself), what China is learning from Russia’s experience, and what could happen next in Ukraine. Foreign Affairs Interview , 26 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTXEmz6nJGk (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Timothy Snyder: How Putin’s Lies Are Driving the War in Ukraine | We discuss what’s at stake in Ukraine, what a Ukrainian victory might look like, and why using the word “stalemate” to describe the war is misguided. Foreign Affairs Interview , 12 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qfnza5YmRrE (audeo). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Ukraine must be ‘cautious’ about attacking Russian territory in ‘crucial moment’ for the war. Former British ambassador to the US and former national security adviser Lord Darroch tells #TimesRadio. Ukraine should focus its efforts and ammunition on driving Russian occupation out rather than retaliating by striking Russian soil. TimesRadio, 6 June 2023,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhdp-9ne6FY (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

‘NATO has no choice’ but to end Putin’s war | Yuri Felshtinsky “NATO has no choice but to defend Ukraine…if they want to limit this war within the borders of Ukraine.” NATO must end Putin’s war in Ukraine or face nuclear war in Europe, says Yuri Felshtinsky, author of Blowing up Ukraine, the Return of Russian Terror. Frontline for Times Radio, 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82Zc34oTnB0 (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Ukraine war: Thousands of homes at risk after dam is blown upThe alleged attack on the Kakhovka dam in Russian-occupied Kherson was described as the “biggest man-made disaster in recent decades” by a Ukrainian official. Footage of social media shows water gushing into surrounding areas. The dam holds water equal to that in the Great Salt Lake in the US state of Utah and supplies water to Crimea and to the Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant, which is also under Russian control. Thousands of homes downstream from the dam are at risk of flooding. Live updates: https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-war-latest-russia-counteroffensive-wagner-bakhmut-putin-12541713 Sky News, 6 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwtrx8AdfEw (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Kherson dam destruction is a ‘Russian war crime’ | Claims by Russia that Ukraine is responsible for the destruction of a dam in Kherson is ‘propaganda,’ says Yuriy Sak, advisor to the Ukrainian Minister of Defence. Times Radio, 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIycygKqJtQ (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

The Siberia Job | Based on a True Story | Stephen Kotkin and John Kleinheinz | The Hoover Institution hosts The Siberia Job | A Book Event on Wednesday, June 7, 2022 at 5:00 pm PT in Hauck Auditorium.
Stephen Kotkin in conversation with John Kleinheinz to discuss the new book, The Siberia Job. Introduction by Condoleezza Rice. Hoover Institution, 9 June 2023, (video). Accessed 24 July 2023.

John Sweeney – “Instead of Denazification we Turned Ukraine into a Country the Whole World Knows.” “We conducted the Special Military Operation to de-nazify and demilitarise Ukraine, but instead of denazification we turned Ukraine into a country that the whole world knows about.” A new Greek or Roman civilisation. It’s an extraordinary interview, which we’ll be covering in more detail in this week’s review of the news in Silicon Bites. But in this episode, I’m speaking to an unorthodox journalist, who has created some of the most memorable and impassioned coverage of Russia’s war of aggression. Silicon Curtain, 24 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ElS2J4DHbXE (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Konstantin Samoilov – Putin’s War to Secure Russian Borders has Actually Stripped Russia of Security Russia has no borders. This was the expansive and imperialistic idea behind the Russian World philosophy. But Ukraine has turned the tables on this idea and shown that Russia’s vast border regions are undefended, and in some ways undefendable. From the ‘little blue men’ appearing in Belgorod, to the drone strikes deep in Russian territory, the theatrical explosion about the Kremlin roof, and the mysterious fires happening at strategic facilities all over Russia, it seems that Putin’s war to secure Russia’s borders has actually had the effect of stripping Russia of any safety and security. Silicon Curtain, June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71CgzWpxf4Y (video). Accessed 27 May 2023.

Graeme Robertson – “We came here in vulgarity and trampled over their territory looking for Nazis.”Prighozhin’s calculated outbursts, the incursion into Belgorod, the fall and then encirclement of Bakhmut by Ukraine… everything seems to be happening all at once. What is going on – and could this war be over much sooner than most military experts predict?
Here’s a quote from the latest video dropped by Prighozhin, and he says a lot in it that Ukrainians could actually concur with: “We came here in vulgarity and trampled all over their territory looking for Nazis. While we were searching for Nazis, we nailed anyone else we could find. We approached Kyiv, and then, as is said in Russian, shat ourselves and retreated. Came upon Kherson, shat ourselves and withdrew… We conducted the Special Military Operation to de-nazify and demilitarise Ukraine, but instead of denazification we turned Ukraine into a country that the whole world knows about.” Silicon Curtain, 26 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2cSPzyvd50 (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Keir Giles – Russia’s Hostile Intent – Why does Russia Behave like this? What does it achieve? You may not be interested in Russia. But Russia is interested in you writes Kier Giles in his book: Russia’s War on Everybody. Russia’s full-scale attack on Ukraine in 2022 is a challenge to the West also, and has prompted a range of responses, but also hesitancy, anxiety, and caution. From the expansion of NATO to military investment planning, supply of equipment and training of Ukraine troops, the Western alliance, as well as many other countries, are in this war, whether they fully acknowledge and embrace it, or not. But Russia has been waging a clandestine war against the West for decades. Hostile acts abroad, from poisoning dissidents to shooting down airliners, interfering in elections, spying, hacking, and murdering, have long been part and parcel of Kremlin foreign policy. But what is it all for? Why does Russia consistently behave like this? And what does it achieve? Silicon Curtain, 29 April 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbHLrH9Q_E4 (video). Accessed June 2023.

Putin is losing control of his ‘warlords’ | “Incoherence and hatred between the various leaders on the Russian side guarantees that they will not have a coherent defence.” Russia could be ‘cracked open’ if Putin cannot get control of his ‘warlords’ Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges tells Kate Gerbeau on Times Radio Frontline , 28 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcRKBMQkCIw (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Hear why Putin hasn’t punished Wagner chief for criticizing his army. Ret. Army Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt breaks down the relationship between Russian President Vladimir Putin and Wagner Group chief Yevgeny Prigozhin. CNN, 6 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBkr6Lo6DCw (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

“The Last War of the Russian Empire.” Exclusive interview with Garry Kasparov | World Today |Experts from Poland, Ukraine, and Lithuania joined Russian opposition activists to discuss the impact of the war in Ukraine on Central Europe. Our host Jan Darasz was on the ground and had the unique opportunity to talk to a person who knows a thing or two about strategy: Garry Kasparov, Chess Grandmaster and Chairman of the Renew Democracy Initiative. TVP World, 29 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV1T8xb1NQ8(video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Major Ukraine dam damaged; widespread flooding feared as war intensifies: Live updates by Kim Hjelmgaard and John Bacon, USA Today, 6 June 2023, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2023/06/06/ukraine-accuses-russia-of-destroying-dam/70291931007/. Accessed 6 June 2023.

Z Generation: Into the heart of Russia’s fascist youth. As the war in Ukraine shows no signs of coming to an end, Vladimir Putin is betting on a new generation of Russians to march in step with the regime. Russia’s Youth Army now has more than a million members and – through TikTok dances and influencers – is indoctrinating children as young as six years old. TimesRadio, Guest: Dr Ian Garner, author of Z Generation: Into the Heart of Russia’s Fascist Youth hosted by Luke Jones. 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VFRxWDzgH0 (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Putin is ‘losing the faith of the Russian public’ as Ukraine’s counteroffensive looms | “Putin needs to be very careful about assumptions of his ability and capability.” Vladimir Putin is being ‘pushed into a corner’ as public mood begins to turn against him, says Lord Dannatt, former Chief of the General Staff. TimesRadio, 31 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9DSigSvwhg (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Vision of a future Russia … without Vladimir Putin | Ilya Ponomarev | Our host Jan Darasz had the unique opportunity to speak with Ilya Ponomarev of the Congress of People’s Deputies, a kind of parliament in exile. He spoke about his analysis of Russia’s current actions in Ukraine and his vision of a future Russia … without Vladimir Putin. TVP World , 31 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wuMgONHHfvg (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Ukraine has ‘advanced’ in the east, deputy defense minister says. Ukrainian troops are making advances on the eastern front around the city of Bakhmut, according to deputy Defense Minister Hanna Maliar. Ground troops were “carrying out offensive actions” and had “advanced in several directions” near the settlements of Orikhovo-Vasylivka, Paraskoviivka, Ivanivske and Klishchiivka, she said in a post on Telegram. CNN, 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SHWrJqPoenc (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Warning over increasing Russian propaganda over Ukraine offensive | “Anything that comes from the Kremlin should be taken with a pinch of salt.” Chris York, Head of News at Kyiv Post, discusses Russia’s unverified claims of an attack on Ukraine and the upcoming ‘summer offensive’ on TimesRadio, 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpX4oeQdi30 (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Wagner group boss: Ukrainians have made gains near Bakhmut. Volodymyr Zelensky has praised Ukrainian troops for advances claimed near the devastated city of Bakhmut. On the other hand, Russia says it repelled a large-scale attack. The contrasting claims come at a time as Pope Francis’s peace envoy arrived in Kyiv for two days of talks. WION, 6 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GV56_222sa0 (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Ukraine must be brought into Nato to ‘prevent war in Europe’ | “If you don’t bring these countries in, Putin takes that and runs with it. So, to prevent war in Europe, we have to bring Ukraine into Nato,” says former US representative for Ukraine Kurt Volker. Times Radio, 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63SNQU677J8 (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Inside Finland’s war preparations on Nato’s new frontline with Russia, Ukraine’s President Zelenskyy has said that every European country that borders Russia and wants to be safe must be a member of both the EU and Nato. One nation that now has what Ukraine wants is Finland, the most recent addition to the western alliance. The war in Ukraine, and Nato membership, has shifted the mindset in Finland which has an 800-mile border with Russia. The once neutral country is now fortifying its territory with miles and miles of barbed wire. Channel 4 News, 4 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCmAaPde-2o (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Top US general says Ukraine war has ‘greater meaning’ for the world. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Mark Milley tells CNN in an exclusive interview that while Ukraine is “very well prepared” for a counteroffensive against Russia, it is “too early to tell what outcomes are going to happen.” CNN, 5 June 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEwBA0MlpLQ (video). Accessed 6 June 2023.

Putin is losing control of his ‘warlords’ says Lt. General Ben Hodges “Incoherence and hatred between the various leaders on the Russian side guarantees that they will not have a coherent defence.”
Russia could be ‘cracked open’ if Putin cannot get control of his ‘warlords’ Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges tells Kate Gerbeau on TimesRadio Frontline, 28 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcRKBMQkCIw (video). Accessed 30 May 2023.

A total of 106 Ukrainian prisoners of war have been released in another major exchange with Russia. The eight officers and 98 soldiers released fought in the battle for Bakhmut. The bodies of two foreigners and a Ukrainian were also returned to Ukraine. (May 26) Associated Press, 26 May 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TKtWpVb0mYA (video). Accessed 26 May 2023.

Russia’s war in Ukraine By Kathleen Magramo, Christian Edwards, Aditi Sangal and Adrienne Vogt, CNN, 12 May 2023, https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-05-12-23/index.html (video). Accessed 12 May 2023.

Ukraine attacks Russia’s Black Sea fleet | Ukraine: The Latest | Podcast Today, we analyse Ukraine’s sea-drone attacks on Russia’s Black Sea fleet in Sevastopol, discuss reports that Ukrainian troop have crossed the river in Kherson region, and ask why the Kremlin has cancelled nationwide Second World War remembrance marches. The Telegraph , 25 Apr 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTgvL5eNBUA (podcast). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

River battles in Kherson, Russia threatens another winter gas crisis | Ukraine: The Latest | Podcast In today’s bumper episode, we discuss foreign volunteers and the river war being fought near Kherson and analyse the state of Europe’s gas reserves as Moscow threatens another winter crisis. Plus, we catch up with our Defence Editor Danielle Sheridan, who’s marking one year since she reported from the front lines and adopted a stray Ukrainian dog, Andrivka.The Telegraph , 23 Apr 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KtasGf1z_do (podcast). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

Ukraine War: NATO allies ‘agree Ukraine will become member’ Retired Vice Air Marshall Sean Bell assesses the significance of NATO allies “‘agreeing Ukraine will become a member’. Sky News, 21 Apr 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjIaeJH57-Q (video). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

Wagner vs Kremlin: Russia’s second battle in Bakhmut | Defence in Depth There are two battles happening right now in Bakhmut, the blasted Donbas city in east Ukraine.
The first battle has reduced the city to a ruin and seen the deaths of hundreds of soldiers each day.
The second is a power play from within the Kremlin – a power struggle that has manifested on the ground as Russian factions turn to infighting.
Different factions compete for dominance over Bakhmut and that Russian political gold dust – the favour of President Vladimir Putin. The Telegraph, 20 Apr 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mEp9GKXZIIE (video). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

Russia is ‘out of ideas’ to stop Ukraine’s counter-offensive, “Russia has sort of run out of ideas at the moment…and now has to prepare for a spring offensive from Ukraine.
Russia’s ‘abject failure’ in Bakhmut will put them on the back foot in a potential Ukraine offensive, says Retired Air Vice-Marshal Sean Bell” on Times Radio, 20 Apr 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3Hhr51f4CM (video). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

Putin’s Revenge, Part One | The inside story of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s conflict with the United States. FRONTLINE PBS, 8 Feb 2019,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2L8qINZD3Q (video). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

Putin’s Revenge, Part Two | The inside story of how Vladimir Putin came to see America as an enemy. FRONTLINE PBS, 8 Feb 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Q_uKCEj2Xk&t=14s (video). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

A Historian of the Future: Five More Questions for Stephen Kotkin on Uncommon Knowledge with Peter Robinson Hoover Institution, 10 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ww4ofe0v70 (video). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

The New Tsar: How Putin Became Russia’s Dictator | Foreign Correspondent He started as a low-level spy. He ended up President For Life. For two decades, former Moscow correspondent Eric Campbell has tracked Putin’s rise to power. When Russian President Boris Yeltsin appointed a little-known spy chief as his Prime Minister and successor in 1999, the rouble crashed. Nobody had heard of this former KGB agent and few believed he would make any mark.
Vladimir Putin would soon show Russians, and the world, what he was made of.
Within weeks of his appointment as Prime Minister, apartment blocks in Moscow and other cities began exploding, killing and wounding hundreds of civilians. The Kremlin blamed Chechen separatists and soon launched a brutal war against the tiny state. The war resulted in huge civilian casualties but it raised Putin’s profile at home. Months later, he was elected president.
Eric Campbell tracks Putin’s journey to the top, from his origins in an impoverished tenement in St Petersburg to his ruthless prosecution of the war against Chechnya to his relentless attacks on any political opposition at home.
Campbell closely chronicled Putin for over two decades as the leader set about muzzling the media, rigging elections and targeting his political opponents, at home and abroad. Now as the President-for-Life invades neighbouring Ukraine and threatens the world with the nuclear option, Campbell asks, how far will he go? This is an in-depth profile of a man who’s smashed the world order and dared the West to risk World War Three to stop him. ABC News In-Depth, 2 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAncC-f5uGQ (video). Accessed 26 Apr 2023.

‘Ukraine’s Army is the Best in the World Now’ – Australian General (Retd.) Mick Ryan Kyiv Post, 23 Mar 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6EzCiK64lVc (video). Accessed 29 Mar 2023.

James Heappey: ‘Putin has bitten off more than he can chew’ | Frontline with Lucy Fisher“We’re winning, The Ukrainians are going to win we’ve just got to stick with them. It’s only a matter of time until Ukraine win if the UK keeps supporting them, James Heappey Defence Minister tells #timesradio. Times Radio , 23 Mar 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L6hDfAIOScE (video). Accessed 29 Mar 2023.

A year of the Ukraine-Russia war, as it happened Channel 4 News, 23 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkAxWKMPxGM (video). Accessed 29 Mar 2023.

Genocide in Ukraine’s History | Serhii Plokhii, Borys Gudziak, Niall Ferguson Victor Pinchuk Foundation held in Davos (Switzerland) , 19 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjkUxyQJ_4g (video). Accessed 29 Mar 2023.

The Wagner Group explained | Start Here The Wagner Group and its leader Yevgeny Prigozhin provide guns for hire in a murky global operation with links to Putin and the Russian state. #AJStartHere with Sandra Gathmann explains who they are, what they do and why the war in Ukraine has shifted things. Al Jazeera English, 3 Mar 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=24mBVyLO4lA (video). Accessed 29 Mar 2023.

Ukraine Guerilla Warfare is a Nightmare for Russia. There is one aspect to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine that has gone overlooked and that is the impact that Ukrainian partisans have had. These guerilla warriors or insurgents depending on how you view them have been actively harassing and hampering Russian forces since the start of the invasion. So let’s look inside how these networks function, how effective their operations have been since the start of the war a year ago up to today, and how the Russian Armed Forces have chosen to retaliate against the Partisans. Task & Purpose, 26 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFUoUfbm5Cg (video). Accessed 2 Mar 2023.

A year of the Ukraine-Russia war, as it happened. When Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24 2022, the world we lived in changed. Vladimir Putin’s ‘special military operation’ was met with fierce opposition from the Ukrainian people – many of whom resent Russia for their earlier annexation of Crimea in 2014.
Led by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who stayed in the bombarded capital Kyiv to defend his nation, Ukraine has retaken cities seized by Russia in recent months as they look to end the war. This is the story, month by month, of a past year of war in Ukraine. Channel 4, 24 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkAxWKMPxGM (video). Accessed Mar 2023.

Russia and Ukraine: One Year of War Vladimir Putin said it would be “three-day war”. But his invasion in Ukraine has not gone to plan. One year on, the atrocities continue, with either side refusing to back down. So much has been lost, for so little gain. 7 NEWS Austrlia, 23 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpC9dzlGkkA (video). Accessed 2 Mar 2023.

The Ukraine Debate with Edward Lucas, Konstantin Kisin, Peter Hitchens & Thomas Fazi. A year on from the Russian invasion, is ongoing Western involvement really the best way to end the war in Ukraine? Debating are Edward Lucas, Konstantin Kisin, Peter Hitchens, and Thomas Fazi. UnHerd Club, 23 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0orsI3rQ0Mw (video). Accessed 1 Mar 2023.

US declares Russia has committed crimes against humanity in Ukraineby Jasmine Wright. CNN, 18 Feb 2023, https://www.cnn.com/2023/02/18/politics/kamala-harris-russia-crimes-humanity-ukraine/index.html (text). Accessed 18 Feb 2023.

Explaining the Causes and Consequences of Putin’s Invasion of Ukraine with Mike McFaul.The Russian military invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Why is Ukraine strategically important to Russia and the West? What are the global implications of this attack? Join Stanford Professor Michael McFaul, who served as the U.S. Ambassador to the Russian Federation from 2012-2014, for an in-depth look at the invasion of Ukraine and the policy choices facing the United States, NATO, and their allies. Stanford Alumni, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wbzf0ix2G5I (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

The causes and consequences of the Ukraine war. Professor John J. Mearsheimer focuses on the origins of the war in Ukraine and some of its most important consequences. He will argue that the crisis is largely the result of the West’s efforts to turn Ukraine into a Western bulwark on Russia’s border. Russian leaders viewed that outcome as an existential threat that had to be thwarted. While Vladimir Putin is certainly responsible for invading Ukraine and for Russia’s conduct in the war, Prof. Mearsheimer states that he does not believe he is an expansionist bent on creating a greater Russia. Regarding the war’s consequences, the greatest danger is that the war will go on for months if not years, and that either NATO will get directly involved in the fighting or nuclear weapons will be used — or both. Furthermore, enormous damage has already been inflicted on Ukraine. A prolonged war is likely to wreak even more devastation on Ukraine. The Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qciVozNtCDM&t=467s (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s Speeches Official website of the Presidential Office of Ukraine, https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/speeches (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

‘Staggering’ number of Russian troops killed | General David Petraeus, Former Director of the CIA and Senior US Army Commander, described the Russian death toll as “staggering.” Times Radio, 16 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CryVKKlxIo (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

Reporter says Putin travels by armored train. Investigative reporter Ilya Rozhdestvensky shares what he’s learned about the armored train that the Dossier Center says Russian President Vladimir Putin is using instead of his private airplane. CNN, 16 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBUKfVR3fgU (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

Russia’s offensive could still come through Belarus, retired military general predictsMajor General Tim Cross is ‘sceptical’ about claims that 97% of Russia’s military is already in Ukraine. Times Radio, 16 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MzxgSHUZCKA (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

Russia suffers “almost First World War levels of attrition” Today, we get an expert assessment of the current state of the land war in Ukraine with our Associate Editor for Defence, Dom Nicholls. Plus, we interrogate the recent packages of support from Ukraine’s allies and what that means. And finally, we speak to Ukrainian-American Megan Buskey on discovering her grandmother’s story, from the mine’s of the Gulag to leaving the Soviet Union for the USA. The Telegraph, 15 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dR0RT2RKANg (video). Accessed 16 Feb 2023.

Russia ‘suffering unprecedented casualties’ & the role of Belarus | Ukraine: The Latest | Podcast | Today, we discuss reports of huge battlefield casualties being suffered on the frontlines, and cover a cluster of significant political updates, including the latest on fighter jets, the destabilisation of the Balkans, the impact of the Turkish earthquake, and the mystery of a Ukrainian reservoir being slowly emptied by Russian forces. Plus, we have part one of a two part interview with Dr David Marples, a professor at the University of Alberta, Canada, who delves deep into the history of Belarus. The Telegraph, 13 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2xvGVkGNvw (video). Accessed 15 Feb 2023.

Russia has lost ‘strategically, operationally and tactically,’ top US general saysA little less than a year since Moscow began its invasion of Ukraine, Russia has lost “strategically, operationally, and tactically,” Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Gen. Mark Milley said from Brussels. Milley and US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin are in Brussels for the ninth meeting of the Ukraine Defense Contact Group, to discuss ongoing support for Ukraine as it fights against Russia. CNN, 15 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MK9PzKrk_UQ (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

Ukraine Claims Russia Using Balloons To Distract Its Air Defence | Ukraine has accused Russia of turning to balloon power to support its invasion of the country, although with markedly different aims from China’s alleged intelligence-gathering operations. Moscow has begun launching aerial objects with the intention of tricking Ukraine’s air defences into firing surface-to-air missiles and exhausting valuable supplies, according to Kyiv. On Tuesday, suspected balloons that flew over Ukraine were detected in Romanian and Moldovan airspace, prompting Bucharest to scramble jets. CNN-News18, 15 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RPFDz9lZWLs (video). Accessed 15 Feb 2023.

Ukraine must fight like the West to beat ‘Soviet strategy’ | “It’s important I have a stock check of where we are and what we could do about it. Because the enemy is very clever. The enemy always looks at places that we’re not.” Defence secretary Ben Wallace tells #TimesRadio he’s working to “ramp up production” of ammunition to continue supplying Ukraine. He also pledges to share what intelligence he can about potentially mysterious objects in UK airspace. Times Radio, 15 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uAsymSPRIY (video). Accessed 15 Feb 2023.

Bill Browder: Putin Thinks He Can Outlast Us | Over the past two weeks, chaotic scenes of Russian tanks exploding and driving into minefields were recorded by Ukrainian military drones in Donetsk. Some Russian military bloggers have called it a fiasco, and it points to major failures in the Kremlin’s military tactics as it gears up for a spring offensive. Investor Bill Browder speaks with Walter Isaacson to discuss the effectiveness of the NATO allies’ sanctions on Russia and the pace of its assistance to Ukraine at this critical juncture. Amanpour and Company, 14 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLzsF90bWSY (video). Accessed 14 Feb 2023.

Far From His Goals on the Battlefield, Would Putin Turn to Assassinations? | Russian-born American journalist Julia Ioffe is the Washington correspondent for Puck, the media company of which she is co-founder. Ioffe joins Walter Isaacson to discuss her recent reporting on the Russian president. Amanpour and Company, 10 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSywhcBLyk0 (video). Accessed 15 Feb 2023.

How successful is Russia’s spring offensive? | For months, there had been speculation about Russia preparing a fresh offensive in eastern Ukraine. Now it seems like the renewed onslaught is already underway. As Ukraine faces intensified attacks, its allies are meeting again to coordinate further support for Kyiv. NATO members and other allies of Ukraine are gathered in Brussels for talks aimed at providing more weapons to the war-torn country. At the moment Ukraine is on the backfoot – on parts of the eastern front at least – with Russia claiming success around the city of Bakhmut. Although experts say a Russian victory in Bakhmut would not have a strategic impact on the war, Kyiv has fought tooth and nail to keep it. The battle for the city has become an example of why Ukraine needs newer, better weapons fast.
Tanks are among the weapons Kyiv campaigned for most heavily. On Tuesday, Norway pledged another eight, adding to dozens already pledged by the West. As the conflict approaches what may well become a critical phase of the war, those tanks are getting closer to making an appearance on the battlefield. DW’s Alexandra von Nahmen reports from Poland, where Ukrainians are training on the German-made Leopard 2. Ukrainian tank crews are in Poland undergoing training on German-made Leopard 2 tanks some three weeks after Germany greenlighted their re-export to Ukraine. Poland’s president and defense minister watched a training demonstration in the west of the country. DW News, 14 Feb 2023, youtube.com/watch?v=iFtZRXooh4s (video). Accessed 15 Feb 2023.

Russian forces are a complete mess but will they learn from their blunders? | Lord Alan West:“It’s extraordinary how poorly supported the Russian forces are. Their logistics were a complete mess there’s been corruption. They’d been buying bad equipment. They didn’t have spares. They didn’t have enough ammunition. They had equipment that wasn’t properly maintained.” Russia will be learning from their mistakes for their next offensive and Ukraine must be well prepared, Former First Sea, Lord Alan West on Frontline with Lucy Fisher. Times Radio, 14 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t5CtELyTzS4 (video). Accessed 17 Feb 2023.

Russia likely to launch new offensive before Western tanks arrive Russia will try to launch their new offensive before Ukraine’s tanks arrive, explains Catherine Philp, The Times’ diplomatic correspondent, and is joined by Iuliia Mendel, former press secretary to President Zelensky. Times Radio, 3 Feb 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qwD6KH3c6k (video). Accessed 3 Feb 2023.

‘Russia is losing this war horribly, I have seen it’ says US intelligence officer | Malcolm Nance “The Russians are collapsing. Their combat power is weakening. All they are doing now is mobilising men and throwing them to the slaughter.” Russia is horribly losing the war in Ukraine and have ‘no capacity to stop’ Ukraine’s Western weapons, says Malcolm Nance former US intelligence officer and Ukraine Foreign Legion fighter. Times Radio, 27 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OqNGPXggKTc (video). Accessed 27 Jan 2023.

Putin and the Presidents (full documentary) | FRONTLINE | Drawing on in-depth conversations with insiders from five U.S. presidential administrations, former U.S. intelligence leaders, diplomats, Russian politicians, authors and journalists, “Putin and the Presidents” reveals how the miscalculations and missteps of multiple American presidents over two decades paved the way for Putin’s attack on Ukraine — as seen through the eyes of people who were in the room.
The documentary traces how, prior to launching the war on Ukraine, Putin tested the waters by defying American presidents for 20 years — including by invading Georgia, seizing Crimea, and interfering in a U.S. presidential election. The documentary provides unique insight into the icy relationship between Putin and current U.S. President Joe Biden, both of whom were shaped by the Cold War, and into the evolution of Putin’s grievances with the U.S. and the West.
As Russia’s war on Ukraine continues, “Putin and the Presidents” gives essential context for this historic moment. PBS, 24 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJI8XTa_DII (video). Accessed 15 Feb 2023.

Putin ally says conflict with NATO, not Kyiv | By Federica Marsi and David Child, Aljazeera, 10 Jan 2023, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/1/10/russia-ukraine-live-fierce-fighting-ongoing-in-soledar. Accessed 10 Jan 2023.

Missile attack on village market kills two women; UK reportedly considering offering tanks to Kyiv | by Amanda Macias | Holly Ellyatt, CNBC, 10 Jan 2023, https://www.cnbc.com/2023/01/09/ukraine-war-live-updates-latest-news-on-russia-and-the-war-in-ukraine.html. Accessed 10 Jan 2023.

Putin orders 36-hour ceasefire in Ukraine for observance of Orthodox Christmas by Brad Dress, The Hill, 5 Jan 2023, https://thehill.com/policy/defense/3800473-putin-orders-36-hour-ceasefire-in-ukraine-for-observance-of-orthodox-christmas/. Accessed 10 Jan 2023.

The West must give Ukraine permission to attack Russia | General Breedlove “Mr. Putin is just desperate to try to change the narrative away from the problems of this this criminal enterprise that he’s launched upon Ukraine.” Putin’s ceasefire is likely a ploy to calm the rising voices of opposition in Russia and its allies, says General Breedlove. Times Radio, 5 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGSjN4qhjBI (video). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

Russian bloggers turn their backs on Putin. “The Russian military bloggers are saying the same things the Ukrainians are saying, that hundreds were killed. Not 63 which Russia first said.”
Russian bloggers are disagreeing with the Kremlin about death numbers, former special assistant to the President for Russia, William Courtney, tells Times Radio, 5 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9N7GrpWu9M (video). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

Will the ceasefire hold in Ukraine? Air Marshal Edward Stringer gives an update on the situation on the ground after Russia announces a ceasefire from tomorrow for Orthodox Christmas. Sky News>, 5 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ge2YZ8YSNjU (video). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

Russia-Ukraine updates: Ukraine slams Putin’s Christmas ceasefire. By David Child and Linah Alsaafin. Aljazeera 5 Jan 2023, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/1/5/russia-ukraine-live-nato-warns-against-underestimating-russia (video & blog). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

Russian troops ‘told they’re fighting Poland’ | Prof. Michael Clarke “A dissident general has been mocking the Kremlin for a long time about how incompetently they’re conducting this war.”
Many captured troops mobilised by Putin have been misled to believe they are defending Russia from Polish troops, Professor Michael Clarke tells TimesRadio, 4 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyCB_Yyh-zY (video). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

It will be the Final Ruzzian Attack in their History. The final battle for Kyiv, Denys Daydov, 4 Jan 2023, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmwFJqd4RGQ (video). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

My Next Guest with David Letterman and Volodymyr Zelenskyy | Full Episode. David Letterman travels to Kyiv, Ukraine, for an in-depth conversation with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in front of a small live audience. Netflix, 26 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=liooTXAF5Xo (video). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

Volodymyr Zelensky’s Critical Visit to Washington, D.C. The Ukrainian President’s trajectory is often cast as surprising, but what makes him compelling as a political leader is the former comic’s talent for exposing the crux of the matter. By Masha Gessen, The New Yorker, 22 Dec 2022, https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/volodymyr-zelenskys-critical-visit-to-washington-dc (text). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

Why Zelenskyy’s D.C. visit took months to coordinate. PBS News Hour, 22 Dec 2022, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/why-zelenskyys-d-c-visit-took-months-to-coordinate (text). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

5 takeaways from Volodymyr Zelensky’s historic visit to Washingtonby Kevin Liptak, CNN, 22 Dec 2022, https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/21/politics/takeaways-volodymyr-zelensky-visit-to-washington/index.html. Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

Why Zelensky’s surprise US visit is so hugely significant, Analysis by Stephen Collinson, CNN, 21 Dec 2022, https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/21/politics/us-visit-zelensky-analysis/index.html (video & text). Accessed 5 Jan 2023.

2022

Russia Invaded Ukraine, Official Website of Ukraine, 5 Dec 2022, https://war.ukraine.ua/. Accessed 5 Dec 2022.

 

News & Stories Ukraine war pictures

Defenders of Freedom Russia’s war crimes

Food Security For Media

Putin and Zelensky finally agree. Here’s why that’s a bad thing. In recent weeks, leaders in both Kyiv and Moscow have argued that the Minsk agreements are no longer worth the paper they’re printed on by Ted Snider. Responsible Statecraft, 5 Dec 2022, https://responsiblestatecraft.org/2022/12/05/putin-and-zelensky-finally-agree-heres-why-thats-a-bad-thing/. Accessed 5 Dec 2022.

New wave of missile attacks hits Ukraine; explosions reported at Russian air bases CNBC, 5 Dec 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/05/russia-ukraine-live-updates.html (video). Accessed 5 Dec 2022.

Vladimir Putin better informed now about Ukraine war, says US.Russian president not as insulated from bad news as earlier in campaign, claims intelligence chief by Peter Beaumont in Kyiv. The Guardian, 4 Dec 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/dec/04/vladimir-putin-better-informed-now-about-ukraine-war-says-us (video). Accessed 5 Dec 2022.

Russian forces shell Kherson as power fails • FRANCE 24 English Russian forces have continued to bombard the recently liberated Ukrainian city of Kherson with heavy shelling, while remaining residents are attempting to cope the best they can with a lack of power after Russian strikes knocked out the city’s electricity system, reports France 24’s chief foreign editor Rob Parsons. France 24 English, 2 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEGHuAgPcZI (video). Accessed 2 Dec 2022.

Putin’s Supremacy: Finland’s Sanna Marin admits, ‘Europe not strong to face Russia alone’. Finland PM Sanna Marin has admitted that Europe is not strong enough to face Russia alone. Her remarks came during an interaction with Sydney’s Lowy Institute Think Tank amid her Australia visit. “And I’ll be brutally honest with you, Europe isn’t strong enough. We would be in trouble without the United States,” she said. Watch this video to find out more. Hindustan Times, 2 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQg9Pa_XIQQ (video). Accessed 2 Dec 2022.

Ukraine set to ban churches ‘affiliated’ with Russia • The Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskiy has said the government will draw up a law banning churches affiliated with Russia, saying the move is necessary to prevent Moscow being able to “weaken Ukraine from within.” The National Security and Defence Council of Ukraine, which groups top security, military and political figures, told the government to draft the law following a series of raids on parishes that Kyiv says could be taking orders from Moscow. France 24 English, 2 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_I6bp5SCSc (video). Accessed 2 Dec 2022.

How likely are Russian infrastructure attacks to break Ukraine’s will? | Ukraine’s military says Russia has pulled some of its troops back from front lines near the southern city of Kherson. But Kyiv officials said Thursday that two civilians were killed by continued shelling of the area.
They also warned that a Russian aerial assault is being planned, which could worsen shortages of water, electricity and heating across Ukraine. DW’s Jan-Philipp Scholz visited two towns in the country’s east. DW News , 2 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfJZrxAi8Ik (video). Accessed 2 Dec 2022.

Occupied Ukraine: Inside the horror of Russia’s parallel reality. To justify the invasion of Ukraine, Russian President Vladimir Putin used the false pretexts of “denazification” and “demilitarisation” of the country. Russian state propaganda is built around the myth of a Ukraine in the hands of “Nazis”, one where the Russians come to “liberate” the “Russian speakers”. This propaganda is disseminated not only in Russia, but also in the occupied Ukrainian territories, where the population is plunged into a parallel reality. FRANCE 24’s reporter Elena Volochine went to meet locals and exposed the terrifying real-life consequences of Russian propaganda on the ongoing war in Ukraine. France 24 English, 2 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeNPeAESbQQ (video). Accessed 2 Dec 2022.

Putin still aspires to win but knows he can’t. “He knows he can’t win, although I suspect he always will have an aspiration towards that, but he’s trying very hard not to lose.”
General Jack Keane, former vice chief of staff of the US army, tells #TimesRadio that Ukraine has the “momentum” and “passion” to fight for liberation from the “horrific” war crimes for which Putin must be held accountable. Times Radio, 2 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7fZKh3AjgU (video). Accessed 2 Dec 2022.

Putin’s invasion will crumble if Nato continues support | General Sir Richard Shirreff. “Ukraine will ultimately prevail and Putin will be faced with a collapse.”
If Nato continues providing air defences to Ukraine, Putin’s invasion will collapse. Former Nato supreme allied commander Europe, General Sir Richard Shirreff, tells TimesRadio, 1 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h2XcrFFLh0A (video). Accessed 1 Dec 2022.

‘Putin is not able to succeed on the battlefield’: Blinken on Russia’s military tactics. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken tells Amanpour the United States is “very focused” on helping Ukraine with air defense, discusses the ongoing protests in Iran, and his upcoming visit to China. CNN, 1 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_YRMlp-ieM (video). Accessed 1 Dec 2022.

We’re analyzing intentions of occupiers and preparing more powerful countermeasure – Zelenskyy The President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy in his address told about another meeting of the Staff of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief on November 30. The main issues were the Donetsk region, Luhansk region, Kharkiv region, Zaporizhzhia region, Kherson region, Crimea, frontline territories and state border. ‘We are analyzing the intentions of the occupiers and are preparing a countermeasure – an even more powerful countermeasure than now,’ Volodymyr Zelenskyy said. ‘We considered the issue of providing for the military and supplying new equipment and ammunition,’ he added. UATV English, 1 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dMiMIZvMes (video). Accessed 1 Dec 2022.

Ukraine Holds Bakhmut: What Happens Next? The Latest Battlefield Update Since Russia’s retreat from Kherson, the frontlines in Ukraine haven’t changed much. But with rumours circulating that Ukraine might be planning another offensive, we breakdown what their next move might be, and whether it could involve invading Russia. TLDR News EU, 1 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rnijh-6bqNE (video). Accessed Dec 2022.

Retired colonel identifies ‘major issue’ for Ukraine and Western allies Retired US Air Force Col. Cedric Leighton says that the West’s inability to keep up with Ukraine’s demand for ammunition and armaments could be a big issue as the war with Russia drags on. CNN, 1 Dec 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtCJKVuN8BE (video). Accessed 1 Dec 2022.

What is a war crime? Metropolitan Police, https://www.met.police.uk/advice/advice-and-information/war-crimes/what-is-a-war-crime/. Accessed 5 Dec 2022.

EU seeks specialized court to investigate Russia war crimes. PBS News Hour, 30 Nov 2022, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/eu-seeks-specialized-court-to-investigate-russia-war-crimes. Accessed 5 Dec 2022.

The ‘winter war’ begins. Winter has arrived in Ukraine, with Kyiv blanketed in snow and temperatures set to plummet in coming weeks. In scenes that recall the horror of trench warfare in World War I, Professor Michael Clarke anticipates the cold will “favour the Ukrainians” as they are “better equipped and better organised”. Sky News, 27 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ps8tQZr5hLE (video). Accessed 27 Nov 2022.

No compromises on sovereignty and territories: Ukraine’s conditions for negotiations. 10 steps to peace in Ukraine and global security. In a speech to the participants of the G-20 summit, President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy presented the Ukrainian formula for peace. The Kremlin called this pragmatic algorithm for achieving peace in the Russian-Ukrainian war ‘unrealistic’. Analysts consider it logical and universal. Details – in the material of our colleagues. UATV English, 200 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3f7V4jdcL_I (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

While there’s no electricity and water, Ukrainian government tries to bring the cities back to life On Sunday morning, the Russian army once again shelled the territory of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, Enerhoatom reported. There are hits in the infrastructure facilities of the plant. The fact of the shelling was confirmed by IAEA experts who are at the NPP now. They say there that the results of the shelling did not affect nuclear safety. Massive Russian shelling has significantly damaged the Ukrainian energy system. Russian occupiers purposefully and systematically attack civilians, seeking to deprive them of electricity and heat. But, Ukrainian power engineers are quickly repairing facilities, and the Ukrainian authorities are doing everything possible so that people can study and work. Our correspondent will tell more details further in our report. UATV English, 21 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tb1QWOVkyak (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Dignity and Freedom Day is marked against the background of Russia’s full-scale invasion | It was on November 21, 2013, when Ukrainians started to hold the first protest rallies in response to the decision of the then government to stop the country’s movement towards European integration and freeze preparations for the signing of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement.
However, unlike the events of the Orange Revolution, the defense of dignity and freedom led to 106 Ukrainian patriots killed and over 2,000 more injured. And in the spring of 2014, Russia’s military aggression began, accompanied by the occupation of Crimea and certain areas of Donetsk and Luhansk regions.
This year, Dignity and Freedom Day is celebrated against the background of Russia’s full-scale invasion which began on February 24. Ukraine is again fighting for its freedom and independence, defending itself against the aggressor.
The President of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy appealed to the people of Ukraine on this iconic day, in spite of the greatest ever threat to the existence of the Ukrainian state itself. UATV English, 21 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmTylLGkkJM (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Shelling at Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant must stop, says UN watchdog | More than a dozen powerful explosions have been recorded near a Russian-occupied nuclear power plant in south Ukraine since Saturday evening. The head of the UN nuclear watchdog, Rafael Grossi, made an urgent appeal for a stop to the fighting at the Zaporizhzhia plant, which is Europe’s biggest.
“Whoever is behind this, it must stop immediately,” he said. “You’re playing with fire!”
The plant stands on the River Dnipro, on the front line in the war. BBC News , 21 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQbyxjp7fwY (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Putin’s scorched earth tactics as Russians retreat in Ukraine| “They’re trying to make liberated Ukrainian cities impossible to actually live in.” Russians are hiding bombs and traps before retreating from land to ruin Ukraine, James Cowan, CEO of the Halo Trust, tells TimesRadio, 21 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7cItDEbbbM (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Humanitarian catastrophe: people in Mariupol freeze because of Russians The Armed Forces of Ukraine can release Mariupol and Melitopol by January. This forecast was voiced by the former commander of the US Ground Forces in Europe, Lieutenant General Ben Hodges. After that, according to him, the de-occupation of Crimea will begin. When Mariupol returns to Kyiv’s control, the world will learn about the war crimes committed by the Russian occupiers. What kind of life Russia brought to the Ukrainian city – in the material of our colleagues. UATV English, 20 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JUSw-LzxpWE (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Putin is bombing Ukraine like Hitler bombed Britain in 1940: Historical parallels. Britain has allocated almost 6 million dollars to restore Ukraine’s energy sector. And this is just one point from the list of significant assistance that London provides to Kyiv. Britain has been a reliable partner of Ukraine since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Analysts are confident – this is logical. After all, the British opposed Hitler. And their historical memory does not allow them to make concessions to another aggressor – Putin. The press often compares the bombing of London during WWII to the massive bombing of Kyiv. The historical parallels – in our story. UATV English, 20 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sPdAxs09soM (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Russians continue to suffer defeats in Ukraine: abandoned equipment and thousands soldiers killedThe losses of the Russians in Ukraine have already exceeded 84 thousand people. More than 400 soldiers have died in the last 24 hours alone. The Russian army lost some of its equipment. Such data are provided by the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. About the losses of the Russians in the war unleashed by the Kremlin – in our material. UATV English, 20 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R02J2pEsBPg (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Run away from mobilization: how many people left Russia?For a month and a half, the so-called partial mobilization, announced on September 21 by Vladimir Putin, has been going on in Russia. During this time, hundreds of thousands of Russians left the federation, hundreds of thousands more were mobilized and sent to the front. In order not to get to the war, some break their limbs, others demand alternative civilian service, and still others hide from the military commissars. However, leaving Russia remains the surest way to avoid mobilization. Read more in the material of our correspondents. UATV English, 18 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R02J2pEsBPg (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Historian identifies important Putin answer at conference. At a conference with Russian journalists, Russian President Vladimir Putin characterized Nikita Khrushchev’s actions during the Cuban missile crisis as a “retreat.” Historian Timothy Naftali discusses the significance and how the West should respond. CNN, 20 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jN9xfFfUnJM (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Ukrainian nuclear power plant Zaporizhzhia may be world’s most dangerous place now | IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi tells Lesley Stahl about the precarious nuclear situation in Ukraine and the work his team is doing to prevent a catastrophe. 60 Minutes, 20 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9d0AHStrAI (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Why Russia’s new ‘Satan 2’ missile is a failure| What the Russians really seek to do at the moment is freeze that conflict over the winter.” The world cannot let Russia have this wish, says Major General Chip Chapman, former Senior British Military Advisor to US Central Command. Read more on Putin’s ‘Satan 2’ missile: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ukrainians-find-dozens-of-tortured-bodies-in-kherson-7j6fj87z3 Times Radio, 18 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZENpARlhN0c (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

Putin ready for peace talks after huge Russian defeats in Ukraine – officials claim by Michael Knowles Express, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1696943/putin-ready-peace-talks-russia-ukraine (video). Accessed 18 Nov 2022.

‘He is really close to his defeat’: Russian journalist on Putin Russian journalist Mikhail Zygar talks to Christiane Amanpour about going public with his same-sex marriage as Moscow looks set to pass an extremely harsh anti-LGBTQ law and Vladimir Putin’s standing in Russia after his military’s retreat from Kherson. CNN, 18 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Abj1PlVrajU (video). Accessed 18 Nov 2022.

Questions remain over Poland missile strike | Prof. Michael Clarke “I wouldn’t be surprised if there’s not two missiles wrapped up in that debris, both a Russian cruise missile, maybe Kh-101 and a SAM missile that collided with it.”
NATO might not reveal if a Russian missile was involved in the Poland strike, says Defence Analyst Michael Clarke on Times Radio, 17 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmW_7arJVhw (video). Accessed 17 Nov 2022.

Can Ukraine push out Russia? See top US general’s blunt assessment.The US Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Mark Milley spoke about whether Ukraine can fully push the Russian army out of Ukraine at a Pentagon press briefing. CNN, 17 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6OEbC60v6z4 (video). Accessed 17 Nov 2022.

‘Putin is looking for a way out’ | John Bolton former National Security Advisor “I think Ukraine’s bargaining posture here gets stronger every day that goes by. The Russian military performance hasn’t shown signs of improvement.” Putin will try to use negotiations as a way out of the war without giving up the Donbas, John Bolton tells Times Radio, 17 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O01ioxi9xng (video). Accessed 17 Nov 2022.

Ukraine war: Kyiv not to blame for Poland missile – Zelensky BBC.com, 17 Nov 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63656664. Accessed 17 Nov 2022.

Why did Russia invade Ukraine and has Putin’s war failed? by Paul Kirby for , 16 Nov 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56720589. Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Initial findings suggest the missile that killed 2 people in Poland was fired by Ukrainian forces to intercept a Russian strike: US officials by Matthew Loh for Insider.com, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.businessinsider.com/poland-missile-ukraine-intercept-russian-strike-initial-findings-report-2022-11?inline-endstory-related-recommendations=. Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Why Ukraine chooses to negotiate on the battlefield, not at peace talks by Francis Farrell, The Kyiv Independent, 16 Nov 2022, https://kyivindependent.com/national/why-ukraine-chooses-to-negotiate-on-the-battlefield-not-at-peace-talks (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Putin is to blame for missile strikes on Poland“It doesn’t matter where this missile came from. The fault lies squarely with Russia.” Only Putin can be blamed for missiles on Poland, even if the missiles weren’t his, says Cormac Smith, former advisor to the Foreign Minister of Ukraine. Times Radio , 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7Am64za2is (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

‘Ultimately it is Russia’s fault’: Retired Brig. Gen. Kimmitt on Poland missile Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt (Ret.) joins CNN Newsroom to discuss the missile that killed two people in eastern Poland. The missile was likely fired by Ukrainian forces defending against a wave of Russian missile strikes, Polish President Andrzej Duda said. CNN, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FjuS8tJXIkg (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Russia likely to see consequences over Poland missile incident“A Ukrainian missile, probably seeking to deny a Russian missile was kind of misfired or had its trajectory change and hit Polish territory.”
The missile strike on Poland will still have consequences for Russia, former NATO policy director Fabrice Pothier tells TimesRadio, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=900_2H12sro (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Why it’s unlikely Poland will invoke Article 5 “There’s this whole misconception that if a NATO country is under attack, all thirty allies will immediately get into war footing and respond.”
It’s unlikely the missiles, if they were Russian, were fired on purpose, explains Samantha de Bendern at Chatham House. Times Radio, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9JM91s-mNw (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Update on the war a day after Poland missiles – Geopolitics with Alex Stubb | Alex first discusses the Ukrainian advance in the Kherson region. He also addresses the emergence of peace, dialogue and demands in the discourse surrounding the war, including Zelenskyy’s 10 points for peace.
Alex also talks about the G20 in Bali, the upcoming winter and the missiles that hit Poland the evening before this episode was recorded. STG Series, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52ej6PFlY3U (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Article 5 can now happen | “Article 5 kicks in, in essence. Poland has been attacked. Poland is a Nato country. If a native country is attacked, Article 5 can kick in.” Article 5 can “kick in” after missiles reportedly land in Poland, foreign analyst Tim Marshall tells TimesRadio, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6J1THEtgLUE (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Former US Defence Sec. explains how NATO will find out where Poland missile strike came from “We need to find the point of origin and find out what exactly happened before we draw any conclusions.”
There should be a NATO emergency meeting regardless of where the missile that hit Poland came from former US defence secretary Mark Esper tells Times Radio , 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAkEkwkvosM (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

US says it is ‘unlikely’ that Russia launched Poland strike. US President Joe Biden has met with NATO and G7 leaders in hastily arranged talks, following the explosion in Poland which killed two people. Biden said there was agreement to support Poland’s investigation and told reporters the US would figure out “exactly what happened.” When asked whether a missile could have been fired from Russia, Biden said it was “unlikely” that it was fired from Russia judging by trajectory. The White House has been cautious in its response and has not attributed blame for the missile.
US officials say initial findings suggest a missile that hit Poland was fired by Ukrainian forces at an incoming Russian missile. Early findings, according to three US officials, indicate that the missile that struck Poland on Tuesday and killed two people was launched by Ukrainian forces to intercept an approaching Russian missile, the AP and DPA news agencies reported on Wednesday.
The Ukrainians were caught in a blistering attack against their electrical infrastructure by Russian forces. Russian missile attacks on Ukrainian cities and civilian infrastructure have been condemned in a joint statement issued by NATO and G7 leaders on the sidelines of the G20 summit in Bali. Support for Ukraine was reaffirmed, including readiness to “hold Russia accountable for its brazen attacks in Ukrainian communities.” DW News, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTF_du0tsLw (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

US intelligence believes Ukraine fired missile that landed in Poland | Two officials briefed on initial US assessments said it appears the missile that killed two people in eastern Poland Wednesday originated in Ukraine, even though it was Russian made. CNN, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpfOTUgLijw (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Poland: Russian-made missile fell on our country, killing 2 by Vanessa Gera, Zeke Miller and Michael Balsamo for AP, 16 Nov 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-zelenskyy-kherson-9202c032cf3a5c22761ee71b52ff9d52. Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

CNN reporter on scene of Poland explosion that left 2 dead by Tim Lister, Tara John, Antonia Mortensen, Anna Chernova, Emmet Lyons and Rhea Mogul for CNN, 16 Nov 2022, https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/15/europe/poland-missile-rocket-nato-przewodow-ukraine-intl (video). Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

Zelenskyy lays out 10-point peace plan for Ukraine at G20, including withdrawal of Russian troops and ‘all for all’ prisoner swap Zelenskyy virtually addressed world leaders at the G20 summit in Bali on Tuesday. He told them that Russia’s war must end, and proposed a 10-step peace plan. The plan includes ensuring nuclear and food safety, and an “all for all” prisoner swap.Insider.com, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.businessinsider.com/zelenskyy-proposes-10-point-peace-plan-ukraine-g20-bali-summit-2022-11. Accessed 16 Nov 2022.

G20: Ukraine has dominated the talks so far, what the final comminque is likely to say? Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Tuesday that Ukraine’s conditions for restarting talks with Moscow were “unrealistic,” speaking at the G20 summit where pressure was mounting on Russia to end the conflict. FRANCE 24’s International Affairs Editor Philip Turle tells us more about the different positions in War in Ukraine talks and what the final comminque is likely to say. France 24, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ciWk6NP9g0Y (video). Accessed 15 Nov 2022.

Ukraine Rejects Any Compromise With Putin Until Russia Leaves Valeriy Zaluzhnyi, Ukraine’s chief commander, told General Mark Milley, chairman of the US Chiefs of Staff, that there can be no negotiations, agreements or compromises until Russia leaves captured territories.
– “The situation on the front line is stable and controlled,” the General Staff said in a statement on Facebook, citing Zaluzhnyi. “We are tracking attentively the enemy’s activities on the border with the Republic of Belarus and are building a reliable shield for the protection of Ukraine in the north.”
– Milley was quoted last week as indicating that now there’s “an opportunity here, a window of opportunity, for negotiation.”
– Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy made an unannounced visit to the southern city of Kherson, and the UN General Assembly issued a symbolic condemnation of Russia’s invasion.
– During Zelenskiy’s first trip to the regional capital after its recapture by Ukrainian troops last week, he said his forces would continue to liberate occupied territory. The regional governor told the president during a meeting that work was underway to restore critical infrastructure in the city.
– CIA Director William Burns traveled to Turkey to meet with his Russian counterpart, with the announced purpose of urging against the use of nuclear weapons.
– As Germany seeks to contain the financial shock from Moscow’s squeeze on energy, the government said it’s taking over the former European trading and supply unit of Gazprom PJSC. Neighboring Poland also introduced compulsory administration over the Russian gas giant’s stake in a company that owns the local part of the Yamal-Europe pipeline. Bloomberg Quicktake, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gcGS4uyifuk (video). Accessed 15 Nov 2022.

Missile strikes on Kyiv underscores Ukraine’s urgent air defence needs • Strikes hit residential buildings in the heart of Ukraine’s capital Tuesday, authorities said. Further south, officials announced probes of alleged Russian abuses in the newly retaken city of Kherson, including torture sites and enforced disappearances and detentions. FRANCE 24’s correspondent in Ukraine Luke Shrago reports. FRANCE 24 English, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qfTZ1mlj9Po (video). Accessed 15 Nov 2022.

Russia strikes multiple Ukrainian cities, several regions suffer power cuts • FRANCE 24 English Russian strikes have hit key cities across Ukraine this Tuesday, including the capital Kyiv – where two residential buildings are reported have been hit by missiles. The mayors of Lviv (in the west) and Kharkiv (in the north east) also say their cities have been struck. Power cuts are being reported as it appears energy facilities have been hit as well. FRANCE 24’s reporter Luke Shrago, who is currenlty in the Mykolaiv region, tells us more. FRANCE 24, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80pRE_TCG4g (video). Accessed 15 Nov 2022.

UN General Assembly Calls For Russia To Pay Ukraine ReparationsA contentious vote at the United Nations held Russia responsible for damage and deaths in Ukraine and called for an international mechanism to be set up for the payment of reparations. NBC’s Richard Engel reports for TODAY. Today Online, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PcH4h3wv8DA (video). Accessed 15 Nov 2022.

After Kherson, Where Will Ukraine Go Next? After Russia’s humiliating retreat from Kherson, many are wondering whether this precipitates renewed peace talks or an advance on Crimea. So in this video, we breakdown these two options and which path Ukraine are more likely to take going forward.
TLDR News, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I82qBZfwmw4 (video). Accessed 15 Nov 2022.

Zelenskyy addresses world’s wealthiest nations at G-20 summit | Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelenskyy told G-20 leaders in Bali via a video message that now is the time to end Russia’s war. He once again laid out his conditions for ending the conflict, presenting what he called a ‘peace formula’. It includes a complete withdrawal of Russian troops and full restoration of Ukrainian control of its territory.
Russia’s war in Ukraine is in the spotlight at this year’s G-20 summit – despite it not officially being on the agenda. Leaders of the world’s largest economies are gathering in Indonesia. DW News, 15 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RdIIJFcZ98I (video). Accessed 15 Nov 2022.

Horrors of Kherson prison come to light Sky’s International Correspondent Alex Rossi meets a former Ukrainian prisoner of war, who takes him to the jail he was locked up in. He says he was tortured and beaten daily. Sky News, 13 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58zySlc8D9E (video). Accessed 13 Nov 2022.

Legacy of Ukraine war ‘will be felt for generations to come’ Retired Air Vice-Marshal Sean Bell analyses Russia’s military tactics in the fight for the Donbas, and examines the “devastating human impact” of the war in Ukraine. Sky News, 13 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DH9e93jYC_4 (video). Accessed 13 Nov 2022.

Ukraine War: ‘Talks are going to have to start happening’ | Retired Air Vice Marshal Sean Bell told Sky News that the war in Ukraine is getting to the point where “talks need to start happening.” Sky News, 12 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xkfzgoi9Q4 (video). Accessed 14 Nov 2022.

Former army officer says Russia is ‘falling apart’ | “Things are falling apart very badly for the Russians. But we should not get too optimistic.” Russia still has “a lot” of firepower and Ukraine should not get “carried away”, former army officer Sir Simon Mayall tells #TimesRadio. Times Radio, 14 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELxoLA5QMEI&t=16s (video). Accessed 21 Nov 2022.

‘We have stopped them’: Zelensky speaks about Ukraine’s progress in war with RussiaUkrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky and his wife Olena Zelenska sat down with CNN’s Christiane Amanpour in Kyiv to talk about the status of Ukraine’s war with Russia. CNN, 10 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kgIpu2wVlM (video). Accessed 11 Nov 2022.

‘Executed in silence’: Zelensky on counteroffensive against Russia. CNN’s Christiane Amanpour asks Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky about the status of Ukraine’s counteroffensive against Russia’s occupation of Kherson. CNN, 9 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Clvf5TEqQCk (video). Accessed 11 Nov 2022.

‘It’s a war of willpower, who can keep fighting the longest’ | Tim Ripley, weapons analyst at Jane’s and author of the book: Little Green Men: the inside story of Russia’s military power. Times Radio , 11 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-bsFF32hSY (video). Accessed 11 Nov 2022.

‘I don’t think this is a Russian trap, but don’t rush in’ | Scott Lucas
Scott Lucas, Professor of International politics, Clinton Institute, University College Dublin. Times Radio , 11 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UhAFGLwWxQc (video). Accessed 11 Nov 2022.

What are Russians being told about the war in Ukraine? – The Ukrainian army said it has made major gains over the last day around the port city of Kherson, after Russia announced its withdrawal from the southern city. Ukrainian troops have reportedly taken back the key town of Snihurivka, 50km (30 miles) to the north of Kherson. Kyiv has also claimed big pushes on two fronts near Kherson, including advances of 7km in some places. Russia said it has started to exit the city – its top gain in the invasion – but the process could take weeks.
BBC News, 11 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtwQ-XJuVYs (video). Accessed 11 Nov 2022.

‘This is a huge defeat for the Russians’ | Major General Rupert Jones “This is the result of months and months of hard graft by the Ukrainians. The withdrawal of Kherson is a significant defeat for the Russians, says Major General Rupert Jones, former Standing Joint Forces Commander. Times Radio, 10 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGF-bkaVjDE (video). Accessed 11 Nov 2022.

‘It continues to turn against Putin’: Ex-chairman of Joint Chiefs on war in Ukraine Retired Adm. Mike Mullen, a former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff under Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama, weighs in on the state of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as the Ukrainian military advances on Russian-held Kherson. Interview by Christiane Amanpour for CNN, 7 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBZ09BGWAaI (video). Accessed 8 Nov 2022.

Ukraine ready for peace talks, but not with Vladimir Putin | Ukraine latest Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said it was vital to force Russia to participate in “genuine” peace talks, describing it as a destabilising force on a range of issues, including climate change.
Russia has hit Ukrainian infrastructure with a barrage of strikes over the past month that has destroyed around a third of the country’s power stations leaving many cities facing frequent blackouts.
Ukraine hopes to use advanced air defense systems to prevent further loss of infrastructure from Russian strikes.Ukrainian Defense Minister Oleksii Reznikov said on Monday that the country had received its first NASAMS and Apside air defense systems.
“We will continue to shoot down the enemy targets attacking us. Thank you to our partners: Norway, Spain and the US,” he wrote on Twitter. DW News, 8 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlvruuRxSvQ (video). Accessed 8 Nov 2022.

Russian frontline soldiers ‘shot for retreating.’ Defence and security analyst Professor Michael Clark says Russian forces are using “barrier troops” to “shoot convicts” who are trying to retreat on the frontline. He compared the tactics to those used in the Battle for Stalingrad. Sky News, 8 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5SgQekDK6M (video). Accessed 8 Nov 2022.

Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelensky warns of possible Russian mass attacks on infrastructure – In his latest video address, Zelensky said he believed Moscow would focus on Ukraine’s energy sector first.
Millions of Ukrainians have intermittently been left without electricity and water after Russian air strikes targeted vital infrastructure in recent weeks.
Some 40% of Ukraine’s energy system has been damaged or destroyed by Russian attacks on power plants and lines. BBC News, 7 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cb_OvX7_uMg (video). Accessed 8 Nov 2022.

Ukraine says heavy Russian casualties in Donetsk. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said that the Donetsk region in the east remained the epicenter of the conflict, with hundreds of Russians being killed every day. Reuters, 8 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAc9BSxMsno (video). Accessed 8 Nov 2022.

Amb. Oksana Markarova: ‘We Will Not Stop Until There Is Accountability’ For Russia’s War Crimes Ukrainian Ambassador to the United States Oksana Markarova, Pulitzer Prize-winning photojournalist Carol Guzy, and Dmytro Kozatsky, a Ukrainian soldier and photographer who was held in the Mariupol steel plant, join Andrea Mitchell to discuss “Relentless Courage: Ukraine and the World at War,” a new book featuring a collection of images capturing Ukrainians’ enduring fight. Ambassador Markarova, who writes in the book about a journalist lost to the war, tells Mitchell: “He was a very beautiful human being, full of light,” and Russia’s targeting of civilians “shows how inhumane this aggressive regime is, and how this war is about the values, democracy.” She adds, “We will not stop until there is accountability.” MSNBC, 2 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ogZeM4Cdt0 (video). Accessed 3 Nov 2022.

Private Russian army chief competes for power inside the Kremlin Yevgeny Prigozhin, one of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s closest allies and leader of the brutal private army the Wagner Group, is using dissent around the war in Ukraine to jockey for increased influence inside the Kremlin, US and European officials say. CNN White House Reporter Natasha Bertrand and CNN National Security Analyst James Clapper join Erin Burnett to discuss. CNN, 2 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4K7IEvr5bE (video). Accessed 3 Nov 2022.

How the Wagner Group is profiting from Russia’s war on Ukraine “Yevgeny Prigozhin is probably profiting off of the war. This is a multimillionaire, he’s a Neo-nationalist.”
The Wagner Group chief reportedly takes his orders from Putin, but former senior British Military advisor, Chip Chapman, argues its the other way around. Times Radio, 2 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoCijLMiXQU (video). Accessed 3 Nov 2022.

The Atrocities Uncovered in the Liberated Regions of Ukraine | Foreign Correspondent Putin’s recent losses on the battlefield have emboldened Ukrainians. Steve Cannane travels to the warzone in northern Ukraine to meet the people freed from Russian occupation. He hears stories of trauma, courage and defiance.

Ukrainian troops shell Russian positions north of Kherson • A Ukrainian counteroffensive has left Russian forces fighting to hold their ground around the city of Kherson, where Russian-installed authorities were urging residents to evacuate, the Ukrainian military said. However, Ukraine likely still faces a long battle ahead to retake the city, France 24’s correspondent in Ukraine Gulliver Cragg reports for FRANCE 24 English, 3 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Onk5XuEDpQo (video). Accessed 3 Nov 2022.

General predicts Putin will lose everything he gained since 2014 | Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges “I believe that Ukraine will have liberated Crimea by the summer and I believe that because we’ve talked about who has the superior will? The Ukrainian soldiers and Ukrainian people.” Putin is set to lose everything he has gained since 2014, General Ben Hodges tells Times Radio, 2 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EuDxm9LsIYo(video). Accessed 3 Nov 2022.

Putin’s War at Home (full documentary) | FRONTLINE tells the inside stories of activists and journalists risking arrest and imprisonment to protest and speak out about the Kremlin’s war effort — from a young woman whose TikToks have gone viral internationally, to an artist facing up to 10 years imprisonment after posting anti-war stickers in a grocery store, to a university professor whose parents live in Ukraine, to independent reporters seeking the truth about the war — including its death toll among the country’s soldiers, information that Russia has deemed a state secret.
As Russia’s war on Ukraine approaches its ninth month and evidence of potential war crimes continues to mount, “Putin’s War at Home” is a powerful look at the Russian leader’s efforts to stifle domestic criticism — and some of the people in his country who are speaking out anyway.
“Putin’s Russia is based on fear,” one journalist says in the documentary, adding that, “we decided to continue without censorship, whatever the cost.” PBS, 1 Nov 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GorZOdylYbw (video). Accessed 3 Nov 2022.

Power Knocked Out In Kyiv Amid New Wave Of Russian Attacks Russian forces launched a massive new wave of missile strikes on Monday, pounding targets in Kyiv and other cities across the country. NBC’s Molly Hunter reports for TODAY, 31 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=liQ5_paquoU (video). Accessed 3 Nov 2022.

Putin’s craving for power | On February 24, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an all-out attack on Ukraine. While Putin spuriously claimed that the country must be “denazified,” the attack is in fact part of the Russian leader’s attempt to return to the days of Russian empire.
From the very beginning of his tenure, the Russian president’s foreign policy strategy aimed to destabilize Russia’s neighboring states. The Chechen war raged from 1999 to 2009. In 2008, Putin attacked Georgia. This was followed, in 2014, by the annexation of the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea. Putin’s goal was always to bring these neighbors back into the Russian sphere of influence, and to prevent the emergence of democratic societies there.
Putin also wanted to prevent neighboring countries from drawing closer to the EU or NATO. But his desire to exert military power over foreign states was not limited to Europe: Putin also came to the defense of Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad, and used Russian-controlled mercenary troops to intervene in Libya, the Central African Republic and Venezuela.
Within Russia, he has managed to consolidate his power thanks to drastic coercive measures and state-controlled propaganda. In this documentary, Russian journalists, human rights activists and even oligarchs have their say. They paint a picture of a man whose quest for power knows no bounds. DW Documentary, 27 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3K7bWTSnxU8 (video). Accessed 27 Oct 2022.

Ukraine will never collapse under Putin’s violence, says retired Standing Joint Force Commander“All historical evidence would suggest that attacks like this fail…the Ukrainians are in this for the long haul.” We need to play down Putin’s dialogue after his latest speech, says Major General Rupert Jones, former Standing Joint Force Commander. Times Radio, 27 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdhq2CIplbU (video). Accessed 27 Oct 2022.

Retired general says Russia showing ‘real dysfunction’ Retired Lt. Gen. Mark Hertling tells CNN’s John Vause why Russian forces are dealing with shortages of crucial supplies and explains the impact of US military aid given to Ukraine. CNN, 27 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzilkmQL7io (video). Accessed 27 Oct 2022.

Abandoned Russian base holds secrets of retreat in Ukraine | When Russian troops fled the Ukrainian town of Balakliia last month, they left behind thousands of documents that detail the inner workings of the Russian war machine. Reuters, 26 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTi9RnRoGWM (video). Accessed 26 Oct 2022.

The financial war against Putin and the oligarchs | Bill Browder | “Vladimir Putin values money more than human life. He’s come after me in a big way, threatened me with death, with kidnapping, issued eight Interpol arrest warrants for me.” The West needs to take a harder stand against Putin’s allies, Bill Browder tells #TimesRadio., 25 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWieKB79jZI (video). Accessed 25 Oct 2022.

CNN witnesses Russia return body of American fighting for Ukraine In a CNN exclusive, Clarissa Ward travels to the Zaporizhzhia region between Ukrainian and Russian-controlled Ukraine, where Russian officials return the remains of Joshua Jones, an American killed while fighting for Ukraine. CNN, 27 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-TX7V40MA4 (video). Accessed 27 Oct 2022.

U.S. 101st Airborne Division deployed near Ukraine’s border for the first time since World War II. Charlie D’Agata joined America’s most forward troops near Ukraine’s border. CBS News, 24 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fG5qERtGSs (video). Accessed 24 Oct 2022.

‘This place is really bearing the brunt’ | CNN Chief International Correspondent Clarissa Ward reports on the aftermath of an overnight strike in Mykolaiv, Ukraine. CNN, 24 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGCiQ56Y4qo (video). Accessed 24 Oct 2022.

The reason Putin is ‘willing to use terrifying weapons’ | Max Hastings: “Russia has all these terrifying weapons and is a sufficiently horrible state to be willing to use them.” The UK should be more cautious in its rhetoric with Russia but must keep up support for Ukraine, Max Hastings tells Lucy Fisher on Times Radio, 24 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tA6tZOXjv9w (video). Accessed 24 Oct 2022.

Why Russia accuses Ukraine of planning to use a radioactive bomb | In his daily video address, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy dismissed Moscow’s claims that Ukraine was preparing provocations with the use of a “dirty bomb”, as suggested by Russia’s defense minister during telephone calls with NATO counterparts. “If Russia calls and says that Ukraine is allegedly preparing something, it means one thing: Russia has already prepared all this. I believe that now the world should react as harshly as possible,” Zelenskyy said. The Ukrainian president also said that only Russia was capable of using nuclear weapons in Europe. “If anyone can use nuclear weapons in this part of Europe — it can be only one source — and that source is the one that has ordered comrade Shoigu to telephone here or there,” Zelenskyy said. Earlier on Sunday, Ukraine’s Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba denounced Moscow’s claims as “absurd” and “dangerous”. “Russians often accuse others of what they plan themselves,” he added. DW News, 24 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4zEROhY5DFI (video). Accessed 24 Oct 2022.

Putin’s ‘dirty bomb’ threat is a sign of desperation | Chemical weapons expert: “They are desperate and would appear to be trying almost anything to hang on.”
Putin accusing Ukraine of owning a dirty bomb are the “death throes” of the Russian invasion, showing Russia is trying to hang on, chemical weapons expert Hamish de Bretton Gordon tells TimesRadio, 24 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anLadDCrThE(video). Accessed 24 Oct 2022.

Putin’s terror tactics will be his downfall | Former director of the Royal United Services Institute and defence analyst Michael Clarke explains on TimesRadio why he thinks Putin’s terror tactics will ultimately be his downfall, after President Zelensky said Russian air strikes have left millions of Ukrainians without power. Times Radio, 23 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy89HeV8HZI (video). Accessed 24 Oct 2022.

Ukraine liberates more villages in the south. Ukrainian Colonel General says morale is high and momentum is on their side, as Ukraine edges closer to the vital city of Kherson.ABC news, 23 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsVoDc174P8 (video). Accessed 24 Oct 2022.

Why Putin’s nuclear bluff doesn’t scare Ukraine | “I can tell you that Ukrainian people feel the support and we all appreciate it. And we believe that no matter what happens with all the politics. But we still feel this support because Ukraine is supported by all the decent people around the world. And regardless of politicians and rulers, we even have the support of people in such countries as Iran, for example.” Times Radio, 20 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6X_PNZ-8G4 (video). Accessed 20 Oct 2022.

Ukraine energy situation ‘critical’ after Russian attacks – Russian forces have again targeted Ukraine’s energy facilities, leaving part of Kyiv and other cities with no power and water. A presidential aide said the situation across Ukraine was now critical. BBC News, 19 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=baLJYqNll5s (video). Accessed 20 Oct 2022.

How I saw Russia collapse, then turn against the West | Michael Binyon | “There was great hope after the collapse of communism… it did go wrong. Well, Putin changed.” The Times‘ Michael Binyon recounts 50 years of history through his career and how he saw post-communist Russia turn against the West, on Times Radio, 20 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mm2EcglQHlA (video). Accessed 20 Oct 2022.

Hear how Biden admin is responding to Putin’s declaration. Retired Air Force Col. Cedric Leighton explains Russian President Putin’s declaration of martial law in 4 regions of Ukraine and White House security official John Kirby explains how the Biden administration is responding the the move. CNN, 20 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZVjtYktPpo (video). Accessed 20 Oct 2022.

Putin is at war with his own people | Joel Rubin. “It’s clear that Vladimir Putin is feeling desperate.”
Joel Rubin, former deputy assistant secretary of state under President Obama, explains the significance of Russian president Putin declaring martial law in four regions of annexed Ukraine, speaking to Carole Walker on TimesRadio, 20 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wL2Jg2V1FNQ (video). Accessed 20 Oct 2022.

Thanks to Putin’s regime, the future of Russia is going to be quite depressive. A demographic crisis harsher than in the 1990s. Because of the war against Ukraine and the subsequent mobilisation, the Russian economy will go into stagnation. That is how economists see the future of the Federation. And Russian entrepreneurs already feel the approach of the crisis. UATV English, 16 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_wBv-Tm800 (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

Putin declares martial law in Ukraine regions Russia says annexed • Russian President Vladimir Putin on Wednesday introduced martial law in Ukraine’s Donetsk, Lugansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions that Moscow claims to have annexed. “I signed a decree to introduce martial law in these four subjects of the Russian Federation,” Putin said during a televised National Security Council meeting. , 19 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpcICVlZh94 (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

Putin thinks he can pull a Stalingrad 2.0, he cannot.“The heroic defender has turned into remorseless invader.” Putin relates himself to the Battle of Stalingrad, but with poorly trained, unmotivated conscripts, it seems unlikely to happen again. Iain MacGregor, author of “Lighthouse of Stalingrad” tells Michael Portillo. Times Radio, 15 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A88uLopdHSE (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

US spy chief: Russia using weapons at ‘unsustainable rate’ Western officials believe that Russia is running low on its precision guided munitions, and, according to one source familiar with Western intelligence, is likely on the brink of dipping into its strategic reserves to continue the war. CNN’s Katie Bo Lillis reports. CNN, 18 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OUH9_VxWWcE (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

In search of food and warmth: how in the front line Ukrainian city people are preparing for winterMore than 70% of the damaged and destroyed urban infrastructure, lack of electricity and water – this is the reality of the front line Bakhmut, Ukraine. Since the beginning of the month, eight civilians have been killed as a result of shelling the city by Russia. With the cold season in the city, new problems began. People who mostly live in basements need means of heating. How volunteers help those who have decided to stay in the city – in our following report. , 18 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Gr3hiOua6k (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

No matter what the enemy plans and does, Ukraine will defend itself – Zelenskyy. The President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy in his address said about new Russian attacks against Ukraine’s energy system. More than 10 Ukrainian regions suffered terrorist attacks. Some of the drones and missiles were shot down. ‘We are working with partners to provide even more protection to the Ukrainian sky,’ Volodymyr Zelenskyy underlined. ‘237 days of this war prove that we are able to find an answer to any threats. If we act together – all Ukrainians and nations of the free world,’ President said. For more details – watch full address. UATV English 6, 19 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEJf-QCx1c4 (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

The West will “certainly” wobble over Ukraine war in winter | Professor David Stone | “The Ukrainians would like to make progress sooner rather than later…before the mud slows everything down.”
As the war in Ukraine enters the winter months, Professor David Stone from the US Naval War College says that the bitter cold will “certainly” affect Western support, as well as Ukrainian and Russian strategies. Times Radio , 19 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaXCQgD9iIg (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

Mystery in southern Ukraine after news blackout. Sky News defence and security analyst Prof Michael Clarke takes a look at what might be happening around the southern city of Kherson. A news blackout means media do not have access to the area, but Russians have been filmed evacuating the city.
And with Britain’s foreign secretary Ben Wallace making an urgent visit to Washington this week, there is also speculation about what weapons Russia might use if Moscow opts to fight. Sky News, 19 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2uhHQIuHCc (video). Accessed 19 Oct 2022.

Blinken calls Russia’s drone strikes ‘sign of increased desperation,’ promises continued US support. by Anastasiia Malenko, The Kyiv Independent, 18 Oct 2022, https://kyivindependent.com/national/blinken-calls-russias-drone-strikes-sign-of-increased-desperation-promises-continued-us-support. Accessed 18 Oct 2022.

Iran in hot seat over selling Russia ‘suicide’ drones. Ukrainians protested outside the Iranian Embassy in Kyiv demand that Iran stop selling drones to Russia, after a so-called ‘kamikaze’ drone hit a block of flats in Kyiv, killing at least four people. Iran has denied supply of drones to Russia. Reuters, 18 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNO_V9Eu1NI (video). Accessed 18 Oct 2022.

Russia now desperate for weapons from small nations. Nigel Gould-Davies, former UK ambassador to Belarus and Senior Fellow for Russia and Eurasia at the International Institute for Strategic Studies. The US has said it agrees with Western allies that Iran’s supply of explosive drones to Russia violates UN sanctions.
Kyiv was struck by so-called “kamikaze” drones on Monday, which are believed to be Iranian-made.
The US, France and the UK believe the drones violate UN Security Council Resolution 2231. That resolution, linked to Iran’s nuclear accord, bars Iranian transfers of certain military technologies. Times Radio, 18 Oct 2022, (video). Accessed 18 Oct 2022.

France Protests Live: Unrest Affects Schools, Transport As French Unions Begin Nationwide Strike. The disruption caused by the pandemic and Russian President Vladimir Putin’s weaponisation of natural gas supplies has put NATO and the EU’s role under the lens. Thousands of people across Europe took to the streets to protest against soaring prices as weeks of strikes for higher wages at oil refineries spurred demands for a general strike. Times Now, 18 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06IXAmI7JKI (video). Accessed 18 Oct 2022.

Tough winter ahead as Ukraine’s Energy Facilities targeted. As temperatures drop below freezing in eastern Ukraine, those who haven’t fled from the heavy fighting, regular shelling and months of Russian occupation are now on the threshold of a brutal winter and digging in for the cold months. Many residents of the Kharkiv region been living without gas, water or electricity for weeks after Russian strikes cut off utilities in many cities and towns. Russian forces have again targeted Ukraine’s energy facilities, leaving part of Kyiv and other cities with no power and water.
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A prisoner exchange between Russia and Ukraine saw more than 100 Ukrainian women walk free on Monday, including dozens who were captured during the Azovstal steelworks siege in Mariupol in May. CNN News 18, 18 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3vaF50-RIU (video). Accessed 18 Oct 2022.

Unwrapping The Enigma, Mystery And Riddle: Stephen Kotkin Explains Russia to Andrew Roberts. Understanding the psyche of Russia and the Russians has bewildered Westerners for generations; foremost expert Stephen Kotkin gives some penetrating insights into how to do it. Hoover Institution, 12 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0Zv7MGPpIo (video). Accessed 12 Oct 2022.

CNN military analyst on why Zelensky won’t get the ‘air shields’ he wants| Following one of Russia’s fiercest bombing campaigns in Ukraine since the start of the war, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky asks in a G7 meeting for an “air shield” against further aerial attacks. CNN’s Military Analyst Lt. Gen. Mark Hertling joins Bianna Golodryga to explain why he won’t get that. CNN, 12 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zuZpjpJVFsg (video). Accessed 12 Oct 2022.

Russian hardliners won’t let Putin negotiate for peace “Putin is digging himself a deeper hole. Russia has already lost this war, but that doesn’t mean it’s any closer to an end,” says Sir Roderic Lyne, former UK Ambassador to Russia. Times Radio, 12 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ekkLy-xRl0 (video). Accessed 12 Oct 2022.

Victory at any price? Putin targets energy security in Ukraine escalation • FRANCE 24 English, 12 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2ACCzgyxYk (video). Accessed 12 Oct 2022.

Serbia, Russia and the war in Ukraine | Serbia has refused to impose sanctions on Russia up to now. The majority of Serbs support Putin’s war in Ukraine. Many have traumatic memories of NATO bombing during the Kosovo War and mistrust the West.
This documentary shows how the war in Ukraine has actually strengthened many Serbs’ feelings for Russia and upped President Vladimir Putin’s popularity. At demonstrations, protesters chant “Serbia and Russia: brothers forever” and “Putin, Putin”. Construction worker Sreten Mijovic regards Ukrainians as antichrists. For him, the most important things in life are Russia, Serbia and the Serbian soccer club Red Star Belgrade. The Grbovic family remembers the frightening weeks that they spent in the cellar during the NATO bombing campaign in 1999 — when Russia was the only country that took Serbia’s side.
Serbia would like to join the European Union, but it feels strong ties to Russia because of a shared culture and the Christian orthodox faith. DW Documentary, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ET20WZxm2kk (video).

Russian attacks on Ukrainian power stations are war crimes | “There is no possible military reason for such attacks.” Former Defence and Diplomatic Correspondent, Jonathan Marcus discusses Russian attacks on Ukrainian power stations on TimesRadio , 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tNpaqJkdVaw. Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

‘Panicked autocrat’: European parliament president reacts to Russia’s missile strikes. International leaders are reacting to Russia’s missile attacks on Kyiv and across other Ukrainian cities. President of the European Parliament Roberta Metsola tweeted that “what is happening now in Kyiv is sickening. It shows the world, again, the regime we are faced with: One that targets indiscriminately. One that rains terror & death down on children. This is criminal.” CNN, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Yq3oUybvCA (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Russia targets Ukrainian energy & infrastructure: ‘Their high-precision missilesThe road-and-rail bridge linking Russia and the Crimean peninsula was damaged in a powerful blast on Saturday, hitting a crucial supply route for Russian forces in Ukraine. Russian officials said the explosion was caused by a truck that blew up while crossing the bridge, killing three people. President Vladimir Putin has branded the blast a “terrorist attack” orchestrated by Ukrainian security services and on Monday he ordered a wave of retaliatory strikes on Ukrainian cities including the capital Kyiv. For more on the latest escalation of the war, FRANCE 24 is joined by Inna Sovsun, Member of Ukrainian Parliament (Golos Party). FRANCE 24 English, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qfzXkNGar0 (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

NATO, G7 under pressure to boost support for Ukraine as Russian missile strikes continue. Ukrainian President Zelenskyy has called for increased pressure on Russia as well as military aid for Kyiv during a virtual meeting with leaders of G7 countries. NATO, whose defense ministers are set to meet in Brussels, is also under pressure to continue supplying Ukraine with increasingly sophisticated weapons while maintaining their own stockpiles up to alliance standards. Meanwhile, Russian missile strikes on Ukrainian cities continue: A school, a medical facility and residential buildings in the southern Ukrainian city of Zaporizhzhia were hit by a round of missile strikes on Tuesday, killing at least one person, according to local officials. Other cities have also come under fire. DW News, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBblCaWZjoA (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Ex-Russian FM lists Putin’s 3 major miscalculations in Ukraine Over the past 48 hours, at least 19 people have been killed and more than 100 injured after a new round of Russian attacks on Ukraine overnight. The targets include more than 20 Ukrainian cities and settlements. Former Russian Foreign Minister Andrei Kozyrev joins New Day to discuss. CNN, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHXUGBlr9_A(video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Adm. Stavridis: ‘This Is The Moment’ To Reconsider Giving Ukrainians ‘Tactical War-Fighting Jets’Former NATO Supreme Allied Commander Admiral James Stavridis and New York Times Chief White House Correspondent Peter Baker join Andrea Mitchell after Russia launched deadly strikes on Kyiv and other major cities across Ukraine. “This new move, I think, signals a change in Putin strategy, and it’s one that the West is going to have to react to,” says Stavridis. “This is the moment to revisit the idea of providing the Ukrainians tactical war-fighting jets, MIG-29s F-16s. Let’s let the Ukrainians control their skies. That’s the best way to stop this.” MSNBC, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UNRKL29yRc (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

See why Putin is losing his grip on former Soviet republics. Russia’s war in Ukraine is being felt across the former Soviet Union, where many countries are reacting in horror to the Kremlin’s destructive invasion. CNN’s Ivan Watson reports from Almaty, Kazakhstan. CNN, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tixYvbHgpDs (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Russian economy is close to collapse: Main reserve may be completely exhausted by 2024. The West has imposed unprecedented sanctions on Moscow since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The Kremlin is already in serious trouble. Although the main economic weapon – the introduction of an oil embargo – has not yet entered into force. By annexing Ukrainian territories and starting mobilization within the country, Vladimir Putin exacerbated the already difficult economic situation in the country. Putin says he “expects increased sanctions to put pressure on the Russian economy.” Our colleagues will tell you about the real state of affairs in Russia. UATV English, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXkcZ3SVsCs (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Muscovites react to Russian shelling of Ukrainian cities |The multiple strikes that have targeted cities across Ukraine amount to an “unacceptable escalation of the war,” UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has said, according to his spokesperson. Washington has joined the widespread condemnation of Russia’s assault on Ukrainian cities with President Joe Biden saying the strikes “demonstrate the utter brutality” of Russia’s “illegal war.”
Vitaliy Kim, the govenor of the southern Ukrainian region of Mykolaiv, told DW that Russia’s overnight air strikes across Ukraine are “a demonstration of weakness of the Russian army because they understood that they are losing their position.” DW News, 10 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtQOBpA4Fi0 (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Tensions rise as Russian men flee into Georgia – BBC NewsnightRussian President Vladimir Putin’s partial mobilisation has seen tens of thousands of men flee Russia into Georgia. Estimates suggest up to 10,000 men a day were making the journey at one point. Those who have made the trip have spent days waiting in a queue to cross the border, all to avoid fighting on the battlefield in Ukraine. But is the influx causing unease with local Georgians? With a troubled history going back to the 2008 Russo-Georgia war, some politicians are asking the government to end the open-door policy that allows Russians to stay in Georgia for up to a year without a visa. BBC Caucasus Correspondent Rayhan Demytrie reports on the situation on the ground and whether those who stay in Russia can resist the war from their own homeland. BBC Night News, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebSnkHxVefE (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Putin’s new military commander, General Surovikin, is a ‘nasty piece of work’ and “knows no limit to war,” international politics professor Scott Lucas tells Times Radio, 11 Oct 2022,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTiaFPB4Vbs (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Russian attacks on civilian targets won’t change outcome of this war | Military historian Lawrence Freedman: “They cause pain, they cause heartaches, but they don’t actually make a difference to the conclusion.” Times Radio , 10 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eo4zCHtu6jQ (video). Accessed 10 Oct 2022.

Belarus’ Lukashenko warns Ukraine, forms joint military group with Russia. Belarusian leader Alexander Lukashenko said Belarus and Russia will deploy a joint military task force in response to what he called an aggravation of tension on the country’s western borders, the state-run Belta news agency reported on Monday. Lukashenko said the two countries would deploy a regional military group, and had started pulling forces together two days ago, apparently after the explosion on Russia’s bridge to Crimea. FRANCE 24 English, 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKNnd5nt0_I (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

‘Putin has lost this war’ | Alexander Khara, former Advisor for the Minister of Defence of Ukraine, tells Times Radio: “Mr. Putin has strategically lost this war and he is under heavy criticism even in Russia.”
Russian forces, orcs and fascists are among those “dissatisfied” with Putin and the war. 11 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqUr6oiGmCw (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

US condemns ‘brutal’ Russian strikes on Ukraine – Russia has been widely condemned after bombarding cities across Ukraine, including launching missile strikes on the centre of Kyiv for the first time.
The US said the “brutal” attacks had hit non-military targets, including a university and children’s playground, and promised further military aid.
United Nations chief Antonio Guterres said he was “deeply shocked”.
Vladimir Putin said the attacks were retaliation for Saturday’s explosion on a key bridge linking Russia to Crimea. BBC News, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJcvm3_6xkE 11 Oct 2022, (video). Accessed 11 Oct 2022.

Ukraine Attack Ground Report | Putin Attacks On Ukraine News Live | Russia Ukraine War Updates LiveUkraine’s capital, Kyiv, and several other major cities have been hit in a barrage of missile attacks that hit civilian targets and killed several people, according to Ukrainian officials.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said his country had launched long-range missiles against Ukrainian energy, military and communications infrastructure. He said the barrage of missile fire on Monday was a response to “terrorist attacks” on Russian territory and warned an even harsher “response” could come. CNN – News 18, 10 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ScLuAzaOtN8 (video). Accessed 10 Oct 2022.

Putin: ‘Response will be harsh’ if attacks continue against Russia.Speaking at a Security Council meeting, Russian President Vladimir Putin again blamed Ukraine for the Kerch Bridge attack in Crimea, saying it is an “act of terrorism”.
He went on to warn: “If attacks continue against Russia, the response will be harsh.”
He admitted that “long-range missiles” had targeted Ukraine’s energy, military and communications facilities in a co-ordinated attack. SkyNews, 10 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qs3iffgtK9M (video). Accessed 10 Oct 2022.

President Putin accuses Ukraine of “terrorism” after Crimea bridge attack. BBC News, 9 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4eb9wClCmyM (video). Accessed 10 Oct 2022.

Putin’s dream of Russian victory slips away in Ukraine, by Sarah RainsfordBBC Eastern Europe correspondent, BBC, 6 Oct 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63160354. Accessed 7 Oct 2022.

Could a Black Sea naval escort lower inflation? “We’ve embraced globalisation but increasing global uncertainty means this post-Cold War presumption of ever closer economic and financial integration is fragmenting fast.” The UK should send naval ships to escort Ukrainian grain in order to lower inflation, says Tobias Ellwood. Times Radio, 6 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wrgd-x4ySuA (video). Accessed 6 Oct 2022.

Zelenskyy advisor rejects Kremlin’s call for talks.A senior advisor to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says nuclear threats from Vladimir Putin need to be taken seriously, but told DW’s Tim Sebastian that this is not the first time the Kremlin has sought to blackmail the world.
Ihor Zhovkva, who works in the president’s office in Kyiv, said the world’s nuclear powers needed to convince Putin to step back from nuclear threats as Russian forces continue to suffer setbacks in Ukraine — but that for now the only talks that will take place with the Kremlin are on the battlefield.
Zhovkva said that if Russia was serious about negotiations, it would not have conducted sham “referendums” in occupied Ukrainian regions and illegally annexed the territories. Zhovkva also underlined that Ukraine would continue to seek the prosecution of war criminals and the assistance of international organizations and partners to collect evidence. He said those Ukrainians who willingly collaborated with Russian occupiers would face punishment. Conflict Zone | DW News, 6 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W60hFt59hlk(video). Accessed 6 Oct 2022.

Russia-Ukraine war live: more explosions after missile strikes hit residential buildings in ZaporizhzhiaRussia hits southern Ukrainian city of Zaporizhzhia with seven rockets, flattening apartment building The Guardian, 6 Oct 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/oct/06/russia-ukraine-war-ukraine-retakes-more-settlements-in-kherson-zelenskiy-says-un-nuclear-chief-heads-to-kyiv-live (video). Accessed 6 Oct 2022.

EU agrees new sanctions on Russia amid nuclear threats | How real is Russia’s nuclear threat? The director of the CIA recently said there is no practical evidence of Russia being close to using nuclear weapons. Other western weapons monitors also say there’s no sign of Russia moving warheads out of their bunkers. But every Russian manoeuvre is being closely watched for any sign of whether Putin’s rhetoric will move into reality. DW News, 5 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4Gg33r-pks (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Russian TV journalist confirms she has gone on the run • EnglishRussian TV journalist Marina Ovsyannikova, famous for staging an on-air protest against Russia’s war in Ukraine, confirmed she had escaped house arrest over charges of spreading fake news again, saying she had no case to answer. FRANCE 24 , 5 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ1FLgDh9xs (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Zelenskyy: The Ukrainian army is carrying out a pretty fast advance in the south of our country. The President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy in his address said that according to the military reports from the Kherson region: the settlements of Lyubymivka, Khreshchenivka, Zolota Balka, Bilyaivka, Ukrainka, Velyka and Mala Oleksandrivka, and Davydiv Brid were liberated from the occupier and stabilized. ‘Our warriors do not stop. And it’s only a matter of time before we oust the occupier from all our land,’ Volodymyr Zelenskyy stressed. He’ve also held a series of important negotiations on October 4 – with the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi, leader of the Brothers of Italy political force that won the recent elections Giorgia Meloni and with U.S. President Joe Biden. For more details – watch full address. UATV English, 5 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIiAtW1iKNw (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Russia is about to become a failed state, former US Army major says. “He [Putin] has no friends. He’s a rogue nation on the verge of becoming a failed state.” Major John Spencer tells that not a single country supports Putin’s sham referenda, or annexations, pushing Russia to becoming a ‘failed state.’ Times Radio, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2_Tlumej8o (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Watch CNBC’s full interview with David Petraeus, former CIA director and retired army general. David Petraeus, a retired army general and former director of the CIA, speaks to CNBC’s Hadley Gamble about Europe’s energy crisis and the Russia-Ukraine war. CNBC international TV, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAhvmZhtW40 (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Russian defense ministry uses map confirming Russian losses. In a rare admission, Russia acknowledged losing ground on the battlefield in Ukraine. CNN’s Scott McLean reports. CNN, 5 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s21o3oV_oKM (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Ukraine regains more territory from Russia. Ukrainian forces have liberated a key village in the southern region of Kherson, forcing another Russian military retreat.

The defence ministry in Kyiv posted a video showing troops raising a Ukrainian flag above Davydiv Brid, amid reports of several other nearby villages being recaptured. Russian forces have already been forced to retreat in Ukraine’s north-east. They are now being pushed back in the south as well. BBCNews, 5 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hN8rS0tFvBM (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

A split in the Russian elite: how defeats at the front turned Putin’s associates against each otherDistance from Putin to save the wealth. The Kremlin elites are unhappy with Putin’s imperial ambitions and are looking for ways to get away from the Russian dictator. This was stated by Andriy Yusov, spokesman for the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. According to him, individual representatives of the Kremlin elite themselves are looking for channels of communication with the West and Ukraine. Our correspondent will tell about the mood of the military-political leadership of Russia. UATV English, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybFwxX0v9uo (video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Russian official calling on Putin to resign speaks to CNNMore than 200,000 Russian citizens have arrived in Kazakhstan since Russian President Vladimir Putin announced his partial mobilization order, according to Kazakh Interior Minister Marat Akhmetzhanov. One of them is Russian government official Dmitry Palyuga who is also calling on Vladimir Putin to resign. He spoke with CNN’s Erin Burnett. CNN, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=StaRdSVwnho(video). Accessed 5 Oct 2022.

Ukraine makes biggest breakthrough in south since war with Russia beganUkraine continues to be on a military roll. Its army has made its biggest breakthrough against Russian forces in the south of the country since the war there began.

Ukrainian troops are advancing near the southern city of Kherson after recapturing several villages in the region. They’ve also consolidated gains in the east.

Our International Editor Lindsey Hilsum has tracked the route of the Ukrainian counter-offensive from Izium toward Lyman – stopping in the villages of Yatskivka and Sviatogirsk along the way.
VChannel 4 News, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wcOIGfMULFc (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Russia’s latest nuclear dare to the West A military train has been spotted leaving Central Russia. Reports claim, the train is operated by a secret nuclear division of Russia – and it is headed for Ukraine. Is Russia planning a nuclear test on Ukraine’s borders?
Gravitas | WION, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0vZ0Tn9y7wg (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

How significant are the latest Ukrainian gains?Ukrainian forces have broken through Russian defenses in the south of the country while expanding their rapid offensive in the east. They are seizing back more territory in areas annexed by Russia and threatening supply lines for its troops.

Officials there installed by Moscow have acknowledged Ukraine’s advances in the Kherson region – one of four that Russia illegally annexed last week. Ukrainian troops are said to have gained territory as much as thirty kilometers away from where the front stood just days ago.

The latest gains are a big strategic victory for Ukraine, says András Rácz, a Senior Fellow at the German Council on Foreign Relations. DW’s Nick Connolly is in Kyiv and put the 03:28 latest Ukrainian gains into perspective.
What will Putin do next? Russia has taken steps to escalate the conflict – the illegal annexation of four more Ukrainian regions, the mobilization of new troops. Political analyst Liana Fix explains what impact the mobilization now underway in Russia will have on the battlefield after 07:23 Russia has been experiencing a series of military setbacks. She is a Fellow for Europe at the US think tank, the Council on Foreign Relations, and joins us from Washington, DC. DW News, Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bjVGuoAxRS4 (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Russia’s war in Europe. How will it proceed? How will it end? – Is the invasion of Ukraine a prelude to World War III?
– Is Russia ready to use nuclear weapons on Ukraine?
-What if the Kremlin announces the annexation of further Ukrainian territories and what are Putin’s next steps?
– Is there a chance to remove Putin from power and change in Russia towards democracy?
– How does Russian society view the war in Ukraine? Yuri Felshtinsky TVP World , 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuS60wwQmyE (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Zakaria: ‘We are witnessing the turning point’ in the Ukraine war| Ukrainian forces have pushed toward the occupied city of Kherson and captured the town of Zolota Balka on the western bank of the Dnipro River, according to a regional official and pro-Russian military blogger. CNN’s Fareed Zakaria says he thinks recent gains by the Ukrainian military are turning the tide of the war with Russia CNN, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Xb3ceZmy6Q (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Putin orders Nuclear Military Train to Ukraine front line | ‘Doomsday’ submarine in the Arctic | Spine-chilling video of a convoy transporting equipment for Russia’s nuclear forces. Nuclear military train ordered to the front line by Russian President Vladimir Putin. Grinding battle of attrition in Ukraine, an ominous nuclear operation in the works? Train linked to a unit that operates storage facilities for nukes. Reports also suggest the Belgorod nuclear submarine been deployed in the Arctic Circle. Hindustan Times, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41vE3MyfP4o (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Freedom always has a price – but are we willing to pay it? – How will European societies (with emphasis on Germany) behave if this war drags on and costs average citizens more and more? Price of war
– Germany’s role in the war in Ukraine
– The energy crisis – are Germany and Europe ready for a hard winter? | Julian Ropcke | TVP World, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbxlguYxEqA(video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

CIA director: Putin ‘dangerous and reckless’ if he is cornered, CIA Director Bill Burns told CBS in an interview. CNN, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERlJQuIY6Ug (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Russia Consulate Attacked In USA | New York News Live | New York City police are investigating after someone sprayed red paint across the facade of the Russian consulate. It happened on Friday. Police say it is being investigated as criminal mischief and deemed a possible bias incident. As of Monday, there were no arrests in the case, according to the NYPD. The vandalism in New York came as Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow signed treaties to illegally annex a large swath of eastern and southern Ukraine seven months after Russia invaded the country. CNN News 18, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgzauIkciIk (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

US considering responses if Putin uses nuclear weaponsWith concerns growing that Vladimir Putin will escalate Russia’s war in Ukraine, the US is considering how to respond to a range of potential scenarios, including fears that Russians could use tactical nuclear weapons, according to three sources briefed on the latest intelligence. CNN, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zthh2IHPt_E (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Bolton: Putin using nukes would be `signing his suicide note` | Russia continues to wage war in Ukraine and voted on Monday to annex four regions of the country. All the while, President Vladimir Putin continues to threaten the use of nuclear weapons. If he does, he`d be “signing his suicide note,” says former national security adviser John Bolton. He joined William Cohen, former defense secretary under Bill Clinton, to break down the latest on the ground in Ukraine and how the West should continue to respond. CUOMO | NewsNation, 3 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXs73q-3Xeg (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Russian submarine with nuclear torpedo leaves base | A Russian submarine said to be carrying a one-of-its-kind nuclear device has left its base near the Arctic Circle. An Italian newspaper says it got a leaked NATO warning saying officials are worried Russians may be testing out a torpedo capable of carrying nuclear weapons. Right now, though, there is no indication Russia is preparing for an explosive nuclear test. Morning in America | NewsNation, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3Gzy0mVM3w (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Ukraine makes breakthrough against Russia in south | Ukrainian troops have retaken more territory in regions illegally annexed by Russia. Ukraine’s forces have advanced near the southern city of Kherson and consolidated gains in the east. Russian-installed officials in Kherson confirmed the advance, but said Moscow’s forces were digging in. Ukrainian troops also moved towards Russian-held Luhansk in the east. BBC News, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2bK7MtqEK0(video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Uncovering Russia’s use of torture against prisoners of war| It isn’t much of a surprise to learn that the Russians are treating Ukrainian prisoners of war with utter brutality but the details uncovered this morning by the The Times War correspondent Anthony Loyd are still shocking. TimesRadio, 3 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5prj1GL6GuU (video). Accessed 3 Oct 2022.

Ukraine must take the fight to Russia to win the war, expert saysAn urban warfare expert has told Forces News that Ukrainian forces need to use a mix of integrated attack strategies in order to capitalise on Russian weaknesses. John Spencer says the Ukrainians will have to take the fight to the Russians if they are to win the war. Forces News, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZdtb7basro (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Will the war in Ukraine lead to the collapse of Russia? | The last few days will be permanently written in Ukrainian history. The illegal referendum held by Russia in the temporarily occupied territories only fuelled the willpower of Ukrainian defenders. On the same day Putin announced the results of the referendums, Volodymyr Zelensky announced that Ukraine had applied to join the structures of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. We will talk about the most important news coming from Ukraine with our special guest this evening: Kira Rudik – Member of Ukrainian Parliament. World Today – TVP World, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sio-ZObAP44 (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Bodies of Russian soldiers lie dead in the streets of key liberated Ukrainian city. WION, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/bodies-of-russian-soldiers-lie-dead-in-the-streets-of-key-liberated-ukrainian-city/ar-AA12zHYy?cvid=f4a32e429b844a2cfb5055bd2f047562&ocid=winp2sv1plustaskbarhoverent (viedo & text). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Ukraine recaptures more territory in the south and north-east | The advance in the south mirrors recent successes by Kyiv’s forces in the east, which have turned the tide in the war against Russia. It comes despite Moscow seeking to raise the stakes by illegally annexing territory, ordering a partial mobilization and threatening nuclear retaliation. Both the Ukrainian military breakthroughs set the stage for advances aimed at further cutting Russian supply lines. Kherson has been one of the most difficult battlefields for the Ukrainians. The region is one of four regions illegally annexed by Moscow last week after the rapidly so-called “referendums” that were orchestrated by the Kremlin. Western nations have slammed the referendums as sham votes, often conducted at gunpoint. DW News, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GjGdyVBagzc (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

‘Astonishing’: Ukraine Retakes Land Putin Said Would Be Russian ‘Forever’ Vladimir Putin celebrated his illegal land grab of four regions of Ukraine, Ukrainian forces were in the process of retaking more and more of that stolen territory back from Putin. That’s as support for Putin’s war in Ukraine continues to collapse inside Russia. MSNBC’s Jonathan Capehart discusses with Gen. Barry McCaffrey and TIME Magazine Senior Correspondent Simon Shuster. MSNBC, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ryLi5i4dao (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

“The Pressure On Putin Grows,” As Ukrainian Fighters Push Deeper Into Russian-Controlled Areas | Ukrainian fighters push deeper into Russian-controlled areas in the east, threatening to cut off Russian forces from supply lines and potentially deal another costly defeat to President Vladimir Putin. This comes just after Vladimir Putin announced Russia’s illegal annexation of four partially occupied Ukrainian regions: Donetsk and Luhansk in the east, and Kherson and Zaporizhzhia in the south. Former NATO Supreme Allied Commander, Admiral James Stavridis, and President of the Council on Foreign Relations, Richard Haass, join the conversation. MSNBC, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=maEF9vnnsLQ (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Russia loses full control of annexed regions after huge Ukraine gainsRussia has reportedly sacked the commander of its Western military district – the latest top official to be fired after a series of defeats in the war in Ukraine. Channel 4 News, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIXBqPXfJy4 (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Ukraine reports wins against Russia in territories Moscow says it annexed Ukraine is appearing to gain more ground in its counteroffensive against Russia. Reports from Russian-occupied cities indicate President Vladimir Putin’s attempt to officially claim more parts of Ukraine is not working. George Beebe, director of grand strategy at the Quincy Institute and a former director of Russia analysis at the CIA, discussed what the latest news out of Lyman and Kherson mean for the war in Ukraine. CBS, 4 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_P_MjmN7qj8 (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Why Lyman matters for Russia’s odds in the Ukraine War | Ukrainian forces are pushing ahead with their counteroffensive after recapturing a key eastern town from Russia. The Ukrainian military says it struck several Russian command posts and ammunition depots. Moscow’s defense military is also claiming to have destroyed Ukrainian missile depots.
President Zelenskyy says Lyman in the eastern Donetsk region has been quote “fully cleared” of Russian troops, who retreated from the town on Saturday. US defense minister Lloyd Austin said Ukraine’s victory in Lyman would be a strategic headache for Russia as it seeks to hold off the counteroffensive elsewhere.
DW News, 3 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGNYCCdatL0 (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Why Lyman matters for Russia’s odds in the Ukraine War | Ukrainian forces are pushing ahead with their counteroffensive after recapturing a key eastern town from Russia. The Ukrainian military says it struck several Russian command posts and ammunition depots. Moscow’s defense military is also claiming to have destroyed Ukrainian missile depots. President Zelenskyy says Lyman in the eastern Donetsk region has been quote “fully cleared” of Russian troops, who retreated from the town on Saturday. US defense minister Lloyd Austin said Ukraine’s victory in Lyman would be a strategic headache for Russia as it seeks to hold off the counteroffensive elsewhere. DW News, 2 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGNYCCdatL0 (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Retired Lieutenant General Mark Hertling says Putin has lost his relationship with reality | CNN, 2 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0lsnPg4FtU (video). Accessed 3 Oct 2022.

Inside Russia’s “Filtration Camps” in Eastern Ukraine Civilians describe being snatched from their homes and sent away for ideological screening, prolonged detention, and, in some cases, starvation and torture. Is there a larger plan at work? By David Kortava, The New Yorker, 3 Oct 2022, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/10/10/inside-russias-filtration-camps-in-eastern-ukraine. Accessed 3 Oct 2022.

Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 3 Oct 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_filtration_camps_for_Ukrainians. Accessed 3 Oct 2022.

Allegations of child abductions in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine that according to international law, including the 1948 Genocide Convention, constitute genocide. , 2 Oct 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegations_of_child_abductions_in_the_2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine. Accessed 3 Oct 2022.

Released Ukrainian prisoner of war reveals torment at the hands of Russians | Recent deals with Russia saw the release of 215 Ukrainian prisoners of war. Speaking for the first time to Sky’s Sally Lockwood, one former marine tells of being treated “like animals” – stripped, beaten, duct-taped, shocked and humiliated. By Sally Lockwood. SkyNews, 2 Oct 2022, https://news.sky.com/story/released-ukrainian-prisoner-of-war-reveals-torment-at-the-hands-of-russians-12709279 (video & text). Accessed 3 Oct 2022.

Putin’s threats are all he has left | Putin’s speech said one thing: “Russia is ready to sit at the negotiations table.” Anti-Western rhetoric in Putin’s annexation speech is ‘compensating’ for Russian losses, says his former speechwriter, Abbas Gallyamov. Times Radio , 1 Oct 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHf3MU97Ra8 (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Only an anti-Putin movement inside Russia can stop Putin | “We’re not going to see a swift end to this conflict in Ukraine unless something happens in Moscow, for instance, he’s removed by his own people.” The only way to stop the conflict is for ‘something to happen in Moscow’, says journalist Askold Krushelnycky Times Radio, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5kQauFyp52c (video). Accessed 4 Oct 2022.

Dozens killed in missile strike on Ukrainian civilian convoy | Russian missiles hit a convoy of vehicles carrying Ukrainian civilians near the southern city of Zaporizhzhia on Friday, killing and wounding several people, the regional governor has said. “So far, 23 dead and at least 50 wounded. All civilians,” Starukh wrote on the Telegram messaging app. Starukh said the people in the convoy had planned to travel into Russian-occupied territory to pick up their relatives and then take them to safety. Russia has always denied deliberately targeting civilians during its invasion of Ukraine — which it calls a “special military operation” — although Ukrainian towns and cities have come under frequent attack by Russian forces since the assault began on February 24. A pro-Kremlin official in Zaporizhzhia has denied the Russian army was behind the attack and said it was a “terrorist attack” by Ukrainian forces. DW News, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKhs7PbjzvU (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

Hear Putin’s announcement about citizens in newly annexed regions CNN international security editor Nick Paton Walsh reports on Vladimir Putin’s speech announcing the annexation of four areas of Ukraine that the West denounced as illegal. CNN, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGLL-l6qz-o (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

Hear what CNN reporter noticed about crowd watching Putin’s speech | Russian President Vladimir Putin said four occupied Ukrainian regions will become part of Russia “forever,” during his Kremlin speech that announced the illegal annexations. CNN’s Matthew Chance and Nick Paton Walsh react to Putin’s speech. CNN, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0H3vdNJ8oio (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

Putin annexes Ukraine territories as Zelenskyy wants Nato application fast-tracked | After a week that saw tens of thousands of Russians flee the country and the draft, President Putin peppered his triumphant speeches today with a world view that sounded as if he was already at war with the West.
The West responded with more sanctions and weapons, but this may not be enough. There is a growing danger that this war will burst its boundaries. Channel 4 News, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fa5u3gSriMI (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

Putin announces Russia will annex four regions of Ukraine Russian President Vladimir Putin has formally announced the Kremlin’s intention to annex nearly a fifth of Ukraine in blatant violation of international law. CNN News, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUxURsruSO8 (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

Russia’s messy mobilization drive puts Putin under pressure | As Moscow looks to carve out more Ukrainian territory it is also trying to bolster its forces with a partial mobilization order involving 300 thousand reservists — a move which has caused a flood of Russian men to flee to neighboring countries.

According to British military intelligence, the number of Russian military-age men fleeing “likely exceeds the size of the total invasion force Russia fielded in February 2022.”

Amid domestic criticism, Putin told Russia’s Security Council on Thursday that errors had been made in the mobilization.

Putin said Russian men mistakenly called up should be sent home and that only reservists with proper military training and specialties should be called to serve. DW News, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxj-FPGH5no (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

Putin’s mobilisation is ‘backfiring’ on him | Lord Richard Dannatt “What’s gone on in Ukraine, as far as most Russians are concerned, has been somebody else’s problem. But now mass mobilisation is everybody’s problem.”

Putin’s mobilisation is ‘backfiring’ on him and will see ‘more Russians getting killed’, Lord Richard Dannatt and Dr Domitilla Sagramoso TimesRadio, 30 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWCMYq8mevs (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

Putin’s annexations are ‘absolutely terrifying’ for Ukraine | Ukrainian MP Kira Rudik: “What Russians are committing in temporary occupied territories, they are killing people. This is terrifying.”

The mass graves and tortures discovered by Ukrainian forces after liberating land from Russia is what will happen again after the annexations TimesRadio, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79IMn0i0Ffw (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Dangerous escalation as Russia to forcibly annex large part of Ukraine Channel 4 News, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IlzH0CzPcyA (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Russia preps to annex Ukraine.| President Joe Biden slammed Russia’s referendum in Ukraine as “a sham” during a White House summit with Pacific Island nations. USA TODAY, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79IMn0i0Ffw (video). Accessed 30 Sept 2022.

U.S–Russia Relations, with Stephen Kotkin, Monterey Initiative in Russian Studies, 17 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVJ3Sn-t4yI (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

The Psychology of an Isolated Russia | David Remnick and the historian Steve Kotkin discuss Vladimir Putin and how authoritarian regimes are pushed into misguided foreign wars. The New Yorker, 11 Mar 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Mm3hgc1hhg (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

5 More Questions For Stephen Kotkin: Ukraine Edition: Peter Robinson asks Princeton Professor and Hoover Institution Senior Fellow Stephen Kotkin 5 questions about the Russian invasion of Ukraine. And as usual, his answers are concise, incisive, and analytic. Uncommon Knowledge with Peter Robinson , 3 Mar 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylaC0MUleZs (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Stephen Kotkin: Putin, Stalin, Hitler, Zelenskyy, and War in Ukraine | Lex Fridman Podcast #289, 25 May 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2a7CDKqWcZ0 (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Stephen Kotkin: Stalin, Putin, and the Nature of Power | Lex Fridman Podcast #63, 3 Jan 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCkkjnpS2f8 (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022. More videos with Stephen Kotkin

Why Does Joseph Stalin Matter? “Joseph Stalin, Soviet dictator, creator of great power, and destroyer of tens of millions of lives …” Thus begins this episode of Uncommon Knowledge, which dives into the biography of Joseph Stalin. This episode’s guest, Stephen Kotkin, author of Stalin: Waiting for Hitler, 1929-1941(https://www.amazon.com/Stalin-Waiting…, examines the political career of Joseph Stalin in the years leading up to World War II, his domination over the Soviet Union, and the terror he inspired by the Great Purge from 1936–38.
“Why does Joseph Stalin matter?” is a key question for Kotkin, as he explains the history of the Soviet Union and Stalin’s enduring impact on his country and the world. Kotkin argues that Stalin is the “gold standard for dictatorships” in regard to the amount of power he managed to obtain and wield throughout his lifetime. Stalin stands out because not only was he able to build a massive amount of military power, he managed to stay in power for three decades, much longer than any comparable dictator.
Kotkin and Robinson discuss collectivization and communism and how Stalin’s regime believed it had to eradicate capitalism within the USSR even in regions where capitalism was bringing economic success to the peasants, with the potential of destabilizing the regime. This led to the Great Purge, a campaign of political repression that resulted in the exile and execution of millions of people. Hoover Institution, 25 Jan 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhi2icRXbHo (video). Accessed 18 Oct 2022.

Apparent sabotage from Russia after gas line breaks. A fourth leak was confirmed in the critical Nord Stream pipeline as Putin closes in on his plan to illegally annex parts of Ukraine. , 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Ke6bD09vQ4 (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

‘Putin is a fool’: New York Times reveals audio of Russian soldiers phoning home • FRANCE 24, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxjyGVnAsdg (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Russia vs Ukraine War Update | UNSC LIVE | World Leaders Warn Putin | Putin Zelensky News Today LIVE CNN-News 18, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9j3neipdUE (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

How Putin is trying to salvage his “special military operation” | To the point | on DW News, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xXVZA8ABaIg (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

‘Unprecedented’ numbers of Russians flee Putin’s Mobilisation after Putin announced a mobilisation, says Russia Correspondent Marc Bennetts on Times Radio, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MoiDhYqd9Js (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Desperate Ukrainians flee Russian-occupied regions as forced conscription looms • FRANCE 24, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6wN6kQVXmI(video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Russia To Formally Annex Four Occupied Ukrainian Regions Friday, the Kremlin announced Thursday, in a major political escalation of the war against its neighbor. Ret. Adm. James Stavridis joins Morning Joe to discuss. MSNBC, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHjtoGaPuTs (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Fourth leak detected in Nord Stream pipelines; UN to convene on Friday over pipeline leaks | Unexplained leaks in the Nord Stream pipelines 1 and 2 that carries gas from Russia to Europe into the Baltic Sea continue to worry leaders across the globe. The gas leaks as a result of suspected sabotage has also heightened security concerns. WION, 29 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prdPN9D04dc (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

EU plans new Russia sanctions after sham ‘referendums’ | DW News, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uR80o5_1G-s (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

‘Complete and utter nuclear blackmail:’Russia expert Fiona Hill says Vladimir Putin believes the West will eventually capitulate, as he looks to regain lost momentum in his war on Ukraine. CNN, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1msgbhI9qc (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

War in Ukraine: Veteran Russian diplomat reveals Kremlin’s plan | Boris Bondarev was until May of 2022 a Russian diplomat working in the foreign ministry and posted to Moscow’s mission to the United Nations activities in Geneva. Conflict Zone, DW News, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IyZhzpq2GdQ (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

‘I don’t need this war and I don’t support Putin’: Russians make mass exodus | ABC, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00SeMTLTSWo (viedo). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Ukrainian woman reveals the question Russian soldiers ‘always’ asked. CNN senior international correspondent Ben Wedeman reports from Pisky, a town in Eastern Ukraine that has been partially liberated from Russian forces. CNN, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5IuEB4QOCxU (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

EU Tightens Screws On Putin Amid Referendums, Mobilisation & Nord Stream Damage: European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said the Kremlin-orchestrated referendums on joining Russia “are an illegal attempt to grab land and change international borders by force.” The commission president also said the EU should “lay the legal basis” for a price-cap on Russian oil, without elaborating. The bloc already agreed to ban sea-borne crude starting Dec. 5, but some member countries still require Russian supplies at low prices. CRUX, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-NJ4SeZHnE (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Referendum votes: Moscow claims victory in all regions; ‘No point talking to Putin,’ states Zelensky WION, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX_kUb1d1CI (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Putin on verge of international law violation, men flee potential | George Stephanopoulos, GMA, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3x8ZYJm88Fg (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Russia Protests LIVE | Protests In Russia Against Putin’s Call For Mobilization | English News LIVE: Protestors opposing mobilization clashed with police in the southern Russian region of Dagestan, underscoring the level of discontent with President Vladimir Putin’s decision to send hundreds of thousands more men to fight in Ukraine. Russia’s first military mobilisation since World War Two, announced by Putin on Wednesday, has triggered protests in dozens of cities across the country. Public anger has appeared to be particularly strong in poor ethnic minority regions like Dagestan, a Muslim-majority region located on the shores of the Caspian Sea in the mountainous north Caucasus. CNN-News 18, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-MxiGNkA4Y (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

WATCH LIVE: Senate Judiciary hearing on holding Russia accountable for war crimes in Ukraine PBS, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzI4H43NfoE (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

General Petraeus: Putin is desperate and in an irreversible situation | DW News, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ndxe9z_ru4 (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Ukrainians told to be ready to fight for Russia by Abdujalil Abdurasulov, BBC News, Kherson, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63049386. Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Russia-Ukraine war live: Kremlin-backed officials ask Putin to annex regions; EU announces new sanctions on Russia The Guardian, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/sep/28/russia-ukraine-war-live-news-west-rejects-referendum-results-nord-stream-sabotage-denounced. Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

‘The crisis has come to the the Baltic’ Defence and Security Analyst Professor Michael Clarke analyses the situation in the Baltic Sea concerning the Nord Stream 2 pipeline and gives an update on the mobilisation of both Russian and Ukrainian forces in Ukraine. SkyNews, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZZVHDfo_Qk (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

‘It’s clearly an act of sabotage’ Security and Defence Analyst Professor Michael Clarke comments on the leaks in the Nord Stream gas pipeline caused by what he says were “three explosions near the seabed” with Kay Burley, SkyNews, 28 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=agWlhvp4WIU (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Poland and the War in Ukraine: President and CEO, Dr. John J. Hamre, of the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) hosts His Excellency Zbigniew Rau, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland, for a public event to discuss Poland’s ongoing support for Ukraine in its current war with Russia, and the country’s larger role in the transatlantic security structure. The Minister of Foreign Affairs will make his own remarks, before engaging in a conversation with Max Bergmann, Director of the Europe Program and Stuart Center, about the recent developments in European geopolitics. Center for Strategic and International Studies, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YClHO2tbpk8 (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Zakaria explains what Putin’s nuclear threat tells us about him. CNN, 26 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5yXzCFs3JQ (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

What areas do Russia currently hold? Defence and Security Analyst Michael Clarke assesses the areas Russia currently holds in Ukraine forSkyNews, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lt9ANAX8uBk (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Blinken endorses PM Modi’s remarks to Putin on Ukraine War; U.S Secretary of State Antony Blinken has endorsed PM Narendra Modi’s message to Russian President Vladimir Putin on Ukraine War. Addressing a joint press conference with India’s External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, Blinken said that he entirely agreed with PM Modi’s remarks to Putin that this was not the era of wars. Blinken’s endorsement came as a sign of greater American appreciation for the Indian position on Ukraine. Hindustan Times, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88F22sPTqGs (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Satellite images show 10-mile line of cars fleeing Russia Thousands of Russians are heading for the borders fleeing Putin’s new draft orders. Finland’s Border Guard reports a 152% increase in Russians crossing the border over the last week. And new satellite images show a nearly 10-mile line of cars waiting to get into the country of Georgia. CNN’s Melissa Bell reports from the Georgia-Russia border for CNN, 27 Sept 2022, (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Polish FM: ‘Response Should Be Devastating’ If Russia Uses Nuclear Weapons Foreign Minister of Poland, Zbigniew Rau, says Vladimir Putin is not only losing the war in Ukraine but is also losing the support of the Russian people. NBC News, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L38m0FS0JC4 (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Secretary of State Antony Blinken: The 2022 60 Minutes Interview, Scott Pelley, 60 Minutes, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cU3rmlDgfbg. Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

More from Scott Pelley’s 60 Minutes interview with Secretary of State Antony Blinken , Scott Pelley, 60 Minutes, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLI1yx5Z0Lrv75Lp__gjOu2wBz5G_NrOFV (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Ukraine War: Putin has an ‘increasing problem at home’ – Lord Richard Dannatt, the Former Chief of the General Staff, says Russian President Vladimir Putin is running out of manpower and resources, as thousands of Russians flee the call up to fight. SkyNews, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anpxMESO-oE. Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Without giving details, Zelensky says Ukrainian military is moving forward on the frontline by Philip Wang, CNN, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-09-27-22/index.html. Accessed 27 Sept 2022.

What Mobilization Means for Russia:The End of Putin’s Bargain With the People by Michael Kimmage and Maria Lipman Foreign Affairs, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/russian-federation/what-mobilization-means-russia. Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Seismologists suspect explosions damaged undersea pipelines that carry Russian gas by Geoff Brumfiel and Rob Schmitz, NPR, 27 Sept 2022, https://www.npr.org/2022/09/27/1125401980/nord-stream-leaks-explosions-russia-natural-gas-sabotage. Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Former CIA Director John Brennan Responds To Putin’s Nuclear Threats with Andrea Mitchell, MSNBC, 26 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6IaSIxyFos (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Breaking down Russia and U.S. nuclear capabilities David Martin,60 Minutes, 25 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYYstZyiUlU (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Russia’s mobilization won’t fix its military problems: What Putin’s troop surge can — and can’t — do in Ukraine by Ellen Ioanes, Vox, 25 Sept 2022, https://www.vox.com/2022/9/25/23370489/russia-military-mobilization-ukraine-war-putin. Accessed 28 Sep 2022.

With Kalashnikov rifles, Russia drives the staged vote in Ukraine by David L. Stern and Robyn Dixon The Washington Post, 24 Sept 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/09/24/ukraine-putin-referendums/. Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Torture, Executions, Rape Among Russian War Crimes In Ukraine, UN Reportsby Nicholas Reimann, Forbes, 23 Sept 2022,https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicholasreimann/2022/09/23/torture-executions-rape-among-russian-war-crimes-in-ukraine-un-reports/?sh=5fea4e955210 . Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

Hodges: ‘I believe the Ukrainians have achieved irreversible momentum’ | Ben Hodges, former commander of US forces in Europe, tells DW News there’s “irreversible momentum” for Ukraine in the war with Russia. “In my view, the defeat of Russia, Ukrainian victory, which means total restoration of all of its sovereign territory, including Crimea, is inevitable.” DW News, 19 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bphrAXTWWJk (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

President Zelensky Says Ukraine Liberated 30 Settlements In Land Around KharkivUkraine is on the offensive and has and reclaimed nearly 1,000 square miles of land around Kharkiv, including the town of Izium, a strategically important railway hub. They reclaimed the largest wealth of Russian-controlled territory since April when the Ukrainian military pushed the Russian forces out of the outskirts of Kyiv. The Russians acknowledged pulling troops from Kharkiv, saying it was to redeploy them to the East. NBC News, 10 Sept 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F3IeWoANhl0 (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

This could make the Russia-Ukraine war global: Former military official: Retired Lt. Col. Daniel Davis joined ‘Fox News Live’ to discuss the latest on the Russia-Ukraine war and the withdrawal from Afghanistan. Fox News Live, 29 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Up75FNsWmUU (video). Accessed 29 Aug 2022.

“Russia needs to be humiliated,” Historian Dr. Sergey Radchenko draws similarities between the Cold War and the war on Ukraine with Alexis Conran , Times Radio, 27 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D56OB9Q6kB8 (video). Accessed 29 Aug 2022.

Dramatic moment: Top Russian Generals abandoned 20.000 soldiers to their fate in Ukraine!, Soft Power, 26 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bAV-db9NT5Y (video). Accessed 26 Aug 2022.

Death toll of Independence Day bombings rises to 25 | Ukraine latest DW News, 25 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cFozAq13EE (video). Accessed 26 Aug 2022.

Tragic triangle: Is Putin destroying Ukraine, Belarus and Russia? | To The Point DW News: To the Point, 25 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTNLPGupFks (video). Accessed 26 Aug 2022.

Great Victory: Ukrainian marines defeated the elite Russian battalion near Donetsk! , Armageddon TV, 25 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06CWoU0nR2Q (video). Accessed Aug 2022.

Low morale: Elite Russian soldiers refused to fight against Ukraine! US Daily Brie, 24 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVA5GRZqNt0 (video). Accessed 26 Aug 2022.

Ex-CIA director predicts what’s next in Russia-Ukraine war: Retired General and former CIA Director David Petraeus discusses the next phase of the war in Ukraine after Russia’s invasion six months ago. CNN, 24 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GK8CFuXExLw (video). Accessed 26 Aug 2022.

Russian Occupied Crimea is on Fire by Jake Broe, 16 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxbsKaHuaYs (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Boris: UK must continue to support Ukraine in Russia’s “hideous war”: In a video address to an international conference hosted by Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelenskyy, the Prime Minister said: “We will never recognise Russia’s annexation of Crimea or any other Ukrainian territory.“In the face of Putin’s assault we must continue to give our Ukrainian friends all the military, humanitarian, economic and diplomatic support that they need until Russia ends this hideous war and withdraws its forces from the entirety of Ukraine.” The Sun, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-Zb83Gr_lk (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Where Russia’s war with Ukraine stands after 6 months, Ukraine and Russia “seem to be losing” six months after the start of the war, said former Defense and State Department official Col. Steve Ganyard.ABC News, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=er452cCMgPU (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

First Russian troop to speak out publicly against Putin’s war. Hear what he has to say to Matthew Chance for CNN, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xcbffobzOWU (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Residents of Kyiv leave city amid fears of Russian attack | World News | WION, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUjldn2AP1k (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

US Warns of Fresh Russian Strikes Near Civilians Bloomberg Quicktake, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1ufcFPArdw (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

European Plan to Punish Russia Falling Apart? Firstpost, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9dpVT3mC9j4 (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Will there ever be a peace settlement between Russia and Ukraine? Nika Melkozerova New Voice Ukraine editor on TimesRadio, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4KNaYp7das (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Ukraine’s Defense Intelligence warns citizens to be “especially careful” on Aug. 23 and 24 due to threats CNN, 23 Aug 2022, https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-08-23-22/index.html. Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Ukraine’s New Army Of Volunteers, Armed With Shovels, Rebuild Bombed-Out Homes, NBC News’ Josh Lederman reports on how optimism in the war-torn countryside is speeding up rebuilding efforts in Ukraine, MSNBC, 22 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2XFAeWjEgdY (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Obscure group claims responsibility for Russian car bombing, DW News, 22 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDisvwsE98Y (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Russia appeals for new recruits to join Ukraine war effort, BBC News, 22 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDH2Up2MH3I. Accessed 23 Aug 2022 (video).

Zelensky announces new initiative to strengthen ties with Eastern European and Baltic countries, CNN, 22 Aug 2022, https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-08-22-22/index.html. Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Why Crimea Is a Focal Point in the Ukraine War, Wall Street Journal, 19 Aug 2022, https://www.wsj.com/video/series/news-explainers/why-crimea-is-a-focal-point-in-the-ukraine-war/BA9CC034-456E-47EC-B300-0F15C11F33B3. Accessed 23 Aug 2022 (video).

Ukraine takes credit for attack on Russian base, retired Lt. General Mark Hertling on CNN, 21 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l4mDxt84FOU (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Gravitas Plus: Cold War 2.0: Who will shape the new world order?, Palki Sharma on WION, 20 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-nHs-89PNA (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Ukraine’s Crimean fightback having ‘psychological impact’ on Russia, BBC News, 20 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uDSR4wV_zno (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022 .
Nato forces deployed to Latvia amid fears of Russian aggression, BBC News, 19 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2nMjKn8sto(video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Russians must be so firmly defeated ‘they’re not capable of attacking NATO countries’, retired US Army Chief of Staff General Jack Keane says the conflict against Russia which NATO has been preparing for “is here”THe Bolt Report, Sky News, Australia, 18 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3UkxPljdU6M (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

UN to meet Ukrainian officials and world leaders as counter-attack planned for Kherson, BBC News, 18 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ7ccrIFE-8 (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Russia ‘gets weaker every day’ of this war “If the troops in that Kherson Oblast can be cut off, they may give up. They don’t have a great cause they’re fighting for.” After Putin leaves 20,000 troops ‘stranded’ in Kherson, Major John Spencer tells #TimesRadio this could be a ‘major win’ if Ukraine cuts off their supplies. TimesRadio, 17 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLjftga0xgc (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Ukraine begins a shadow war against Russia, Palki Sharma on WION, 17 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9MU_KceQbUE (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

This is why Ukraine wins!“An Englishman, an Irishman, a Scotsman and an Aussie walked into a minefield….. And they cleared it!” These brave people that I met in Hostomel deal with the things I wouldn’t consider touching with my hands – I’m talking about shells, grenades, mines, and explosives. Together with other foreign volunteers they help us clean the area from the explosive remnants of the “russki peace” to make sure that Ukrainian children will be able to play outside without the risk of dying. Operator Starsky, 16 Aug 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYbtcYF4iO8 (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Threat of nuke disaster: Russian forces fire 80 rockets from nuclear plant site, Palki Sharma on WION, 11 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ei26V6Sr3v0 (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

War in Ukraine enters a dramatic new phaseCBS News foreign correspondent Charlie D’Agata reports from southeastern Ukraine, as Ukraine’s artillery and missile barrages continue to exact a heavy toll on Russian forces. Face the Nation, 14 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wd3LUxy_Nh0 (viedo). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

A coup in Ukraine?!: Operator Starsky provides a clear and concise explanation of the events, corruption and power struggles in Ukraine that preceded the Russian invasion of February. 9 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esR81nHY_V4 (video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Russians Are Snitching On Friends and Relatives Who Oppose the War, VICE News, 5 Aug 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3Z174zEnC8(video). Accessed 23 Aug 2022.

Ukraine war: How to spot the propaganda and fakes designed to manipulate us, DW News, 4 April 2022, https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-war-how-to-spot-the-propaganda-and-fakes-designed-to-manipulate-us/av-61408681. Accessed 26 July 2022.

War and Food Insecurity: New Survey Evidence from Ukraine by Ida Rudolfsen, Gudrun Østby, Henrikas Bartusevicius and Florian van Leeuwen for Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), 13 July 2022, https://blogs.prio.org/2022/07/war-and-food-insecurity-new-survey-evidence-from-ukraine/. Accessed 13 July 2022.

USDA will Partner with Ukraine to Strengthen Agricultural Collaboration and Fight Global Food Insecurity, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 16 June 2022, https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2022/06/16/usda-will-partner-ukraine-strengthen-agricultural-collaboration-and. Accessed 13 July 2022.

War in Ukraine drives global food crisis, World Food Programme, 24 June 2022, https://www.wfp.org/publications/war-ukraine-drives-global-food-crisis. Accessed 15 July 2022.

‘Killed in a fire’: Zelensky gives new details about his family’s Holocaust history by Philissa Cramer for The Times of Israel, 23 March 2022, https://archive.ph/VJJdv#selection-911.9-919.13 (video & text). Accessed 13 July 2022.

Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 140 Aljazeera, 13 July 2022, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/7/13/russia-ukraine-war-list-of-key-events-day-140 (video & text). Accessed 13 July 2022.

Meeting set to discuss Ukrainian grain exports; Iran set to supply Russia with drones, U.S. says by Holly Ellyatt and Natasha Turak for CNBC’s live blog tracking developments on the war in Ukraine, 12 July 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/12/russian-ukraine-war-updates.html. Accessed 12 July 2022.

Kyiv slams Russian citizenship decree by David Child, Linah Alsaafin, Sasha Petrova and Usaid Siddiqui for Aljazeera, 11 July 2022, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/7/11/russia-ukraine-live-news-no-pause-in-moscows-attacks-liveblog. Accessed 13 July 2022.

To Vilify Ukraine, The Kremlin Resorts to Antisemitism. , U.S Department of State, 11 July 2022, https://www.state.gov/disarming-disinformation/to-vilify-ukraine-the-kremlin-resorts-to-antisemitism/. Accessed 15 July 2022.

We will continue to act with our allies and partners in imposing costs on Russia if it continues its war of choice. Antony J. Blinken, Secretary of State, U.S Department of State, 11 July 2022, https://www.state.gov/latest-ukraine-updates/. Accessed 15 July 2022.

Kherson region plans referendum on joining Russia, Nick Connolly for DW, 8 July 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hodqsLT5cvo (video). Accessed 13 July 2022.

‘This is the hell that’s Lysychansk’, Special Correspondent Alex Crawford and her team drove into Lysychansk, an experience she describes as “riding into armageddon.” Sky News,, 4 July 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qfQAbxMTPF4 (video). Accessed 5 July 2022.

Have Ukrainians ‘ripped the guts out of Russia’s’ military? by Mark Galeotti, Times Radio, 3 July 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeVFYDBtkQ0 (video). Accessed 5 July 2022.

The New Phase Of The War In Ukraine, Vice News travels to the Kharkiv and Donbas regions of Eastern Ukraine to gain a clearer understanding of an ever-changing and volatile frontline in one of the world’s most brutal ongoing conflicts. 1 July 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fejo8cXMpSw&t=122s (video). Accessed 5 July 2022.

‘The war has blown up in Putin’s face’ says Ukraine strategic analyst Solomiia Bobrovska, Secretary of Committee on Foreign Affairs and Deputy Head of the Ukrainian Delegation in NATO. Times Radio, 1 July 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04uBx8ei0kI (video). Accessed 5 July 2022.

Russia-Ukraine war: new ‘iron curtain’ between Russia and west, Kremlin says, as Nato leaders pledge support to Kyiv The Guardian, 30 June 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/jun/30/russia-ukraine-war-nato-says-moscow-is-biggest-direct-threat-to-west-lysychansk-under-relentless-shelling-governor-says-live-news (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

Did Putin accidentally revive NATO?, CNN, 30 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecsEwkfEEh0 (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

80% of troops killed or injured in elite military unit, : says commander of an elite unit of Ukrainian marines has told Sky’s John Sparks the majority of his best trained troops have been injured or killed. SKY News, late June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UH2tiIx22u4 (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

Ukraine, Russia Conduct Biggest Exchange Of Prisoners Of War Since Invasion NBC News, 30 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9E-pp2Xzg_A (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

Why War in Ukraine is Causing Apocalyptic Famine, RealLifeLore, 30 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bupS-d_cAtk (viedo). Accessed 30 June 2022.

: NATO Expansion: Russia threatens to respond with nuclear missiles, Palki Sharma on WION, 29 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RD_veLfIEM (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

Ukraine war: Nato declares Russia ‘direct threat’ to security. In Madrid, the priority has been to show a united front and even before the doors opened on this massive exhibition hall, Turkey had been persuaded to drop its veto for Sweden and Finland joining Nato. Channel 4 News, 29 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eFVYz5_4iJY (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

Ukrainian Pres. Zelenskyy Interviewed by Richard Engel for Aspen Ideas Festival NBC News, 28 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEp1pA13GUE (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

‘I would not at all bet on Russia’: EU Commission President talks Ukraine war, President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, talks to Christiane Amanpour on the sidelines of the G7 summit about how the EU will support Ukraine in its fight against Russia. CNN, 28 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DOlGEcDKnhA (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

The causes and consequences of the Ukraine war, a lecture by John J. Mearsheimer at The Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qciVozNtCDM (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

Ukrainians set to withdraw from Sievierodonetsk Reuters, 24 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBixSAk_vKs (video). Accessed 24 June 2022.

Ukraine orders forces to withdraw from Sievierodonetsk, DW News, 24 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gXv0rHAkM4 (video). Accessed 24 June 2022.

Ukraine set to quit ruined Sievierodonetsk as Russians close in by Max Hunder and Tom Balmforth Reuters, 24 June 2022, https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraines-eu-candidacy-will-strengthen-europe-russia-threatens-freedom-zelenskiy-2022-06-24/. Accessed 24 June 2022.

Putin is not yet ready to end the Ukraine war. When he is, we must be prepared, by Jonathan Powell the Guardian, 23 June 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/jun/23/putin-not-ready-end-ukraine-war-prepared (video). Accessed 30 June 2022.

Ukraine set to be approved as EU candidate , Jessica Parker for BBC News, 23 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4d34YBp2eMs (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Watch Ukrainian troops fire US-supplied M777 Howitzers on Russian positions; Ben Wedeman looks at US weaponry on the front lines of Ukraine’s fight against Russia. CNN, 23 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ZV1TSo8I_I (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

U.S. long-range rocket systems arrive in Ukraine – minister Reuters, 23 June 2022,https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/us-long-range-rocket-systems-arrive-ukraine-minister-2022-06-23/ . Accessed 23 June 2022.

Why Ukraine’s Snake Island Is Key to Russia’s War Strategy, Wall Street Journal:, 23 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2eUDHph2vQ. Accessed 23 June 2022.

Half Russian separatist force in Ukraine ‘dead or wounded’ – BBC News, BBCNews, 22 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHOqj8L1t50 (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Fiona Hill on Russia, Ukraine, and the Outcome of the War Chicago Council on Global Affairs, May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hb_spyqwVXY&t=27s (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

U.S. long-range rocket systems arrive in Ukraine – minister Reuters, 23 June 2022,https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/us-long-range-rocket-systems-arrive-ukraine-minister-2022-06-23/ . Accessed 23 June 2022.

Ukraine begins first trial of Russian soldier charged with rape by Joanna Plucinska and Max Hunder, Reuters, 23 June 2022, https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-begin-first-trial-russian-soldier-accused-rape-2022-06-23/ (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Daughter of Russian opposition leader Alexey Navalny speaks out with CNN’s Jim Sciutto about the conditions her father faces after he was transferred to a maximum-security prison. CNN, 20 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bP-GKmS6L9I (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Pussy Riot Founder Debunks Putin’s New Lie About Ukraine War: Activist and artist Nadya Tolokonnikova, founder of Pussy Riot, talks with MSNBC’s Lawrence O’Donnell about her friend, Alexei Navalny’s transfer to a maximum-security prison, and Russian government propaganda. MSNBC, 20 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLSemhcmDZE (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Where is Alexei Navalny? Vladimir Putin’s biggest critic has vanished Herald Sun, 18 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mP8FatYrp48 (video). Accessed 23 June 2022. See articles re: Putin’s Poisons

Gen. Barry McCaffrey: ‘In The Long Run,’ Ukraine Invasion ‘Will Be A Strategic Disaster For Russia,’ Retired US Army Gen. Barry McCaffrey and Pentagon correspondent for the NYTimes Helene Cooper join Andrea Mitchell with their thoughts on the missing Americans who were fighting for Ukraine as well as what the future of the Ukrainian conflict may be. MSNBC, 20 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuHKFcZhmLo (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

What are Putin’s two main war goals? , Edward Lucas on TimesRadio, 23 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgd6dat5Wc4 (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Gen. Keane: This is going to be the tipping point re: two Americans captured in Ukraine, Fox Business, 20 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRXXb8KPDCI (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Ukraine ‘humiliating the Russians at the strategic level’ , Major General Rupert Jones on Times Radio, 23 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2Qp1jYtwLM (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Russia warns Lithuania of consequences over rail transit sanctions – BBC News, 23 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkGaNNj_nug(video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

What do we know about the situation in Lysychansk? | Ukraine Update with Rebecca Ritters on DW News, 23 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4nMgji0O-s (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Western sanctions start to bite in Russia’s aviation sector , DW Business, 22 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_J1RqUbjdg8 (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Putin: Russia will use nukes to defend sovereignty, Palki Sharma on WION, 22 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QmuJ2PkrvY (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Kremlin: Captured U.S. fighters committed crimes against Russian forces by Norah O’Donnell with CBS Evening News, 22 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yZLGLPUz6Y (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Putin’s latest words on Ukraine invasion were ‘moronic,’ “Putin says, ‘it was forced and necessary. It was a decision by a sovereign country, that has an unconditional right, based on the UN Charter, to defend its security’.” Chris Smith forSkyNews, 19 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nbZxiVMHfEA (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

‘Russians are not invincible’ , former Ukrainian defence minister Andriy Zagorodnyuk on Times Radio, 19 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t5vHCWSkIsA (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Putin’s speech was really a ‘house of cards’, Nick Holdsworth for FRANCE 24 English 17 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4IQHGD9bpg (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Russia tells BBC “we did not invade Ukraine” and there is “no war” there – BBC News , 16 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZtV0HsYzmg(video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

War in Ukraine reaches pivotal moment, intelligence officials say, CNN 16 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osNoLkzrtSA (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Words Matter: video vocabulary on Russian aggression and Ukraine by Iryna Matviyishyn@ IMatviyishyn, Twitter June 2022, https://twitter.com/ukraine_world/status/1493939556344815620 (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Russian gas flows to Europe fall short, threaten storage buildup by Nina Chestney, Reuters 17 June 2022, (text). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Ukraine is ‘defending all of us’ from Putin – Timothy Snyder Interviewed by Krishnan Guru-Murthy , Channel 4 News, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qdvjslwvIU (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Putin’s vision of Russia is not ‘desirable to almost anybody’ – Francis Fukuyama Interviewed by Krishnan Guru-Murthy, Channel 4 News, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AwuMMmUCw98 (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

France no longer receiving Russian gas via Nord Stream pipeline , RFI 17 June 2022, https://www.rfi.fr/en/france/20220617-france-no-longer-receiving-russian-gas-via-nord-stream-pipeline(video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

EU leaders support Ukraine’s membership bid Updates from BBC correspondents: Jessica Parker in Brussels, Joe Inwood and Nick Beake in Kyiv, Wyre Davies and Joel Gunter in Kharkiv, Orla Guerin in Donbas, and Steve Rosenberg in Moscow, BBC 17 June 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61839196 (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Germany’s Scholz says Zelensky will take part in G7 summit this month , The Times of Israel 16 June 2022, https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/germanys-scholz-says-zelensky-will-take-part-in-g7-summit-this-month/ (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Execution-Happy Russia Snatches American Fighters in Ukraine by Allison Quinn , The Daily Beast, updated 16 June 2022, https://www.thedailybeast.com/american-fighters-are-captured-in-ukraine-as-russia-urges-death-penalty-for-war-prisoners (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Mikhail Baryshnikov on criticizing Vladimir Putin: “I will be 75 years old. What have I to lose?”, CBS News, 16 June 2022, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mikhail-baryshnikov-on-criticizing-vladimir-putin/ (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Ukraine’s Zelenskyy Claims Total Russian Deaths Will Pass 40,000 In June, NBC 15 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozzzXK4GtLc (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

Breaking down the additional $1 billion in aid the U.S. is sending to Ukraine by Eleanor Watson, CBS 15 June 2022, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ukraine-american-aid-1-billion-biden/ (video & text). Accessed 17 June 2022.

War in Ukraine: Your questions answered,Professor Michael Clarke answers questions on the war in Ukraine, including how long the conflict could continue, how much more aid the West may need to give and the true state of Putin’s health on SkyNews, 15 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJLC6YQOqHA (video). Accessed 15 June 2022.

Russian President Vladimir Putin’s Top Commander Goes Missing In Ukraine | Russia Ukraine War India Today, 2 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TY-vAheww8M (video). Accessed 15 June 2022.

Germany sends huge warning to Putin as ‘territorial command’ launched to protect border , Express 13 June 2022, https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1624735/germany-launch-territorial-command-protect-border-russian-invasion-ukraine-putin-scholz (video & text). Accessed 17 June 2022.

See what’s happening near the front lines of Putin’s war
by Ben Wedeman for CNN, 11 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NuS_LhL73tY (video). Accessed 15 June 2022.

Why Russia Must Suffer A ‘Devastating Defeat’ In Ukraine “It is time to stop worrying about sparing Putin’s feelings.” That is the mind-set that led to the invasion of Ukraine in the first place,” writes Max Boot in a new Washington Post column. Boot joins Morning Joe to discuss along with Katty Kay on MSNBC’s Morning Joe, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6yDUG1Zepo (video). Accessed 15 June 2022.

Putin says ‘thank God’ European companies are leaving Russia, Daily Mail 3 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2ZBw5y8Fqo (video). Accessed 17 June 2022.

One Hundred Days of the Kremlin’s War Against Ukraine Press Statement by Antony J. Blinken, Secretary of State, 3 June 2022, https://www.state.gov/one-hundred-days-of-the-kremlins-war-against-ukraine/. Accessed 15 June 2022.

Gen. Keane on Ukraine War: This took far too long: Senior strategic analyst General Jack Keane unpacks developments in the Ukraine war as the U.S. sends Ukraine advanced rocket systems. Fox News, 2 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=js9113hkkO8 (video). Accessed 3 June 2022.

War in Ukraine: Fighting continues in Sievierodonetsk DW News, 3 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KfI5J8OVxxU (video). Accessed 3 June 2022.

Analyst breaks down what Putin’s meeting with African leader means.Russian President Vladimir Putin and his Senegalese counterpart Macky Sall, who is also chair of the African Union, discussed the ongoing food and grain crisis, as well as economic and humanitarian cooperation, during a meeting in the Russian city of Sochi, according to the Kremlin. CNN, 2 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1mt3ViRVq0 (video). Accessed 2 June 2022.

Hear Zelensky’s message on 100th day of war in Ukraine Ben Wedeman reporting for CNN, 3 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbNLjPQiHGI (video). Accessed June 2022.

Putin’s Forces Suffer Losses In Donbas l Missile Strike On Sumy l Zelensky Confident Of Victory CRUX, 3 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4_jsJNf-nY (video). Accessed 3 June 2022.

The Sun, 2 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtmtSJSh5sk(video). Accessed 3 June 2022.

Russian Forces Gain Ground In Eastern Ukraine Some Ukrainian volunteers drove 17 hours to bring bread and other staples to villages where people have little to no food or medicine. NBC News Online, 2 June 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAR-hX8tbQU (video). Accessed 3 June 2022.

Putin says Ukrainian grain can be exported through Belarus Reuters, 3 June 2022, https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/putin-says-people-trying-blame-russia-global-food-problems-2022-06-03/. Accessed 3 June 2022.

President Putin sacks five generals and one police colonel Pravda, 1 June 2022, https://english.pravda.ru/news/russia/152176-putin_sacks_generals/. Accessed 3 June 2022.

Could Putin go nuclear? “Of course he would!,” says US national security council former adviser Fiona Hill, adding that he “is making the world unsafe for everyone.” Times Radio, May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIhDeP-eK1Y (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Two Russian soldiers plead guilty in war crimes trial by Erin Doherty AXIOS, 26 May 2022, https://www.axios.com/2022/05/26/russian-soldiers-plead-guilty-war-crimes-ukraine. Accessed 26 May 2022.

Putin’s Pivot to a “Really Big War” in Ukraine: As his invasion enters its fourth month, the Russian leader is preparing for the long haul. Meanwhile, the military is chattering about its losses, and putting out calls for supplies on Telegram by Isaac Chotiner The New Yorker , 24 May 2022, https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/putins-pivot-to-a-really-big-war-in-ukraine. Accessed 26 May 2022.

Putin’s Puppets Can’t Stop Bitching About the Grueling Cost of His War The Kremlin mouthpieces who hyped up the war in Ukraine are now having a pity party over the crushing impact the conflict has had on Russia by Julia Davis Daily Beast, 26 May 2022, https://www.thedailybeast.com/russian-state-media-wont-stop-complaining-about-the-grueling-cost-of-vladimir-putins-war-in-ukraine?source=articles&via=rss. Accessed 26 May 2022.

Putin’s Elite Soldiers Getting Wiped Out as Russia Makes Mistakes—U.K. by Brendan Cole Newsweek, 26 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/putin-s-elite-soldiers-getting-wiped-out-as-russia-makes-mistakes-u-k/ar-AAXKtuR?cvid=a8b4eacd4f284e8ab51f9f5976e88739&ocid=winp2sv1plusent. Accessed 26 May 2022.

‘People of Ukraine know your pain’: Volodymyr Zelenskyy offers condolences after Texas school shooting by Scott Gleeson, USA TODAY, 25 May 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2022/05/25/ukraine-volodymyr-zelenskyy-texas-shooting-uvalde/9922852002/. Accessed 25 May 2022.

Zelenskyy rejects Kissinger plan to concede territory to Russia; Ukraine hero alive, in Russian custody by Jorge L. Ortiz and John Bacon, USA TODAY/i>, 25 May 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/05/25/ukraine-russia-invasion-live-updates/9916925002/. Accessed 25 May 2022.

200 bodies found in bombed Mariupol building; Kissinger urges Ukraine to give up disputed territory to end war by John Bacon, Jorge L. Ortiz and Celina Tebor, USA TODAY, 24 May 2022, . Accessed 25 May 2022.

Mariupol death toll at 22,000, says mayor’s adviser by Saskya Vandoorne and Melissa Bell in Kyiv, CNN, 24 May 2022, https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-05-25-22/h_2ad9e6d653b92f03fc7f19312c17d7e9. Accessed 25 May 2022.

Zelenskiy: Ukraine Suffers High Casualties in Donbas Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy shed a light on the human cost of the battle raging in Donbas, eastern Ukraine. Bloomberg Quicktake: Now, 23 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcG6CNeAUDU (video ). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Ukraine rules out ceasefire and ceding territory; Polish president addresses Ukrainian lawmakers by Natasha Turak and Tanaya Macheel, CNBC, 23 May 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/22/russia-ukraine-live-updates.html. Accessed 23 May 2022.

Russian soldier Vadim Shishimarin jailed for life over war crime by Patrick Jackson, BBC News,23 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61549569. Accessed 23 May 2022.

‘I felt guilty’: Russian officer fighting in Ukraine resigns his post Suzanne Malveaux reports, CNN, 23 May 2022, https://www.cnn.com/videos/world/2022/05/22/russia-officer-quits-ukraine-war-malveaux-sot-nr-vpx.cnn (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Russian assault on key Donbas city intensifies by Matt Murphy, BBC News, 23 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61547756. Accessed 23 May 2022.

‘Putin will have to rethink his strategy’ Putin can’t win a military war with Ukraine, says Vadym Prystaiko, Ukraine ambassador to the UK. Putin “is still throwing more and more lives of Russian soldiers into this meat grinder.” Times Radio, 22 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ts0P9dxWkA4 (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

All eyes on the Donbas as Germany sends tanks to help Ukraine by Michael Clarke, Sky News, 22 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPdEYrNa_Ig (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Satellite image leads to horrifying conclusion The US company Planet is taking revealing satellite images of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. CNN’s Gary Tuchman reports. CNN, 22 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOOnD5UNHS8 (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Three Signs Putin May Be Reassessing His Plans: Tom Nichols “…[T]here are signs that some kind of Russian reassessment might be underway” in Ukraine, writes Tom Nichols in a new Atlantic piece. Nichols joins Morning Joe to discuss. MSNBC, 22 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MH8N0bHVwuw (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Could Putin’s regime collapse from losses in Ukraine? Carole Walker interviews General Petraeus, TimesRadio, 19 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IckejBylBk (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Retired general explains the difference in the Russian way of waging war Retired Lt. Gen. Mark Hertling reacts to Russia’s continued attacks on Ukraine including a missile strike on a cultural center in the Kharkiv region of the country, CNN, 22 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u17q-q8b1uo (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Ukraine peace deal: Kyiv rules out ceding land to Russia, BBC News, 22 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61542090. Accessed 23 May 2022.

Russian officer reveals why he quit Putin’s war CNN, 22 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mbwls1iJLWw (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

All eyes on the Donbas as Germany sends tanks to help Ukraine Russian troops have secured the land bridge from Crimea to the Donbas, which will prove difficult for Ukraine to take back. In April, Germany committed tanks to the war in Ukraine with 15 set to arrive in July. Sky News, 21 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPdEYrNa_Ig (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Captured medic’s bodycam footage shows horror of Mariupol, Sky News, 19 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7qDqx4hKKI (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

The volunteer drivers risking their lives to save others by Carrie Davies BBC News, Odesa, Ukraine, 21 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61511446. Accessed 23 May 2022.

‘I’m smiling’: Ret. Lt. Gen. Hertling reacts to Putin news Ret. Lt. Gen. Mark Hertling joins Ana Cabrera to discuss reports that Russian President Vladimir Putin is making tactical military decisions in Russia’s months-long war in Ukraine. CNN, 20 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTPcialsrZA (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Russian Fleet U.S. Plans to Destroy Has Missiles Ready to Fire: Ukraine by Adam Staten, Newsweek, 20 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/russian-fleet-u-s-plans-to-destroy-has-missiles-ready-to-fire-ukraine/ar-AAXx0pw?ocid=winp1taskbar&cvid=f875da85f5e64f84f36ab6b09477cb41. Accessed 20 May 2022.

Vladimir Putin ‘surrounded by doctors around the clock to monitor mystery illnesses’ by Jordan King, METRO, 20 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/world/vladimir-putin-surrounded-by-doctors-around-the-clock-to-monitor-mystery-illnesses/ar-AAXvZPt?ocid=BingNewsSearch. Accessed 20 May 2022.

See former Russian colonel’s big change after criticizing Putin’s war on state TV Mikhail Khodarenok, a former Russian colonel, criticized Putin’s invasion of Ukraine on state TV but backtracked and had a remarkably different tone later. CNN’s Matthew Chance reports, CNN, 19 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVHctkpNu24 (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Russia State TV Stands by Nuclear Threat: Ireland is ‘Collateral Damage’ by
Jon Jackson , Newsweeek, 18 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/russia-state-tv-stands-by-nuclear-threat-ireland-is-collateral-damage/ar-AAXr1w2?ocid=winp1taskbar&cvid=d2a1868878fc4a81a5b591e225e378c1. Accessed 19 May 2022.

Nikolai Patrushev: Putin’s powerful, right-hand man and possible successor by Zaleb, Daily Digest, 18 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/nikolai-patrushev-putin-s-powerful-right-hand-man-and-possible-successor/ss-AAX3VCb?ocid=00000000&cvid=a752b0dd048d45c695e9022637141572. Accessed 19 May 2022.

Pinned down by Russian fire in key frontline village by Quentin Sommerville near Izyum, eastern Ukraine, BBC News, 17 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61460790. Accessed 23 May 2022.

Is a short war possible in Ukraine? “Putin then as he is may well escalate at that time.” Retired Major General Chip Chapman discusses how Putin might react to a Russian military collapse as the Ukrainian counter-offensive gains momentum on Times Radio., 18 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mY_VUIAOmN4 (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Nuclear Bomb Blast Map Shows What Would Happen if One Detonated Near You by Aristos Georgiou – Monday , Newsweek, 16 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/nuclear-bomb-blast-map-shows-what-would-happen-if-one-detonated-near-you/ar-AAXkL1e?ocid=00000000&cvid=a752b0dd048d45c695e9022637141572. Accessed 19 May 2022.

Russia threatens to nuke Britain and Finland in “seconds,” Russia has accused the West of launching a “total hybrid war” against it – after threatening to nuke the UK and Finland in “seconds”. news.com.au, 16 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkXbLxtQg5Q (video). Accessed 19 May 2022.

Tony Blair explains what he thinks changed Putin: Former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair recounts his first meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin and how he changed from “Western-facing” to “cold and calculating.”, CNN, 16 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNZ41bIxMbc (video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

Zelensky: Russian troops at ‘dead end’, The Hill, 16 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/zelensky-russian-troops-at-dead-end/ar-AAXkF6A?ocid=winp1taskbar&cvid=b53e869c5c794822a6f6710870c2182c. Accessed 16 May 2022.

Ukraine can win this war, NATO chief says; Finland and Sweden move to join military alliance by Holly Ellyatt, CNBC, 16 May 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/16/russia-ukraine-live-updates.html (video & text). Accessed 16 May 2022.

Sweden joins Finland in NATO bid; troops defending Kharkiv reach border Sweden’s prime minister announced Monday the country would drop its long-held nonaligned status and apply to join the Transatlantic military alliance. NBC News, 16 May 2022, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/russia-ukraine-war-live-updates-sweden-finland-nato-membership-rcna28954 (video & text). Accessed 16 May 2022.

Ukraine says Russia attempt in north repelled, AP News, 16 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-travel-donetsk-8b040a286b808cf1c8465fd666ad0435. Accessed 16 May 2022.

McDonald’s to sell its Russian business, try to keep workers by David Koenig, AP News, 16 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-2f6b8fc85d7b06090b9922e74a2445a7. Accessed 16 May 2022.

In Ukraine and internationally, scenario darkens for Russia by Oleksandr Stashevskyi and Ciaran McQuillan, AP News, 16 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-kyiv-moscow-6dc968ea8d353132bd8b8cb58b04734c. Accessed 16 May 2022.

Nikolai Patrushev: Putin’s powerful, right-hand man and possible successor, Daily Digest, 18 May 2022, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/nikolai-patrushev-putin-s-powerful-right-hand-man-and-possible-successor/ss-AAX3VCb?ocid=00000000&cvid=a752b0dd048d45c695e9022637141572. Accessed 19 May 2022.

Russian troops leave ‘deranged’ signs in Ukrainian towns, CNN’s Nick Paton Walsh reports from towns in Northern Ukraine after Russian troops retreated. CNN, 15 May 2022, (video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

‘Very dangerous point’: Former British Commander makes chilling WWIII claim: Former British Commander Richard Kemp says “we’re probably closer to World War Three than we’ve ever been”. Outsideres on Sky News Australia, 15 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SevEcH0AXIc (video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

Finland’s president reveals what Putin told him on phone call, CNN, 15 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVU7TUBZki8 (video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

Russian officers ‘kill own wounded soldiers rather than treat them’ say POWs This chilling account comes from army intelligence troops captured by the Ukrainians. They are shown speaking in a video clip made by Ukrainian journalist Volodymyr Zolkin. The Sun, 17 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qV5H6zsieM (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Is Putin sick? by Michael Weiss, Times Radio, 15 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0Q54DoS_38 (video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

Cyberattack on Lviv: Russians stole and published city council files by Kateryna Tyshchenko, Ukrayinska Pravda, 15 May 2022, https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/05/15/7346414/. Accessed 16 May 2022.

McConnell urges Biden to name Russia a state sponsor of terrorism by Alexander Bolton, The Hill, 15 May 2022, https://thehill.com/news/senate/3489027-mcconnell-urges-biden-to-name-russia-a-state-sponsor-of-terrorism/ (text & video). Accessed 16May 2022.

Ukraine: Russians withdraw from around Kharkiv, batter east by Oleksandr Stashevskyi and David Keyton , AP News, 15 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-kyiv-war-crimes-4cc0ea6b166aa0fd9fb1306f280739fc (text & video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

What would the USA do if Russia attacks Poland and what has Biden said about it? : President Biden has said that NATO’s Article 5 is a “sacred obligation” and the full force of American power “will defend every inch of NATO territory.” by Ggreg Heilman, Prisa, 14 May 2022, 16 https://en.as.com/en/2022/03/15/latest_news/1647308284_300192.html. Accessed May 2022.

First Ukraine war crimes trial with Russian sergeant, 21, accused of killing civilian ITV News, 13 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wuh_szsdNqY (video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

U.S. Warns ‘Full Force’ of NATO Would Respond if Russia Hits Poland by Paul Kiernan, The Wall Street Journal, 13 May 2022, https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/russia-ukraine-latest-news-2022-03-11/card/u-s-warns-full-force-of-nato-would-respond-if-russia-hits-poland-zEmQR8bzJCRx5QiKilww. Accessed 16 May 2022.

U.N. told “credible” claims of sexual violence against children as Russia’s war drives a third of Ukrainians from their homes by Pamela Falk, CBS, 13 May 2022, https://www.CBSnews.com/news/ukraine-news-russia-war-children-sexual-violence-un-displaced-refugees/. Accessed 16 May 2022.

Putin: Jonny Dymond tells the extraordinary and revealing story of Vladimir Putin’s life with the help of guests who have watched, studied and dealt with the Russian president, 11 episodes,BBCSounds, 15 Mar 2020, https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m0015nfc (audio). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Zelenskiy thanks visiting US senators and says Donbas situation is ‘very difficult’ – as it happened, The Guardian, 14 May 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/may/14/russia-ukraine-war-ukrainian-forces-continue-kharkiv-pushback-difficult-negotiations-on-mariupol-evacuations-underway-zelenskiy-says-live (text & video). Accessed 16 May 2022.

Ukraine aiming to arm a million people:Updates fromBBCcorrespondents: Sarah Rainsford and James Waterhouse in Kyiv, Laura Bicker in Donbas, Lyse Doucet and Hugo Bachega in Dnipro, Joe Inwood and Sophie Williams in Lviv, Caroline Davies in Odesa, and Steve Rosenberg in Moscow , BBC News, 13 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61404062. Accessed 13 May 2022.

Russia pushed back from Kharkiv – report from front line by Quentin Sommerville, BBC News, Kharkiv, 13 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61378196. Accessed 13 May 2022.

Watch CNN’s exclusive report on Russian general who oversaw atrocities: The US and international community has accused Russia of war crimes in Ukraine as Russian artillery has devastated Ukrainian cities and lives. But it has been difficult to associate specific generals to specific crimes, the key to actually carrying out war crimes prosecutions. In Kharkiv, CNN has seen the aftermath of attacks targeting civilians using indiscriminate cluster munitions — a war crime. In a two-month-long investigation, CNN can reveal the commander responsible for these attacks. CNN’s Nima Elbagir reports. , CNN, 13 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGdRYGETTnk (video). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Ukraine begins first war crimes trial of Russian soldier, BBC News, 13 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61441907. Accessed 13 May 2022.

UK adds Putin’s former wife to sanctions list by Patrick Jackson, BBC News, 13 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-61439524. Accessed 13 May 2022.

Ukraine hits Russian ship in Black Sea, fighting around around snake island Ukrainian forces have reportedly attacked a Russian logistics support vessel in the black sea. Ukraine has claimed to have damaged the Russian ship near Snake Island, it is a small but strategic outpost in the Black Sea. WION, 13 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gESVCmH5lr8 (video). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Ukraine making steady progress around Kharkiv Fighting was intense around the northeastern city of Kharkiv on Friday as Ukrainian forces were making relatively steady progress in the region, according to a FRANCE 24’s Nadia Massih reporting from the country’s second-largest city. FRANCE 24, 13 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6p6-dZbdmk (video). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Torture, deportation and death: The stories bearing witness to the horrors of Mariupol The southern port city of of Mariupol has become a symbol of the horrors of Russia’s aggression, with at least 20,000 civilians believed to have died there as of April 14, a number that is expected to have risen significantly. ITV News, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjdyHVP2hhE (video). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Russian threatens to retaliate as Finland moves to join NATO, The News with Shepard Smith, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZfqa22UhlM (video). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Putin critic explains how she sneaked out of Russia: Pussy Riot member, Maria “Masha” Alyokhina, escaped Russia by dressing as a food delivery courier, traveled to Lithuania, Anderson Cooper on CNN, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nO-fri5mM5k (video). Accessed May 2022.

Pussy Riot’s defiance of Putin’s Russia, 60 Minutes Archive, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qvapXchQv_k (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Kharkiv massacre. Ukrainian Army went on the counter-offensive. The enemy is running…In Kharkiv region the occupier forces are thrown back to the border leaving hundreds of dead russians on the battlefields. UATV English, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KcvOdkmUQEY (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Ukraine war: Visiting liberated villages in the east Alex Rossi reports from Staryi Saltiv in eastern Ukraine which was recently liberated after being held for several months by Russian military units. Sky News, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHbbs131QL8 (video). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 78: As the Russia-Ukraine war enters its 78th day, we take a look at the main developments. NPR, 12 May 2022, https://www.npr.org/live-updates/russia-ukraine-air-war-eurovision-2022-05-11 (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

How did Russia lose an ‘entire battalion’ crossing a Ukrainian bridge? Ayesha Hazarika talks to retired US Army officer Ben Hodges about what might have happened. Times Radio, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pI3aYCK_rfE (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Russian soldiers caught on camera killing Ukrainian civilians. When Leonid Pliats and his boss were shot in the back by Russian soldiers, the killing was captured on CCTV cameras in clear and terrible detail. The footage, which was obtained by the BBC, is now being investigated by Ukrainian prosecutors as a suspected war crime. BBC News, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GUrNPPTSWM. Accessed May 2022.

UK official shows seized jet and yacht of Russian oligarchs. CNN’s Jim Sciutto speaks with the UK Secretary of State for Transport Grant Shapps about the new round of sanctions leveled against Russia, Russian media disinformation and targeting allies of Russian President Vladimir Putin.CNN, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDje_cjm3SE (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Pentagon: Russians Making Incremental Progress At Best In Ukraine MSNBC, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJ4zN643dj0 (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

How is the Ukraine war redefining future conflict?, BBC Newsnight, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTQ5ZGHV9Zs (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Ukraine War: The impact of Finland and Sweden joining NATO, Louise Jones, former British Army officer and and Head of Intelligence at McKenzie Intelligence Services analyses the implications of Finland and Sweden joining the alliance. Sky News, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaGAR-0TIkw. Accessed 12 May 2022.

WAR CRIMES PROSECUTION WATCH, scroll down for links to archives of their a bi-weekly e-newsletter that compiles official documents and articles from major news sources detailing and analyzing salient issues pertaining to the investigation and prosecution of war crimes throughout the world. PILPG: A Global Pro Bono Law Firm, https://www.publicinternationallawandpolicygroup.org/war-crime-watch. Accessed 12 May 2022.

Ukraine goes on the counteroffensive as Russians fall back by John Psaropoulos , ALJAZEERA, 12 May 2022, https://www.ALJAZEERA.com/news/2022/5/12/ukraine-goes-on-the-counteroffensive-as-russians-falls-back. Accessed 12 May 2022.

Ukraine hunts down ‘traitors’ helping Russia, Associated Press, May 2022,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OR_E8dvyaOI (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Henry Kissinger: ‘We are now living in a totally new era,’ The FT’s US national editor, Edward Luce, talks to former US secretary of state, Henry Kissinger, about Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine and the spectre of nuclear war. Read more at https://on.ft.com/3P8hTKS, Financial Times, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6b89jcNqgJo (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

How Ukraine war ‘unsettles’ China, Director of the CIA, William Burns, tells Edward Luce, the FT’s chief US commentator, how China’s President Xi Jinping has been ‘unsettled’ by the war in Ukraine. Burns also warns FT conference delegates that it would be a mistake to underestimate Ukraine’s intelligence capabilities and that Vladimir Putin remains determined to press on with the war. Read more at https://on.ft.com/3smbh1E , Financial Times (FT), 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o55-tFmu4Y0 (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Pressure Worsens For Russia’s Faltering Invasion As Effects Of Sanctions Loom, Senator Chris Murphy talks about why right now is a pivotal moment in Russia’s war on Ukraine, not only as new military aid is helping Ukraine turn the tide, but also because Russia’s buffer against the effects of Western sanctions is due to run out, delivering a crippling economic blow. MSNBC, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w1o60Ppva70 (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Ukraine accused of deadly cross-border attack on Russian village: If confirmed, it marks the first time a Russian has been killed inside the country by Ukraine shelling since Moscow’s invasion in February. ALJAZEERA, 12 May 2022, https://www.ALJAZEERA.com/news/2022/5/12/ukraine-accused-of-deadly-cross-border-attack-on-russian-village. Accessed 12 May 2022.

Pressure Worsens For Russia’s Faltering Invasion As Effects Of Sanctions Loom MSNBC, 12 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w1o60Ppva70 (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

War Crimes Watch: Boy survives attempted killing, USA Today, 12 May 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/videos/news/nation/2022/05/10/volunteers-deliver-supplies-ukrainian-village/9713655002/ (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

‘This tears my soul apart’: A Ukrainian boy and a killing by Cara Anna, AP News , 12 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-kyiv-b63f3ab89fc9a042be8e149f3459db22. Accessed 12 May 2022.

Russia might annex occupied Kherson; Russian soldier first to face war crimes trial by John Bacon, Tom Vanden Brook, Kim Hjelmgaard, Celina Tebor, Deirdre Shesgreen, Maureen Groppe, Jeanine Santucci, USA Today, 11 May 2022, Russia might annex occupied Kherson; Russian soldier first to face war crimes trial(video & text). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Ret. US Army Major points out ‘tremendous failure’ of Russian forces, New Day CNN, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DD5HSYzQhAA (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

EU wants to make it easier to seize wealthy Russian oligarchs’ yachts, jets, and properties by Francesco Guarascio, Financial Post, 11 May 2022, https://financialpost.com/pmn/business-pmn/eu-seeks-to-ease-rules-on-seizing-sanctioned-oligarchs-assets. Accessed 12 May 2022.

Finnish President tells Russia ‘You caused this’ as he signs security pact with UK Russia’s invasion of Ukraine “changed the picture” on Finland’s security. Sky News, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhLNBxpo8zY (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

PM says Russian invasion has ‘reshaped’ our future as he signs defence pledge with Finland, Sky News, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkLuk87D0Ok (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

‘Someone gave us up’: Why Ukrainian soldiers carry suspicion in one key town, CNN, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gf-nbyGrxc (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Ukrainian soldier uses Russian tank against Russian forces by Sam Kiley, CNN, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jexFvTZW2-A (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

“You cannot seriously sit down with Putin anymore” – German diplomat Christoph Heusgen, DW, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzvTKyy3pws (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Zelenskyy claims northeast gains; House passes $40 billion aid package, NBC News, 11 May 2022, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/russia-ukraine-war-live-updates-counteroffensive-kharkiv-house-aid-rcna28264. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Russian ship with Ukraine grain reaches Syria by Jody Heemstra, DRGNews.com, 11 May 2022, https://drgnews.com/2022/05/11/russia-accused-of-stealing-tons-of-grain-from-ukraine/. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Ukraine to hold first war crimes trial of captured Russian by Elena Becatoros and Jon Gambrell, AP News, 11 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-zelenskyy-kyiv-europe-d38703c060c6b066f2bd9012d147c6e1. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Russian, Ukrainian forces battle it out on Snake Island by Morgan Winsor,Emily Shapiro,Meredith Deliso,Nadine El-Bawab,Ivan Pereira,Bill Hutchinson, andKevin Shalvey, ABC News, 11 May 2022, https://abcnews.go.com/International/live-updates/russia-ukraine/?id=83931446 (video & text). Accessed 11 May 2022.

US, Western Europe fret over uncertain Ukraine war endgame by Matthew Lee, AP News, 11 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-europe-western-nato-a990adcad47a34764d64b03bdcd69f7b. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Biden signs Ukraine bill, seeks $40B aid, in Putin rejoinder by Zeke Miller and Lisa Mascaro, AP News, 10 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-biden-eastern-europe-congress-3bb64d255cfef354947bf10be33b99a4 (video ). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Ukraine blows up two Russian pontoon bridges Wolf Blitzer The Situation Room, CNN, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZ7l2VqGoyM (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Pentagon discusses Russian airstrikes on Odesa, equipment shipments to Ukraine and more, Pentagon press secretary John Kirby, CBS, 11 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lh1mbH1kvg (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

War in Ukraine: why is Russia’s army so weak? , The Economist, 9 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8C7aMeunE0 (video). Accessed May 2022.

More articles from the The Economist:
 Putin is failing in Ukraine but succeeding at oppressing Russia, 4 May 2022
 Artillery is playing a vital role in Ukraine, 2 May 2022
 Russia’s army is in a woeful state, 30 April 2022
 How rotten is Russia’s army?, 30 April 2022
 Rob Lee on why attrition will be a critical factor in the battle for Donbas, 30 April 2022
 Fighting has intensified in the Donbas region, 23 April 2022
 Mariupol’s outnumbered defenders refuse to give in, 15 April 2022
 Russia’s brutal mercenaries probably won’t matter much in Ukraine, 9 April 2022
 Russian soldiers appear to be dying in Ukraine at a remarkably high rate, 17 Mar 2022
 The curious case of Russia’s missing air force, 8 March 2022
 Russian rockets are falling indiscriminately on Ukrainian cities, 1 March 2022
 The woes of the Russian war machine are big and real. Are they also temporary?, 28 February 2022 (Updated 1 March 2022)
 Michael Kofman, an expert on Russia’s armed forces, explains why Kremlin will seek regime change in Ukraine, 23 February 2022

Volunteers deliver supplies to Ukrainian village: The Ukrainian village of Bezruky, some 10 miles outside the city of Kharkiv, has no Russian military in it anymore, but the echoes of war still ring in the ears of the locals. USA Today, 10 May 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/videos/news/nation/2022/05/10/volunteers-deliver-supplies-ukrainian-village/9713655002/ (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Many Russians Eager For Independent News, Says Journalist Who Fled Country MSNBC Morning Joe, 10 May 2022, (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Macron warns against humiliating Putin by Palki Sharma, WION, 10 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFBjXDAFje8 (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

Missiles hit Odesa as Zelenskyy warns of threat to global food supply, NBC News, 10 May 2022, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/russia-ukraine-war-live-updates-missiles-strike-odesa-rcna28057. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Former Russian Prime Minister says Putin is ‘losing strength’ Former Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Kasyanov says Vladimir Putin is “losing strength,” after he failed to mention any triumphs in his Victory Day speech. Sky News, 10 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JRjPRwshecE (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Russia’s war in Ukraine by Rhea Mogul, Andrew Raine, Tara John, Ben Church, Aditi Sangal and Laura Smith-Spark, CNN, 10 May 2022, https://www.CNN.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-05-09-22/index.html. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Ukraine war: Putin preparing for long haul, US intelligence says by George Wright, BBC News, 10 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61402829. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Fighters appeal for evacuation of wounded from Mariupol mill, AP News, 10 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-business-europe-united-nations-evacuations-3a5d2da4927c16ba2a659213fc0f7a42 (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Hackers Humiliate Putin; Prominent Media Vandalized On Russian Holiday by Rachel Maddow, MSNBC , 10 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbVzdmfmWCo (video). Accessed 10 May 2022.

Why is Hungary blocking sanctions on Russian oil? by Justin Spike and Samuel Petrequin, AP News, 10 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-business-global-trade-europe-budapest-d53daf0475b40ca3478cfc4f858ef015. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Defiance and anger: rural Ukraine unites against Russia’s aggression by Andrew Harding in the Donbas region, BBC News, 10 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Bao6I6oF2c (video). Accessed 12 May 2022.

The number of civilians killed in Ukraine since the beginning of the war is ‘thousands higher’ than official figures, UN says – as it happened, The Guardian, 10 May 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/may/10/russia-ukraine-war-live-news-russian-troops-trying-to-storm-azovstal-steel-plant-says-kyiv-us-plans-40bn-aid-package-latest-updates. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Ukraine war: Bodies of 44 civilians found as battle for Izyum rages by Sophie Williams & Olga Pona, BBC News, Lviv , 10 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61396800. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Gen. Keane: Putin needs to understand the consequences of using nuclear weapons, Fox Business, 9 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_qugQIc2yw (video). Accessed 13 May 2022.

Retired general sees Russia retreat from Ukraine by fall: Former U.S. commander Ben Hodges call Russia’s vaunted Victory Day parade ‘underwhelming,’ saying it didn’t give the feeling of a nation that’s winning; interview by Christiane Amanpour, CNN, 9 May 2022, https://www.cnn.com/videos/tv/2022/05/09/amanpour-hodges-ukraine-victory-day.CNN (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Ukrainians are being sent to Russia against their will, Pentagon says: Russian officials have denied there have been forcible transfers, which are against the Geneva Conventions, saying that Ukrainians immigrated voluntarily, by Michael Starr, The Jerusalem Post, 9 May 2022, https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-706265. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Russia Tells Citizens West Will ‘Open Concentration Camps’ If War Is Lost, MSNBC, 9 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7NlUeT6CX9A (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Lithuania FM calls for regime change in Russia by Matthew Lee, AP News, 9 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-europe-moscow-lithuania-0f7be6f8d1afcd1fddcacd9f6938536d. Accessed 11 May 2022.

Putin blames the West for Ukraine war in ‘Victory Day’ speech, CNBC, 9 May 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/09/putin-blames-the-west-for-ukraine-war-in-victory-day-speech.html (video ). Accessed 10 May 2022.

Ukrainian school used as shelter leveled by Russian airstrike, CNN, 8 May 2022, https://www.cnn.com/videos/world/2022/05/08/luhansk-school-airstrike-russia-ukraine-kiley-vpx-nr.cnn (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Zelensky releases video on day of remembrance: ‘We hear “never again” differently,’ Volodymyr Zelensky via Storyful, news.com.au, 8 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVlEkBHO_hc (VIDEO). Accessed 10 May 2022.

CIA director speaks out about Putin’s mindset, CIA Director Bill Burns warned that Russian President Vladimir Putin doesn’t believe he can afford to lose the war in Ukraine. CNN, 8 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQLhsPWqSwM (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky speaks at a virtual event held by Chatham House to discuss the war, FRANCE 24 , 6 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEJOe-fCUY4 (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Ukraine Update: Is Russia stuck in a war of attrition? by Richard Lloyd Parry, Times Radio, 6 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XMn_sh1MCg (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Why surrender isn’t an option for Ukrainians in Mariupol. Ukrainian MP Lesia Vasylenko talks to Jenny Kleeman and Kait Borsay on Times Radio about Ukrainians defending Mariupol. 6 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V93pQ2kQ4OU (video ). Accessed 6 May 2022.

The Real Reason Ukraine Is Able To Kill So Many Russian Generals by Julian Barnes, national security reporter for the New York Times, MSNBC, 6 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BljFluglIPg (video ). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Russia Has Destroyed Hundreds Of Hospitals In Ukraine – Zelensky | Russian Invasion, Channels Television, 6 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygyoNm4P1eY (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Azovstal defenders refuse to surrender + The role of US intelligence in the Ukraine war, DW News, 6 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OhBi66qwbCg (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

From Zelenskyy’s “surrender” to Putin’s surrender: how the negotiations with Russia are going by Roman Romaniuk, Ukrayinska Pravda, 5 May 2022, https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/articles/2022/05/5/7344096/. Accessed 16 May 2022.

U.S. shifts goals on war in Ukraine amid concerns over Russia’s nuclear capabilities, Evelyn Farkas, executive director of the McCain Institute at Arizona State University, and John Mearsheimer, political science professor at the University of Chicago, join Judy Woodruff to discuss how U.S. goals have shifted to winning the war against Russia, PBS News Hour, 5 May 2022, (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Petraeus on Russia: ‘The level of training of their soldiers is clearly inadequate’ interviewed by DW’s Washington bureau chief Ines Pohl , DW News , 5 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jG3kzAZzdwc (video ). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Ukraine has been a disaster for Russia, Former Chief of the Defense Staff, Sir David Richards, Times Radio, 5 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ZHz-V1LEVc (video ). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Russians steal vast amounts of Ukrainian grain and equipment, threatening this year’s harvest by Tim Lister and Sanyo Fylyppov, CNN, 5 May 2022, https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/05/europe/russia-ukraine-grain-theft-cmd-intl/index.html (video, text, maps). Accessed 5 May 2022.

News and analysis on the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Europe’s first major war in decades, Vox, https://www.vox.com/russia-invasion-ukraine. Accessed 6 May 2022.

Annexed Crimea Announces End of Ukrainian Blockade, scroll down to see consecutive articles, The Moscow Times, 5 May 2022, https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/05/05/annexed-crimea-says-breaches-ukraines-blockade-with-captured-regions-a77585 (text). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Russia Scales Back May 9 Victory Day Parade as Ukraine War Takes Toll by Isabel Van Brugen, Newsweek, 5 May 2022, (video & text). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Russian Church Warns Pope Francis After Comments on Powerful Bishop by Emma Mayer, Newsweek, 5 May 2022, (text). Accessed 5 May 2022.

Russian State TV issues a chilling warning, Palki Sharma on WION, 4 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45CEza79Dj0 (video). Accessed 11 May 2022.

New Mariupol evacuation mission under way: UN says third convoy on way to evacuate civilians from ‘hell’ of the besieged Azovstal steel plant by Sasha Petrova, Ali Harb, Umut Uras and Federica Marsi, ALJAZEERA, 4 May 2022, (text & maps). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Russia says will open evacuation routes: Russia says will open evacuation routes for civilians from Mariupol steel plant for three days by David Child, Sasha Petrova, Ali Harb and Farah Najjar, ALJAZEERA, 4 May 2022 (text). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Putin would ‘think twice’ about using strategic nuclear weapons, Andrew Bolt interviews Former US Army Vice Chief of Staff General Jack Keane , Sky News, 4 May 2022, (video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Putin must pay high price for aggression – EU, BBC, 4 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61295448 (text & video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Ukraine war: EU plans Russian oil ban and war crimes sanctions by Paul Kirby, BBC News, 4 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61318689 (text & video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

After sanctions and refusing ruble-payments – How to deal with a Russian cut-off? , DW News, 4 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T71I_s4sYcA (video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Can Putin accept defeat? — Russia’s way out of the war by Anders Puck Nielsen, 4 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=268zZqs-rvI (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

A ‘complete shutdown’ of Russian oil could drive prices up to $185, says JPMorgan James Sullivan on CNBC’s SquawkBox, 4 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKAGn5BLBfg (video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Ukraine war in maps: Tracking the Russian invasion by the Visual Journalism Team BBC News, 4 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60506682 (maps & text). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Kremlin Foe Browder on ‘Psychopath’ Putin and Disastrous Ukraine War, Hermitage Capital Management CEO Bill Browder talks Putin, Russia, and the next six months for Ukraine, Morningstar Europe, 3 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMJwOKs-qs8 (video ). Accessed 4 May 2022.

“A Very Dangerous Moment”: Russian & U.S. Escalation Raises Risk of Direct Military Clash in Ukraine Medea Benjamin of CodePink and George Beebe of the Quincy Institute, DemocracyNow!, 3 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lQ-E-7b-Vw (video). Accessed 3 May 2022.

Putin’s Cancer Surgery Fact Or Fiction? Will Ex-FSB Chief Patrushev Be Given Charge Of Ukraine War? , Putin took a hit after it was reported that he is suffering from cancer and Parkinson’s disease. According to reports in the West, Putin is expected to hand over the reins temporarily to his confidante and Ex-FSB Chief Nikolai Patrushev. On this week’s CRUX Decode, Zakka Jacob discusses whether reports of Putin’s cancer surgery are true and will Patrushev take charge of the Ukraine war. CRUX Decode, 3 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1P1rmocrbM (video). Accessed 3 May 2022.

Why do Russian Generals keep getting killed? Tim Cross speaks with John Pienaar Retired army Major General about the high death rates of Russian commanders, Times Radio, 2 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGYPB9masIo (video). Accessed 3 May 2022.

Is Putin ill? former NATO’s deputy supreme allied commander General Richard Shirreff and former foreign minister Sir Alan Duncan spoke to Jenny Kleeman and Chloe Tilley about what NATO should do to counter Putin’s efforts and how his mental and physical health impact his strategy. Times Radio, 1 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lN7jMWm8MyY (video). Accessed 3 May 2022.

Lt. Gen. Kellogg thinks the Ukrainians will ‘win out’ over time, Fox News , 1 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxQCj7idNM0 (video). Accessed 3 May 2022.

Fiona Hill on alleged Russian atrocities in Ukraine and Putin’s future Face the Nation, April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-BPEUjkkfI (video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

Live Updates | US Official: Ukraine Resistance Slows Russia: A senior U.S. defense official says the Russian offensive is going much slower than planned in part because of the strength of the Ukrainian resistance by Associated Press, U.S. News & World Report, 29 April 2022 , https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-04-29/live-updates-britain-russias-focus-remains-donbas-region (text & video). Accessed May 2022.

Russia invades Ukraine (includes maps and images re: Refugees flee the fighting and Russian forces seize Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant, Reuters Graphics, updated 29 April 2022, https://graphics.reuters.com/UKRAINE-CRISIS/zdpxokdxzvx/ (maps & text). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Putin Dispatches Brutal Russian Mercenaries To Ukraine (Wagner Group) , Brain Ross, Law&Crime Network, 29 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5a93pLSdYo (video). Accessed 29 April 2022.

Fleeing women reveal what Russian soldiers are saying by Nick Paton Walsh, CNN, 29 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sr10t6aH5qc (video). Accessed 29 April 2022.

Moldova fears spill-over of Russia’s war with Ukraine, DW News , 29 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4DSeKhIAEY (video). Accessed 29 April 2022.

Russia Attacks Kyiv As U.N. Secretary-General Visits Ukraine’s Capital, Raf Sanchez and Josh Lederman, NBC News, 29 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQ76DKSp87U (video). Accessed 29 April 2022.

The City where Thousands of Russians have fled since the Invasion of Ukraine, Foreign Correspondent ABC News In-depth, 29 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4JhhhrjGgw (video). Accessed 29 April 2022.

Biden asks Congress for $33 billion in aid to Ukraine as war enters new phase by Kate Sullivan, Arlette Saenz, Betsy Klein and Kevin Liptak,, CNN, 28 April 2022 April 2022, https://www.CNN.com/2022/04/28/politics/biden-ukraine-congress/index.html (video & text ). Accessed 29 April 2022.

If Russians go nuclear they would be signing their own death certificates, say military analysts, CNN, 28 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sn-i89GReMI (video ). Accessed 29 April 2022.

A Visual Guide to the Russian Invasion of Ukraine, Bloomberg News https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2022-ukraine-russia-us-nato-conflict/ (Text). Accessed 4 May 2022.

‘Karma is a cruel thing’: Zelensky adviser on blasts in Russia that were heard in three Russian regions bordering Ukraine, CNN, 27 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CUgYOcJ9K6M (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Residents waiting to be evacuated from frontlines, FRANCE 24, 27 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B-12pj63ZTU (video ). Accessed 27 April 2022.

‘Putin wants us to play his game,’ Sir Roderic Lyne Former UK ambassador to Russia Sir Roderic Lyne on Times Radio , 27 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tq4tRLbm3V8 (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Ukraine says several villages in east captured by Russian forces Gulliver Cragg reports from Kyiv, FRANCE 24, 27 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xy4EHoc76nM (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Explosions reported along Ukraine-Moldova border, CBS News , 27 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yAAitD4ehQ (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Russia claims territorial gains in southern Ukraine, DW News, 27 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEHBjiJJ7fA (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Russia’s war on Ukraine: ‘Vladimir Putin is desperate,’ Dr. Sergej Sumlenny, Ukraine expert and former Director of the Heinrich Böll Foundation in Kyiv highlights three major developments in the war, FRANCE 24, 27 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KbxK5CObr-w (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

‘Blackmail’: EU leader condemns Russia for shutting off gas to Poland, Bulgaria by Celina Tebor & John Bacon, Live Ukraine updates, USA Today, 27 April 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/04/27/ukraine-russia-invasion-live-updates/9549843002/ (video & text). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Trevor Reed, former U.S. Marine, freed in U.S.-Russia prisoner swap by Tucker Reals, CBS News, 27 April 2022,https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trevor-reed-san-antonio-freed-russia-prisoner-swap-us-exchange-konstantin-yaroshenko// (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

US, allies hustling to save Ukraine; Rand Paul says US push to get Ukraine into NATO provoked invasion: April 26 recap by John Bacon, Maureen Groppe, Jorge L. Ortiz, Celina Tebor and Jeanine Santucci, USA Today, 27 April 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/04/26/ukraine-russia-invasion-live-updates/7449481001/ (video & text). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Top US general: What’s at stake is greater than Ukraine, General Mark Milley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, discusses the stakes of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the wider global implications with CNN’s Jim Sciutto, CNN, 26 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bm_BUaISFsc (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

What does a victory for Putin look like? , Russian Director General of the Russian International Affairs Council, Andrey Kortunov, talks to John Pienaar about Putin’s goals on Times Radio, 26 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HK3tuzNxnN0 (video ). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Putin doesn’t care about loss of life, William Hague on Times Radio, 26 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b99FkipU738 (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Moscow trying to ‘intimidate the free world,’ says former Ukrainian PM, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, CBS Power & Politics, 26 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKPdpFjdlTU (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

‘Putin can’t resist interfering in the military planning’ , Armed forces minister James Heappey , Times Radio Breakfast, 26 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgVRAy7wbvs (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Germany to deliver ‘Gepard’ anti-aircraft tanks to Ukraine, DW News, 26 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDkJo9RnC0k (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Ukrainian Foreign Minister: We will not stop until we win MSNBC Morning Joe, 26 April 2022, https://www.MSNBC.com/morning-joe/watch/ukrainian-foreign-minister-we-will-not-stop-until-we-win-138634309947(video). Accessed 26 April 2022.

Austin to Ukraine: US, allies ‘have your back’ by Lexi Lonasm, The Hill, 26 April 2022, https://thehill.com/policy/defense/3463400-austin-to-ukraine-us-allies-have-your-back/ (text). Accessed 26 April 2022.

The threat of nuclear war is real, top Russian official says; UN chief travels to Moscow to meet with Putin by Holly Ellyatt and Natasha Turak, CNBC, 26 April 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/26/russia-ukraine-live-updates.html (text). Accessed 26 April 2022.

More than 8 million expected to flee Ukraine by year end, U.N. says by Rachel Elbaum, NVC News, 26 April 2022, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/russia-ukraine-war-live-updates-nato-military-aid-moscow-warns-wwiii-rcna25986#rcrd1029 (text). Accessed 26 April 2022.

Russia-Ukraine war: U.S. pushes NATO allies for military aid as Moscow warns West of World War III dangers NBC News, 26 April 2022, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/russia-ukraine-war-live-updates-nato-military-aid-moscow-warns-wwiii-rcna25986 (video). Accessed 26 April 2022.

Gen. Jack Keane: Putin is fighting to stay in power, Kudlow, Fox Business, 26 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WApS1eCQCJ0 (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

This Map Helps Explain Why the Russia-Ukraine War Hasn’t Ended by William Spaniel on Game Theory 101.com, 25 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6N3zVdvBD8 (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Threat of nuclear war intensifies after Putin’s new declaration, 7NEWS Australia , 25 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3a7iRZqC0k (video). Accessed 29 April 2022.

Ukraine war: US wants to see a weakened Russia by Matt Murphy, BBC News , 25 April 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61214176 (text). Accessed 26 April 2022.

U.S. promises more military aid in Ukraine as Russia intensifies attacks, NBC Nightly News, 25 April 2022, https://www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/u-s-promises-more-military-aid-in-ukraine-as-russia-intensifies-attacks-138605125657 (video). Accessed 26 April 2022.

When Will Russians Turn On Putin? Bill Browder, Garry Kasparov, MSNBC, 22 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCZRk5d-Oks (video). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Mariupol mayor: I feel as if my heart has been torn out Vadym Boichenko, Mayor of the Ukrainian city of Mariupol, tells CNN that about 20,000 civilians have been killed in Mariupol, which has been leveled by Russian attacks during the course of the war. CNN, 22 April 2022, (video). Accessed 22 April 2022.

Mass Graves Found, 9000 Bodies Recovered In Mariupol, Ukraine Authorities Claim | Russia Ukraine War India Today, 22 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ke07zx470o (video). Accessed 22 April 2022.

Promoting Accountability for Human Rights Abuses in Russia and Belarus and Taking Action Against Sanctions Evaders by Antony J. Blinken, Secretary of State, U.S. Department of State Press Releases, 20 April 2022, https://www.state.gov/promoting-accountability-for-human-rights-abuses-in-russia-and-belarus-and-taking-action-against-sanctions-evaders/ (video). Accessed 22 April 2022.

Putin Will ‘Take The Blame’ When Ukraine War Fails, Russia Expert Says Yale History Professor Timothy Snyder joins MSNBC’s Lawrence O’Donnell to discuss how isolated Vladimir Putin is from the truth about the how the war is going amid reports that Kremlin insiders are concerned Putin’s war is a catastrophic mistake, MSNBC, 20 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1A-jDgS6i4 (video). Accessed 21 April 2022.

Thousands flee Russia over government crackdown on protests, news outlets: “I’m a refugee again” by Lilia Luciano for CBS News , 20 April 2022, https://www.CBSnews.com/news/russians-flee-country-over-crackdowns-on-protests-news-outlets/ (text & video). Accessed 21 April 2022.

Russia invades Ukraine by Travis Caldwell, Andrew Raine, George Ramsay, Lianne Kolirin, Ivana Kottasová and Adrienne Vogt, CNN Live Updates, 21 April 2022, https://www.CNN.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-04-21-22/index.html (text & video). Accessed 21 April 2022.

Russian bank, network hit with new US sanctions by Morgan Chalfont, The Hill , 21 April 2022, https://thehill.com/policy/finance/3274576-russian-bank-network-hit-with-new-us-sanctions/ (video). Accessed 21 April 2022.

New U.S. sanctions for Russian bank, oligarchs, crypto miner BitRiver by Daphne Psaledakis and David Brunnstrom, Reuters, 20 April 2022, https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/us-imposes-new-russia-related-sanctions-2022-04-20/ (text). Accessed 21 April 2022.

Ukraine pushes back on ‘numerous’ Russian advances in Donbas; Zelenskyy warns Mariupol situation is severe Chelsea Ong, Ted Kemp, Natasha Turak, Amanda Macias, Christina Wilkie, CNBC, 20 April 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/19/russia-ukraine-live-updates.html (text). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Can the West ever deal again with Vladimir Putin? DW News Conflict Zone, 20 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o81kl-6fxVY (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

‘Think Twice,’ Putin Warns West As Russia Tests Sarmat Missile| EU Vows To Ensure Ukraine Victory CRUX, 20 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgsACXEkcZ4 (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Parents of Russian sailors want answers after warship sinks CNN, 20 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hI7Wy786ozY (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Russia’s brutal new tactic leaves death ‘to lie in wait’ for returning Ukrainian citizens by Nima Elbagir, CNN, 20 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFAur85x4XQ (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

‘I Did Not Expect Putin To Be As Evil As He Has Been’ Says McFaul MSNBC, 19 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=70oC3eD0mCY (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

McFaul: ‘Putin Has Already Lost This War’ As Russia Begins Battle For Donbas Region MSNBC, 19 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhYm6LgpqFg(video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

If Zelenskyy wins this Eastern Ukraine fight, ‘war is over’, Lt. Gen. Keith Kellogg on Fox Business , 19 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80Perjk-Qys (video ). Accessed 27 April 2022.

Russia’s offensive on eastern Ukraine has begun, Zelenskyy says, CBS News, 19 April 2022, https://www.CBSnews.com/news/russian-offensive-eastern-ukraine-zelensky/ (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

General Keane: This is the major lesson to learn here Fox Business Live, 19 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4UWdm10Vcfc (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Ukraine War: West may have to ‘bite it’s tongue’ to avoid nuclear move from Putin Sky News, 19 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=at_9tVfNRLA (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

McFaul: You Can’t Want Diplomacy If The Other Side Doesn’t Want To Talk, MSNBC Morning Joe, 19 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HBCtsp22cGM (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

The battle of Donbas: What’s Putin’s plan for Ukraine now? France24 , 19 April 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdJT16GRBtY (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

Russia’s bombardment of Ukraine reminiscent of Nazi Germany during WWII by the Bureau of Global Public Affairs within the U.S. Department of State, ShareAmerica, 19 April 2022, https://share.america.gov/russias-bombardment-ukraine-reminiscent-nazi-germany-wwii/ (text). Accessed 22 April 2022.

Putin Using Ukraine Invasion to Change ‘World Order’: Russian Ambassador by Natalie Colarossi, Newsweek, 18 April 2022, https://www.Newsweek.com/putin-using-ukraine-invasion-change-world-order-russian-ambassador-1698657. Accessed 16 May 2022.

Former advisor to Ukrainian President Zelenskyy, Igor Novikov, Is ‘Worried About What’s To Come In The Next Few Days’ MSNBC , 18 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07ftC8XpJ98 (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

“No doubt we are failing the people of Mariupol,” U.N. relief official says by Pamela Falk, CBS News, 18 April 2022, https://www.CBSnews.com/news/mariupol-ukraine-united-nations-humanitarian-crisis/ (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

President Zelensky opens up about his children and his legacy, CNN Exclusive, 17 April 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujzVIWo6yU4 (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

Ukraine: Mariupol situation remains dire, says Zelenskyy — as it happened, Deutsche Welle, 17 April 2022, https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-mariupol-situation-remains-dire-says-zelenskyy-as-it-happened/a-61497237 (text & video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

Ukraine war: Germany’s conundrum over its ties with Russia by Damien McGuinness, BBC News, Berlín, 17 April 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61118706 (text & video). Accessed 18 April 2022.

Ukrainian foreign minister says Mariupol “doesn’t exist anymore” after Russian siege by Melissa Quinn, Face the Nation CBS News, 17 April 2022, https://www.CBSnews.com/news/mariupol-ukraine-russia-war-face-the-nation/ (text & video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

Why has Russia invaded Ukraine and what does Putin want? by Paul Kirby BBC News, 17 April 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56720589 (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Five million people flee war in Ukraine, France24 , 15 April 2022, https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220415-five-million-people-flee-war-in-ukraine (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Analyzing a fake Kremlin video used to justify war with Ukraine by the Bureau of Global Public Affairs within the U.S. Department of State, ShareAmerica, 13 April 2022, https://share.america.gov/kremlins-fake-video-to-justify-war-with-ukraine/ (video). Accessed 22 April 2022.

Inside Zelensky’s War Room: “The Most Extraordinary Interview I’ve Ever Done,” PBS: Amanpour and Company, 13 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJzZDE3zZcw (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

World leader (Austrian Chancellor, Karl Nehammer) describes Putin’s mindset during meeting yesterday, CNN Exclusive, 13 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wDmrA8No_0 (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

A timeline of the tensions between Russia and Ukraine by Matthew Mpoke Bigg, New York Times, published 18 Feb 2022, updated 13 April 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/18/world/europe/russia-ukraine-timeline.html (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Ukrainian First Lady: “Don’t Get Used To Our Grief,” PBS: Amanpour and Company, 12 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hd-F19mCqwA (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Vladimir Putin Is Now Purging His Own Over War Failures MSNBC, Apr 12, 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AN3z0o0dvQ (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

War Crimes Watch: A devastating walk through Bucha’s horror by Cara Anna April 10, 2022, AP News, 12 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-europe-war-crimes-7791e247ce7087dddf64a2bbdcc5b888. Accessed May 2022.

Zelenskyy Was ‘Born For This,’ MSNBC, 5 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Lu-hllQ5w0 (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

Sean Penn joins Sean Hannity to discuss Russian invasion of Ukraine Fox Hannity, 5 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfUORitTEBI (video). Accessed 19 April 2022.

General Jack Keane: Putin may offer Zelenskyy a ceasefire Fox News, April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_YArr_E_IpQ (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Ukraine small taste of what’s to come from Putin: Bill Browder: Larysa Harapyn interviews Bill Browder, CEO of Hermitage Capital, Head of Global Magnitsky Justice campaign and author, about his new book ‘Freezing Order’ and how Ukraine is just a small taste of what’s to come from Russia’s Vladimir Putin, Financial Post , Apr 5, 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miBCm5M6yWo (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Ukraine: Conflict at the Crossroads of Europe and Russia by Jonathan Masters, Council on Foreign Relations, last updated April 1, 2022, https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/ukraine-conflict-crossroads-europe-and-russia. Accessed 15 April 2022.

War in Ukraine: The Economist interviews President Zelensky, editor-in-chief, Zanny Minton Beddoes, The Economist, 28 Mar 2022, https://youtu.be/LNjiRmIWtss (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

The Tyrant: Will Vladimir Putin spark another world war? | Under Investigation, 60 Minutes Australia , 16 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1iV8J7h85mk (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

What an ‘Unhinged’ Meeting Reveals About ‘Vladimir Putin’s War’ PBS FRONTLINE, 15 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8B0mWzB4GOQ (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Putin’s Road to War (full documentary), PBS FRONTLINE, 15 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsfUiTJv2lE (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Why Russia Can’t Survive Tech Sanctions, TechAltar, 10 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SV_4M9R8Ggs (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

‘Sorry to bother you’: CNN obtains audio of Russians calling Ukrainian hotline CNN’s Alex Marquardt reports that many Russian women are reaching out to Ukraine to find out where their husbands and sons are and if they’re alive. CNN, 7 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1f-5bAy2En0(video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

The Failed Logistics of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine, Wendover Productions, 5 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b4wRdoWpw0w (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Captured Russian soldier cries whilst being allowed to speak to his mother | Russia-Ukraine war Russian soldiers have accused Vladimir Putin of using them as “meat shields” and lying to them about their mission, in videos posted online by the Ukrainian Security Service. Read the full story here: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-new The Telegraph, 3 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Y3YqgWtPq4 (video). Accessed 23 May 2022.

Timeline: The events leading up to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine Reuters, 1 March 2022, https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/events-leading-up-russias-invasion-ukraine-2022-02-28/ (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

The real and imagined history of Ukraine: Vladimir Putin says Ukraine isn’t a country. Yale historian Timothy Synder explains why he’s wrong by Noel King, Miles Bryan, and Lauren Katz, Voxmedia, 25 February 2022, https://www.vox.com/22950915/ukraine-history-timothy-snyder-today-explained (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Russia Invades Ukraine: A Timeline of the Crisis by Madeline Fitzgerald, U.S. News & World Report , 25 Feb 2022, https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/slideshows/a-timeline-of-the-russia-ukraine-conflict (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Photos show chaos as Russia invades Ukraine by National Geographic Staff, 25 Feb 2022, https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/history-and-civilisation/2022/02/follow-ukraines-30-year-struggle-for-independence-with-this-visual-timeline (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Russia’s at war with Ukraine. Here’s how we got here by Becky Sullivan, updated February 24, 2022, NPR, 25 Feb 2022, https://www.npr.org/2022/02/12/1080205477/history-ukraine-russia (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Putin’s Preparations for Ukraine: The autocrat has been trying for decades to end what he sees as a prolonged period of Russian humiliation by David Remnick, The New Yorker, 21 February 2022, https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/putins-preparation-for-ukraine (text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

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History

Uncommon Knowledge: Part 1: Stephen Kotkin on Stalin’s Rise to Power: Stalin was born in a small town in Georgia in which he was educated to become a priest. After succeeding in school and becoming a devout follower of the faith, Stalin left the priesthood and became a communist revolutionary. World War I and the revolutions of 1917 set the stage for Stalin and the Communists to take power in Russia. Hoover Institution, 29 July 2015, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MzPzfEVjNE (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

Uncommon Knowledge: Part 2: Stephen Kotkin discusses Stalin’s consolidation of power: Lenin is dead and Stalin is trying to consolidate power. Although various people were vying for the position, Stalin had already effectively taken over Lenin’s job. Lenin’s last will and testament says bad things about all his successors, with Trotsky coming out the best, yet does nothing to dislodge Stalin from power. Stalin continues, through hard work and cunning, to gather power but also because people believed that he stood for the principles of the revolution. Hoover Institution, 29 July 2015, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZ9KCG0KO4U (video). Accessed 29 Sept 2022.

The end of a superpower – The collapse of the Soviet Union | On December 25, 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed. Along with it came hope for the end of the Cold War, for independence and freedom for the former Soviet republics. But for many it also brought poverty and war. What remains of the dreams of that time? The documentary includes: contemporary witnesses and politicians of the decisive years and shows what has become of the legacy of a world power and shows the path Russian foreign policy has followed under Putin. DW Documentary, 3 Mar 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JsPHKDuP-Hk (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

A Brief History Of Ukraine (And Why Russia Wants To Control It), History Hit, 21 Mar 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MDN-DtJMs4Y (video). Accessed 28 Sept 2022.

The Gulag: What We Know Now and Why It Matters by Anne Applebaum as part of the fall 2021 Franke Lectures in the Humanities which were organized in conjunction with the Yale College seminar “Mass Incarceration in the Soviet Union and the United States” taught by Timothy Snyder and Jason Stanley, 14 October 2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=37C9hofR6gg (video). Accessed June 2022.

Timothy Snyder Discusses “Bloodlands” at The Ukrainian Museum of Modern Art, Professor Timothy Snyder talks about his book, a critically acclaimed New York Times bestseller entitled Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin. Ukrainian Media, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qcXMV-4HfXs(video). Accessed 23 June 2022.

The Origins of Mass Killing: the bloodlands hypothesis, Speaker: Professor Timothy Snyder , Chair: Professor Arne Westad, LSE, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXrqGlgufCA. Accessed 23 June 2022.

A Brief History of Ukraine by Tim Lambert, Tim’s History of British Towns, Cities and So Much More, https://localhistories.org/a-brief-history-of-ukraine/ (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Follow Ukraine’s 30-year struggle for independence with this visual timeline by National Geographic Staff, National Geographic History, 27 Feb 2022, https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/history-and-civilisation/2022/02/follow-ukraines-30-year-struggle-for-independence-with-this-visual-timeline (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act FAQs

A historical timeline of post-independence Ukraine by Council on Foreign Relations, PBS News Hour , 22 Feb 2022, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/a-historical-timeline-of-post-independence-ukraine (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

A History of Eastern Europe: Ukraine-Russia Crisis taught by Professor Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius, an award-winning professor at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, these 24 insightful lectures offer a sweeping 1,000-year history of Eastern Europe with a particular focus on the region’s modern history. Wondrium, 15 Dec 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1WL2VJOn2A (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Decline of Putin’s Russia by Shirvan Neftchi, Caspian Report, 17 Aug 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BT4sK36cU3Y (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

History of Russia: How USSR was disintegrated, Ukraine gained independence in 1991 India Today, 25 Feb 2022, https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/history-of-russia-how-ussr-was-disintegrated-ukraine-gained-independence-in-1990-1917949-2022-02-25 (text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

History of Ukraine, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/place/Ukraine/History (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

History of Ukraine, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Ukraine (text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

How Ukraine Became Part of the USSR – The Soviet–Ukrainian War (Documentary), Jesse Alexander , The Great War , 25 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Gwuu7TXPwI (video). Accessed 3 May 2022.

How Ukraine became Ukraine, in 7 maps by Ishaan Tharoor and Gene Thorp, Washington Post , 9 March 2015, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/03/09/maps-how-ukraine-became-ukraine/ (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Timeline of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Wikipedia

Putin’s poisons: 2020 attack on Aleksey Navalny by the Bureau of Global Public Affairs within the U.S. Department of State, ShareAmerica, 18 April 2022, https://share.america.gov/putins-poisons-2020-attack-on-aleksey-navalny/ (text). Accessed 22 April 2022.   Navalny, following a Zelyonka attack in April 2017, Wikipedia, 13 April 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisoning_of_Alexei_Navalny (video). Accessed 22 April 2022. Putin’s poisons: 2018 attack on Sergei Skripal by the Bureau of Global Public Affairs within the U.S. Department of State, ShareAmerica, 11 April 2022, https://share.america.gov/putin-poisons-2018-attack-on-sergei-skripal/ (text). Accessed 22 April 2022.

Putin’s poisons: 2017 attack in Syria by the Bureau of Global Public Affairs within the U.S. Department of State, ShareAmerica, 4 April 2022, https://share.america.gov/putin-poisons-2017-attack-in-syria/ (text). Accessed 22 April 2022.

Putin’s Poisons: A history of Russian assassination attempts by Alex Hollings, SOFREP, 16 Mar 2018, https://sofrep.com/news/putins-poisons-a-history-of-russian-assassination-attempts/ (text). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Soviet Ukraine in the postwar period: The last years of Stalin’s rule, Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/place/Ukraine/Soviet-Ukraine-in-the-postwar-period (text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

The 20th-Century History Behind Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine: During WWII, Ukrainian nationalists saw the Nazis as liberators from Soviet oppression. Now, Russia is using that chapter to paint Ukraine as a Nazi nation by Katya Cengel, Smithsonian Magazine, 4 March 2022, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-20th-century-history-behind-russias-invasion-of-ukraine-180979672/ (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Ukraine, 1991-present, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine (text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

Ukraine as a ‘borderland’: a brief history of Ukraine’s place between Europe and Russia by Sheila Fitzpatrick, The Conversation, 3 March 2022, https://theconversation.com/ukraine-as-a-borderland-a-brief-history-of-ukraines-place-between-europe-and-russia-178168 (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Ukraine profile – Timeline, BBC News, 5 March 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-18010123 (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Ukraine’s history and its centuries-long road to independence by Ali Rogin and Morgan Till, PBS News Hour, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/ukraines-history-and-its-centuries-long-road-to-independence (video & text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

Ukrainian Soviet Republic, March-April 1918, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Republic (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1919-1991, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic (text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

What is Ukraine known for? What is Ukraine’s biggest export? by William Gittins, Prisa , 1 March 2022 https://en.as.com/en/2022/03/01/latest_news/1646154375_952794.htm (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

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Holodomor

Conflating the Irish Famine with Ukraine’s Holodomor misleading and unhelpful by Liam Kennedy, The Irish Times , 13 Apr 2022, https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/conflating- the-irish-famine-with-ukraine-s-holodomor-misleading-and-unhelpful-1.4851048 (video & text). Accessed 15 April 2022.   Common Lies about the Holodomor by Ярослава Бухта and Наталія Понеділок, Ukrainer , 1 Nov 2020, https://ukrainer.net/common-lies-about-the-holodomor/ (video & text). Accessed 18 April 2022. Cut off from food, Ukrainians recall famine under Stalin, which killed 4 million of them by Michael E. Ruane, Washington Post , March 12, 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/ 2022/03/12/holodomor-famine-ukraine-stalin/(text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Chicago American, 25 Feb 1935

An entire hamlet saved during the Holodomor by Andrii Shestaliuk, Ukrainer, 24 Oct 2020, https://ukrainer.net/saved-during-the-holodomor/ (video & text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

Historian Anne Applebaum Details Stalin’s War Against Ukraine: ‘I Believe It Was Genocide’ by Natalya Golitsina, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty © 2022 RFE/RL, Inc. All Rights Reserved , https://www.rferl.org/a/historican-anne-applebaum-interview-ukraine-holodomor-famine-stalin/28756181.html (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Holodomor Denial U.S. Committee for Ukrainian Holodomor-Genocide Awareness 1932-33, https://ukrainegenocide.com/holodomor-denial/ (text). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Holodomor History Holodomor Museum , https://holodomormuseum.org.ua/en/the-history-of-the-holodomor/ (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Holodomor: Memories of Ukraine’s silent massacre, BBC News, 23 November 2013, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-25058256 (video & text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Holodomor: Stalin’s Secret Genocide Hrytsko, 6 Feb 6 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TK0ovXIiU9M (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

Holodomor: The Ukrainian Genocide University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts Holocaust and Genocide Studies, https://cla.umn.edu/chgs/holocaust-genocide-education/resource-guides/holodomor (text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

How does the Holodomor influence Ukraine today? by Natalia Ponedilok and Yaroslava Bukhta, Ukrainer, 2 Nov 2020 https://ukrainer.net/holodomor-influence-ukraine/ (video & text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

How Joseph Stalin Starved Millions in the Ukrainian Famine by Patrick J. Kiger, History Channel, https://www.history.com/news/ukrainian-famine-stalin (text). Accessed 14 April 2022.

How Stalin starved Ukraine: It was a man-made famine that Russia continues to cover up to this day by Ranjani Chakraborty, Vox, 25 March 2022, https://www.vox.com/videos/2022/3/25/22996165/ukraine-holodomor-famine-russia-cover-up (video). Accessed 15 April 2022.

“I Will Remember Them,” documentary about the Holodomor-genocide of 1932–33 presented by The Holodomor Museum, 30 April 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vndi4lTOhlE (video). Accessed 18 April 2022.

Never take what is not yours, not even during the Holodomor by Nazar Novak, Ukrainer, 4 Oct 2020 https://ukrainer.net/marfa-kovalenko-holodomor/ (video & text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

She survived the Holodomor and saved a boy by Ярослава Бухта and Наталія Понеділок, Ukrainer, September 19, 2020, (video & text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

Stalin’s famine: a brief history of the Holodomor in Soviet Ukraine by Serhy Yekelchyk, History Extra,The official website forBBCHistory Magazine andBBCHistory Revealed , 9 March 2022, https://www.historyextra.com/period/20th-century/holodomor-soviet-ukraine-history-facts-deaths-genocide-cause/ (text). Accessed 15 April 2022.

What is the Holodomor? by Valeria Didenko and Yaroslava Bukhta, Ukrainer, 28 Oct 2020, https://ukrainer.net/what-is-the-holodomor/ (video & text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

What is the Holodomor? A brief history of the deadly famine in Ukraine many call genocide by Orlando Mayorquin, USA Today, 28 Feb 2022, https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/02/28/holodomor-killed-millions-ukrainians-what-you-need-know/6929903001/ (text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

Why Stalin Starved Ukraine by David Patrikarakos, The New Republic, https://newrepublic.com/article/145953/stalin-starved-ukraine. Accessed 14 April 2022.

The world on the Holodomor: Tragedy in a global context by Natalia Ponedilok and Yaroslava BukhtaUkrainer, 9 Nov 2020 https://ukrainer.net/the-holodomor-in-a-global-context/ (video & text). Accessed 18 April 2022.

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Bucha

Ukraine names 10 Russians it accuses of war crimes in Bucha by Amy Cheng, Washington Post, 28 April 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/29/bucha-ukraine-criminal-investigation-russian-soldiers/ (audio & text). Accessed 29 April 2022.

Cruelty, murder, and destruction in Bucha by Anatolii Shara, Euromaidan Press, 28 April 2022. “My friend Nina is a journalist from Finland. She came to Ukraine just a few days after I came back from a village of Borodyanka, which had been completely destroyed by Russian occupiers. Together with Nina we decided to go to the Kyiv suburb of Bucha, where Russian soldiers acted especially barbaric deliberately killing Ukrainian.” Accessed 28 April 2022.

Ukraine Brings First War-Crimes Charges Against Russian Soldiers in Bucha by Brett Forrest, Wall Street Journal, updated 28 April 2022. Authorities filed criminal charges against 10 individual Russian soldiers accused of taking civilians hostage and mistreating them in the Kyiv suburb—the first such move by prosecutors investigating possible war crimes by Moscow’s forces. https://www.wsj.com/articles/ukraine-brings-first-war-crimes-charges-against-russian-soldiers-in-bucha-11651148489?mod=e2tw (video & text). Accessed 29 April 2022.

In Bucha, the scope of Russian barbarity is coming into focus by Max Bearak and Louisa Loveluck, The Washington Post, 6 April 2022. Police, local officials and regular citizens start the grim task of clearing Bucha of the hundreds of corpses decomposing on streets and in parks, apartment buildings and other locations. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/06/bucha-barbarism-atrocities-russian-soldiers/. Accessed 29 April 2022.

War Crimes Watch: A devastating walk through Bucha’s horror by Cara Anna
April 10, 2022, AP News, 12 May 2022, https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-europe-war-crimes-7791e247ce7087dddf64a2bbdcc5b888. Accessed May 2022.

Activists claim ‘Butcher of Bucha’ behind civilian executions by Richard Wood, Senior Journalist, 9News reported with Associated Press, 6 April 2022, https://www.9news.com.au/world/russia-ukraine-update-butcher-of-bucha-behind-genocide-activists-claim/a1006de8-7043-4883-ae2e-2d3ed6373b2d (text). Accessed 29 April 2022.

russia-ukraine-war-news-04-28-22, CNN https://www.CNN.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-04-28-22/h_10f0c91920d33efd4738bc0947c399b2

‘Sickening’ atrocities in Bucha, nearly 70% of Russian troops near Kyiv have withdrawn: Pentagon update Day 40 by Matt Seyler, abcnews.go.com, 4 April 2022. The Pentagon wants Russian actions in Bucha to be investigated as war crimes.
https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/sickening-atrocities-bucha-70-russian-troops-kyiv-withdrawn/story?id=83866706. Accessed 29 April 2022

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Crimea

A History Of Crimea In Five Minutes, Sky News Foreign Affairs Editor Sam Kiley reports, Sky News, 11 March 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSyoJYchO4Y (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Crimea is running out of water, Caspian Report, 2 Feb 2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aqq8clIceys (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Why Did Russia Give Away Crimea Sixty Years Ago? by Mark Kramer , part of the HINDSIGHT UP FRONT | UKRAINE publication, CWIHP e-Dossier No. 47, https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/why-did-russia-give-away-crimea-sixty-years-ago (text). Accessed 6 May 2022.

How Crimea Became the First “People’s War” by Luke Tomes, HistoryHit, 19 October 2020, https://www.historyhit.com/how-crimea-became-the-first-peoples-war/ (text). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Life Inside Putin’s Crimea: In 2014, Russia seized the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea in one of the most brazen annexations of territory since World War II. This is what happened after. VICE on HBO, 9 December 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lzO7gIT5GYU (video). Accessed 6 May 2022.

Everything you need to know about the 2014 Ukraine crisis by Max Fisher, Vox, 3 September 2014, https://www.vox.com/2014/9/3/18088560/ukraine-everything-you-need-to-know (text). Accessed 6 May 2022.

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Donbas

Impossible Choices in the Battle for the Donbas: In the weeks since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the leaders of the Donbas have had no easy choices. by Nataliya Gumenyuk, a Ukrainian journalist, and the co-founder of the Public Interest Journalism Lab, The Atlantic, 24 April 2022, https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/04/ukraine-battle-for-donbas-damage/629661/ (text). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Russian forces now focused on Donbas, leaving behind trail of destruction DW News , DW News, 20 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0plQH0DC83Q (video). Accessed 20 April 2022.

Russia has begun ‘Battle for Donbas’ in Ukraine’s east: Zelenskyy: Ukraine’s president says Russia has launched its offensive to capture eastern Donbas, with local officials reporting ‘constant fighting’ there. Hermitage Capital Management CEO Bill Browder talks Putin, Russia, and the next six months for Ukraine, ALJAZEERA , 19 April 2022, https://www.ALJAZEERA.com/news/2022/4/19/russia-has-begun-battle-for-donbas-in-ukraines-east-zelenskyy (text). Accessed 4 May 2022.

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Kyiv

Time reporter spends two weeks with Zelenskyy in Kyiv, Time magazine reporter Simon Shuster joins Shep Smith to discuss the two weeks he spent with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at his compound in Kyiv. CNBC Television, 4 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1pU4pdzRCk (video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Russia launches assault on Mariupol as Ukraine unveils evidence of war crimes outside Kyiv, Nick Schifrin reports for PBS News Hour, 3 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yMHKpWJSWCg (video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Ukraine claims victory in battle for Kyiv as Russian forces prepare for new phase of war, PBS News, 10 April 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MKF_KLix4k (video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

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Mariupol

Mariupol death toll at 22,000, says mayor’s adviser by Saskya Vandoorne and Melissa Bell in Kyiv, CNN, 24 May 2022, https://www.CNN.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-05-24-22/h_95e94c548d8a5f49e0b97bc3415c9320. Accessed 25 May 2022.

Mariupol: The 80 days that left a flourishing city in ruins by Paul Adams in London and Hugo Bachega in Dnipro, BBC News, 18 May 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61480988. Accessed 23 May 2022.

Mariupol evacuation will continue Monday; Pelosi leads delegation to Kyiv by Catherine Clifford and Katrina Bishop, CNBC, 2 May 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/01/live-updates-latest-news-on-russia-and-the-war-in-ukraine.html (text& video ). Accessed 4 May 2022.

‘It was a massacre’: Mariupol residents recall battle for Ukrainian city by Gareth Jones, Reuters, 30 April 2022, https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/it-was-massacre-mariupol-residents-recall-battle-ukrainian-city-2022-04-29/ (text & video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

‘Days or hours left’: Russia tightens the noose in Mariupol: The city’s defenders remained holed up in a mammoth steel plant, Politico , 21 April 2022, https://www.politico.com/news/2022/04/21/mariupol-russia-ukraine-war-00026818 (text). Accessed May 2022.

Timeline: The battle for Mariupol by Thomas Wintle, CGTN, updated 15 April 2022, https://newseu.cgtn.com/news/2022-04-14/Timeline-The-battle-for-Mariupol-19e4pnUrosg/index.html (text & video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Mariupol: Battle for key port city continues, Ukraine says BBC News, 11 April 2022, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61068650 (text & video). Accessed 4 May 2022.

Mariupol: Why Mariupol is so important to Russia’s plan by Frank Gardner,BBCsecurity correspondent, BBC, 21 March 2022, (text). Accessed 4 May 2022.

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Twitter Links

	Liubov Tsybulska@TsybulskaLiubov/Twitter, hybrid warfare expert. Founder of @StratcomCentre Former head of @HWAG_ucmc, an advisor to @MFA_Ukraine, @VikMuzhenko @GeneralStaffUA (2015-2019). https://twitter.com/TsybulskaLiubov
	Illia Ponomarenko (@IAPonomarenko) / Twitter , Defense reporter with The Kyiv Independent. War, weapons, beer & heavy metal. A village guy from Donbas in a crusade for something better, https://twitter.com/IAPonomarenko
	Olga Tokariuk(@olgatokariuk) / Twitter , Independent journalist. @CEPA

Olga Rudenko, https://twitter.com/olya_rudenko

Iryna Matviyishyn , https://twitter.com/IMatviyishyn

The Kyiv Independent is a huge news site in Ukraine, now. Some of the brave journalists named here are working alongside Kyiv Independent (https://kyivindependent.com/) to provide on-the-ground reporting from Ukraine, as well as news, analyses, investigations, opinions, podcasts and more.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine in Ukrainian, but it can translate to English , https://mfa.gov.ua/en

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DVDs

	Ashes in the snow Call #: DVD PN1997.2.A75 2019, 4.2 of 5 stars, 99 mins An artistic sixteen-year-old is forcefully separated from her family by Soviet soldiers and sent to one of Stalin’s work camps in Siberia. Despite suffering through cruel and harsh conditions, Lina finds refuge in the connections she makes with other deportees and in the art she continues to create to document her experiences.
	Catherine the Great Empress of Russia Call #: DVD DK170.C38447564 2006, produced and directed by Paul Burgess, 3.8 of 5 stars, 120 min Catherine the Great is a colorful, true story about a young girl, who transforms herself from an obscure German Princess into Russia’s most powerful regent. As Tsarina, she is influenced by Western Democratic ideas and does much to strengthen Russia’s standing in Europe. She has an astute intellect and is able to survive court intrigue to retain her crown.
	Enemy at the gates Call #: DVD D764.3.S7 C7 2007, Jude Law (Actor), Ed Harris (Actor), Jean-Jacques Annaud (Director, Producer, Writer), 4.7 of 5 stars, 2 hrs and 11 mins An all-star cast lights up the screen in this riveting epic hailed as “a vivid dramatization of one of history’s titanic turning points”. (Gene Shalit, Today) The year is 1942 and the Nazis are cutting a deadly swath through Russia. Under the leadership of Kruschev (Bob Hoskins), the citizens of Stalingrad are mounting a brave resistance, spurred by the exploits of their local hero, Vassili Zaitsev (Jude Law). An expert sniper, Vassili’s deeds have become legendary – thanks to propaganda produced by Vassili’s best friend, a political officer named Danilov (Joseph Fiennes). To stop Vassili, the Germans dispatch their best sniper, Major Konig (Ed Harris), to Stalingrad. When Vassili and Danilov both fall in love with a beautiful soldier (Rachel Weisz), Danilov deserts his friend, leaving Vassili to face his German counterpart alone. As the city burns, Vassili and Konig begin a cunning game of cat and mouse, waging a private war for courage, honor and country
	A History of Eastern Europe by Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius Call #: DVD DJK24.L58 2015, 5 out of 5 stars, 12 hrs and 4 min, part of The Great Courses series, 24 lectures Throughout history and into present times, Eastern Europe has shown itself to be pivotal in the course of world events. A History of Eastern Europe examines the region’s political upheavals, cultural and economic crises caused by huge population migrations, ethnic diversity, shifting borders, writers, artists and other impactful cultural figures.
	No place on earth: an incredible true story of strength and survival Call #: DVD DS135.U43 S7376 2013‎, 4.5 out of 5 stars, 1 hr 23 minutes, 2013 To avoid capture by the Nazis, five Jewish families sought asylum in the 77 miles of underground caves known as Priest’s Grotto in Ukraine. Though they had no experience living in caves, they stayed hidden there for over seventeen months – longer than any other recorded underground survival experience. In 1993, American cave explorer Chris Nicola found toys, shoes and other artifacts the cave dwellers left behind. After ten years of extensive research, Nicola located 14 of the original 38 cave dwellers. In No place on earth, they share their incredible story and visit the caves with their grandchildren.
	Russia land of the tsars Call #: DVD DK61.R87 2003, written & produced by Don Campbell; produced by Partisan Pictures for the History Channel. 4.7 of 5 stars, 3 hrs and 20 mins Its forests stretch from Europe to the Pacific. Its winters have vanquished the mightiest armies ever mustered. Its people have borne the excesses of some of history’s most notorious rulers. RUSSIA: LAND OF THE TSARS illuminates the imperial past of the world’s largest nation. At the heart of this epic tale are the figures whose names have become legend: Ivan the Terrible who expanded the empire at the rate of 50 miles-and innumerable lives-a day; Peter the Great whose sweeping reforms westernized the nation; and Catherine the Great whose rule was marked by conquest change and controversy. Filmed on location throughout Russia enriched by exclusive visits to important sites and museums and filled with commentary from renowned scholars this is a kaleidoscopic captivating portrait of a land that has endured centuries of despair and rebellion innovation and conflict. DVD Features: 3 Episodes of A&E’s Award-Winning Series Biography: Peter the Great: The Tyrant Reformer Ivan the Terrible: Might and Madness Rasputin: The Mad Monk; Tsar Timeline; Interactive Menus; Scene Selection.
	Russian revolution in color Call #: DVD DK265.R8 R87 2004, 4.3 of 5 stars, 1 hr and 30 mins Colorized archival footage from the turbulent early days of Russian Communism help illuminate the Revolution and it’s causes and effects.
	Siberia: How the East Was Won Call #: DVD DK761.S45x 2004, 5 of 5 stars, 1 hr and 34 mins While a neophyte United States expanded west, Russia conquered an inhospitable territory to its east–Siberia, a vast land of majestic beauty and abundant natural resources. This is the little-known story of how the east was won, Russian-style–from settlement by ancestors of North America’s indigenous people; 16th-century Cossack invasion; the 1890s, when the Trans-Siberian Railroad enabled convict labor; Communism’s arrival in 1917; and the rush to develop heavy industry. And when the Iron Curtain finally fell, capitalism arrived–accompanied by crime, drugs, prostitution, abandoned children, and AIDS. Yet our feature-length special reveals Siberia’s sense of hope and promise. Buried deep beneath Siberia’s frozen soil lies oil–and Siberia sprouted dozens of Wild East Towns to exploit it!
	The Soviet story: a documentary film Call #: DVD DK268.S68 2008, 4.4 of 5 stars, 1 h 25 min This is a story of an Allied power, which helped the Nazis to fight Jews and which slaughtered its own people on an industrial scale. Assisted by the West, this power triumphed on May 9th, 1945. Its crimes were made taboo, and the complete story of Europe’s most murderous regime has never been told. Until now…
	Ukraine in Flames/Victory In Soviet Ukraine: Restored Call #: DVD coming soon to UAHT Library, 4.2 out of 5 stars, 2 hrs 21 minutes, 2012 Part 1 Ukraine in Flames: Battles of Lvov, Odessa, and Kiev Part 2 Victory in Soviet Ukraine : Battles of Kharkov, Polesye, Zaporozhye, Zvenigorodka, Lysyanka, Tornopol, Prosnikov, Korsun, Shechenkovsky, Korosten, Zhitomir, Kiev, Odessa, and Lvov.
	Ukraine on Fire Call #: DVD coming soon to UAHT Library, 4.2 out of 5 stars, 1 h 33 min, 2017 Features interviews with Russian President Vladimir Putin, former Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych, and former Minister Internal Affairs Vitaliy Zakharchenko following the 2014 demonstrations revealing secret efforts by Western clandestine agencies working with rightist forces, that led to regime change. Starring and produced by Oliver Stone.
	The way back Call #: DVD PN1997.W358 2011, Jim Sturgess (Actor), Ed Harris (Actor), Peter Weir (Director, Writer). 4.6 of 5 stars, 2 hrs and 13 mins Inspired by an incredible true story, The Way Back begins in 1940 when seven prisoners attempt the impossible: escape from a brutal Siberian gulag. Thus begins a treacherous 4,500-mile trek to freedom across the world’s most merciless landscapes. They have little food and few supplies. They don’t know or trust each other. But together, they must withstand nature at its most extreme. Their humanity is further tested when they meet a teenage runaway who begs to join them on their quest. A compelling testament to the human spirit, this gripping wilderness adventure is “Peter Weir at his hypnotic best” (Telluride Film Festival).

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Non-fiction: Ukraine, Soviet Rule & Russia

	Barbarossa: the first 7 days by Will Fowler Call #: D764.F6827 2004, 4.6 of 5 stars, 192 pages. On 22 June 1941 The Germans launched their long-expected invasion of the Soviet Union. Codenamed “Operation Barbarossa,” after the famous 12th century crusading emperor, what followed was perhaps the greatest clash of arms the world has ever witnessed. With the aid of specially commissioned maps, Barbarossa: The First 7 Days describes the dramatic history of the first week of the invasion of the Soviet Union. The book begins with an extensive overview of the Wehrmacht’s success up until 1941, followed by chapters outlining the German High Command’s plan of attack and the defensive dispositions of the Soviet forces. The author goes on to describe the opening bombardment, followed by detailed accounts of the three Army Groups’ fortunes in the first week of the campaign. The book finishes with an analysis of the remainder of the campaign and the ultimate failure of the Germans to destroy the Red Army and capture Moscow. With first hand accounts from both sides, vivid photographs, detailed fact boxes, and specially commissioned maps of the German advance and the Soviet defensive actions, Barbarossa: The First 7 Days is a comprehensive examination of the first week of the four-year war on the Eastern Front.
	The Blitzkrieg campaigns: Germany’s “lightning war” strategy in action by John Delaney Call #: D755.D46 1996, 176 pages. Blitzkrieg! The word quickly entered the English language over fifty years ago as the ‘lightning war’ strategy it described had an effect over eastern and western Europe to the same degree that other major military advancements had throughout history. Suddenly a whole army had proved able to cross a defended continent at a pace never dreamt of before. It was a tactic which could and should have brought success; it very nearly did! In this volume the author describes the conception and evolution of the technique before showing how it was deployed against national forces not able to comprehend it let along counter it. He complements his deeply researched and detailed text with an unprecedented photographic coverage of the campaigns – more than 40% of the images used have not appeared in previous books. Encompassing the application of the Blitzkrieg technique to the campaigns in Poland and Russia as well as the famed dash across Belgium and France, this book provides an excellently balanced account of one of military history’s most brilliantly successful developments.
	Blood red snow: the memoirs of a German soldier on the Eastern Front by Günter K. Koschorrek Call #: D811.K61413 2002, 4.5 of 5 stars, 320 pages. For the German soldier fighting under Hitler, keeping a diary was strictly forbidden. So Gunter Koschorrek, a fresh young recruit, wrote his notes on whatever scraps of paper he could find and sewed the pages into the lining of his winter coat. Left with his mother on his rare trips home, this illicit diary eventually was lost—and did not come to light until some 40 years later when Koschorrek was reunited with his daughter in America. It is this remarkable document, a unique day-to-day account of the common German soldier’s experience, that makes up the memoir that is Blood Red Snow.
	Bloodlands: Europe between Hitler and Stalin by Timothy Snyder Call #: DJK49.S69 2012, 4.6 of 5 stars, 560 pages. Bloodlands is a new kind of European history, presenting the mass murders committed by the Nazi and Stalinist regimes as two aspects of a single history, in the time and place where they occurred: between Germany and Russia, when Hitler and Stalin both held power. Assiduously researched, deeply humane, and utterly definitive, Bloodlands will be required reading for anyone seeking to understand the central tragedy of modern history. Bloodlands won twelve awards including the Emerson Prize in the Humanities, a Literature Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, the Leipzig Award for European Understanding, and the Hannah Arendt Prize in Political Thought. It has been translated into more than thirty languages, was named to twelve book-of-the-year lists, and was a bestseller in six countries.
	The Breakup of communism: the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe edited by Matthew A. Kraljic Call #: HX240.7.A6 B73 1993
	Building Ukraine from Within: a Sociological, Institutional, and Economic Analysis of a Nation-State in the Making by Anton Oleinik. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database; requires EBSCO login, 420 pages Anton Oleinik argues that Ukraine is currently going through a revolutionary period aimed at building a nation-state and its aftermath. Ukraine is a latecomer in this process, especially compared with most other European countries. Its outcomes cannot be predicted with certainty. It is yet to be seen if a current surge in volunteerism and bottom-up civic initiatives will lead to the emergence of a viable and sustainable national democratic system in this country.
	A century of violence in Soviet Russia by Aleksandr Nikolaevich Yakovlev Call #: HX311.5.I3513 2002, 4.5 of 5 stars, 274 pages. The main architect of the concept of perestroika under Gorbachev, Alexander N. Yakovlev played a unique role in the transformation of the Soviet Union. Now, drawing on his own experiences and on his privileged access to state and Party archives, he reflects on the evils of the system that shaped the country he loves. “A searing book.”—Bill Keller, New York Times “Well documented. . . . [Yakovlev] provides a systematic and keenly insightful analysis of the Bolshevik Revolution and the Soviet system up to its collapse. . . . This is a book that deserves to be widely read.”—Aurel Braun, Globe and Mail (Toronto) “Among the best 250 pages you will ever read on Stalin.”—Simon Sebag Montefiore, Sunday Times “A fierce, raging indictment of the Soviet system.”—Virginia Quarterly Review “The quest for truth and justice erupts with explosive force in [this].”—David Pryce-Jones, National Review
	Communism by Alfred G. Meyer Call #: HX40.M43 1984 Concise primer on communism discusses its origins in Marxism and Leninism and examines such recent developments as the Sino-Soviet split
	The Cossack myth: history and nationhood in the age of empires by Serhii Plokhy. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login, 4.9 of 5 stars, 408 pages. In the years following the Napoleonic Wars, a mysterious manuscript began to circulate among the dissatisfied noble elite of the Russian Empire. Entitled The History of the Rus’, it became one of the most influential historical texts of the modern era. Attributed to an eighteenth-century Orthodox archbishop, it described the heroic struggles of the Ukrainian Cossacks. Alexander Pushkin read the book as a manifestation of Russian national spirit but Taras Shevchenko interpreted it as a quest for Ukrainian national liberation and it would inspire thousands of Ukrainians to fight for the freedom of their homeland. Serhii Plokhy tells the fascinating story of the text’s discovery and dissemination unravelling the mystery of its authorship and tracing its subsequent impact on Russian and Ukrainian historical and literary imagination. In so doing he brilliantly illuminates the relationship between history, myth, empire and nationhood from Napoleonic times to the fall of the Soviet Union.
	The Crimean nexus: Putin’s war and the clash of civilizations by Konstantin Pleshakov. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login, 4.4 out of 5 stars, 130 pages “As good a guide as we can hope for the tangle in which Crimea is enmeshed. He writes well, and presents his account as even-handed.”—Andrew Sheppard, East-West Nexus — Published: 2017-05-01
	Crisis in Ukraine by Foreign Affairs Magazine Call #: DK508.849.C75 2014, 3.6 out of 5 stars, 130 pages Crisis in Ukraine sets the stage for understanding eastern Europe, what is at stake there, and what will come next.
	Czars: 400 years of imperial grandeur: essays by I.A. Bobrovnitskay [et al.] Call #: DK37.8.R6 C93 2002 Catalogue of the exhibition presented by WONDERS of The Romanov Dynasty.
	The dead hand: the untold story of the Cold War arms race and its dangerous legacy by David E. Hoffman Call #: U264.H645 2010, 4.5 of 5 stars, 577 pages. The first full account of how the Cold War arms race finally came to a close, this riveting narrative history sheds new light on the people who struggled to end this era of massive overkill, and examines the legacy of the nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons that remain a threat today. Drawing on memoirs, interviews in both Russia and the US, and classified documents from deep inside the Kremlin, David E. Hoffman examines the inner motives and secret decisions of each side and details the deadly stockpiles that remained unsecured as the Soviet Union collapsed. This is the fascinating story of how Reagan, Gorbachev, and a previously unheralded collection of scientists, soldiers, diplomats, and spies changed the course of history.
	The dissolution of the Soviet Union edited by Myra Immell Call #: DK288.D58 2010, 192 pages. Twenty-three essays present varying perspectives on issues surrounding the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
	The end of the Russian Empire by Michael T. Florinsky Call #: DK265.F5 1961, 5 of 5 stars, 298 pages. This economic, political, and social study by a distinguished Russian authority uses a wealth of contemporary evidence—state documents, memoirs, correspondence, statistics—to analyze “the forces which brought about the fall of the Tsars and paved the way for Bolshevism” in the crucial years 1914-1917. Beginning with a survey of the state of the Russian Empire on the eve of World War I, Professor Florinsky shows how the Imperial system failed to meet the challenges raised by that conflict and why the Bolsheviks were able to assume control of the national Revolution. Every aspect of the collapse is scrutinized, from the absolutist tradition inherited by Nicholas II to the estrangement of the intelligentsia, from the peasant masses, whose only aims were peace and land. The principals are strikingly portrayed—Tsar Nicholas, Tsaritsa Alexandra, Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, and Rasputin—as are the breakdown of the ministerial bureaucracy, the impotence of the Duma and Union of Zemstvos, and the colossal losses of the army. This richly documented account of the Provisional Government’s failure to meet the nation’s Revolutionary goals and of the Bolsheviks’ spectacular success in formulating and giving voice to Russian aspirations is basic to an understanding of the origins of today’s Soviet state.
	Enemy at the gates by William Craig Call #: D764.3.S7 C7 2001, 4.6 of 5 stars, 458 pages. Two madmen, Hitler and Stalin, engaged in a death struggle that would determine the course of history at staggering cost of human life. Craig has written the definitive book on one of the most terrible battles ever fought. With 24 pages of photos.
	Epic journey: the life and times of Wasyl Kushnir by Andrei Kushnir. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login, 5 of 5 stars, 227 pages Wasyl Andreievych Kushnir was born in Ukraine in 1923, and was witness to the tragedies and horrors of the early years of collectivization under the Soviet regime in his homeland. His father fought in the Ukrainian National Army against the Russian Bolshevik invasion and ultimate occupation of Ukraine, and his grandfather was murdered by Chekist Bolsheviks. Early in Wasyl’s life, his family’s home and all personal possessions were confiscated by the communist authorities, and both parents were exiled, his father to Siberia, and mother to a prison in Mariopol. His uncle Danylo was also arrested and exiled to forced labor in Siberia, and then to Komi SSR. During this period, Ukraine experienced genocidal famine, and Wasyl himself suffered hunger during the Ukrainian Holodomor (“extermination by hunger”), in which millions perished. Upon the escape of his parents from prison camps, the family reunited, only to be torn apart again during World War II when Wasyl was taken by the Nazis as a slave laborer to Germany. At the war’s conclusion, Wasyl drove trucks for the American Army in Germany, and married his wife, Maria, also a forced labor survivor, who bore him two sons. The family ultimately emigrated to Mississippi, and then Chicago, Illinois where two other children were born. Wasyl pursued the American dream, sought an education, and was ultimately successful in business, retiring in Florida where he spent his last years. The story of Wasyl’s life, which extended almost a century, is told by his son Andrei in his father’s voice. Andrei combined his father’s memories, written longhand in Ukrainian, with translated documents and additional narrative. This non-fiction work attests to the struggle for survival under the harsh Soviet regime in Ukraine, the courage and persistence of one remarkable man, the importance of family, and the strength and endurance of the human spirit.
	Everything flows by Vasiliĭ Semenovich Grossman Call #: PG3476.G7 V813 2009, 4.6 of 5 stars, 272 pages. Everything Flows is Vasily Grossman’s final testament, written after the Soviet authorities suppressed his masterpiece, Life and Fate. The main story is simple: released after thirty years in the Soviet camps, Ivan Grigoryevich must struggle to find a place for himself in an unfamiliar world. But in a novel that seeks to take in the whole tragedy of Soviet history, Ivan’s story is only one among many. Thus we also hear about Ivan’s cousin, Nikolay, a scientist who never let his conscience interfere with his career, and Pinegin, the informer who got Ivan sent to the camps. Then a brilliant short play interrupts the narrative: a series of informers steps forward, each making excuses for the inexcusable things that he did—inexcusable and yet, the informers plead, in Stalinist Russia understandable, almost unavoidable. And at the core of the book, we find the story of Anna Sergeyevna, Ivan’s lover, who tells about her eager involvement as an activist in the Terror famine of 1932–33, which led to the deaths of three to five million Ukrainian peasants. Here Everything Flows attains an unbearable lucidity comparable to the last cantos of Dante’s Inferno.
	A failed empire: the Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev by V. M (Vladislav Martinovich) Zubok Call #: DK274.Z825 2007, 4.6 of 5 stars, 504 pages. In this widely praised book, Vladislav Zubok argues that Western interpretations of the Cold War have erred by exaggerating either the Kremlin’s pragmatism or its aggressiveness. Explaining the interests, aspirations, illusions, fears, and misperceptions of the Kremlin leaders and Soviet elites, Zubok offers a Soviet perspective on the greatest standoff of the twentieth century. Using recently declassified Politburo records, ciphered telegrams, diaries, and taped conversations, among other sources, Zubok offers the first work in English to cover the entire Cold War from the Soviet side. A Failed Empire provides a history quite different from those written by the Western victors. In a new preface for this edition, the author adds to our understanding of today’s events in Russia, including who the new players are and how their policies will affect the state of the world in the twenty-first century.
	From Chernobyl with Love: Reporting from the Ruins of the Soviet Union by Katya Cengel. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login, 4.7 of 5 stars, 304 pages. In the wake of the fall of the Berlin Wall, the late twentieth century was a time of unprecedented hope for democracy and freedom in Eastern Europe. The collapse of the Soviet Union left in its wake a number of independent countries where the Scorpions’ 1990 pop ballad “Wind of Change” became a rallying cry. Communist propaganda was finally being displaced by Western ideals of a free press. Less than two decades ago, young writers, journalists, and adventurers such as Katya Cengel flocked from the West eastward to cities like Prague and Budapest, seeking out terra nova. Despite the region’s appeal, neither Kyiv in the Ukraine nor Riga in Latvia was the type of place you would expect to find a twenty-two-year-old Californian just out of college. Kyiv was too close to Moscow. Riga was too small to matter—and too cold. But Cengel ended up living and working in both. This book is her remarkable story. Cengel first took a job at the Baltic Times just seven years after Latvia regained its independence. The idea of a free press in the Eastern Bloc was still so promising that she ultimately moved to the Ukraine. From there Cengel made several trips to Chernobyl, site of the world’s worst nuclear disaster. It was at Chernobyl that she met her fiancé, but as she fell in love, the Ukraine collapsed into what would become the Orange Revolution, bringing it to the brink of political disintegration and civil war. Ultimately, this fall of idealism in the East underscores Cengel’s own loss of innocence. From Chernobyl with Love is an indelible portrait of this historical epoch and a memoir of the highest order.
	Ghost wars: the secret history of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet invasion to September 10, 2001 by Steve Coll Call #: DS371.2.C63 2005, 4.6 of 5 stars, 736 pages. Winner of the 2005 Pulitzer Prize. “The CIA itself would be hard put to beat his grasp of global events . . . Deeply satisfying.” —The New York Review of Books From the award-winning and bestselling author of Directorate S, the explosive first-hand account of America’s secret history in Afghanistan. To what extent did America’s best intelligence analysts grasp the rising thread of Islamist radicalism? Who tried to stop bin Laden and why did they fail? Comprehensively and for the first time, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Steve Coll recounts the history of the covert wars in Afghanistan that fueled Islamic militancy and sowed the seeds of the September 11 attacks. Based on scrupulous research and firsthand accounts by key government, intelligence, and military personnel both foreign and American, Ghost Wars details the secret history of the CIA’s role in Afghanistan (including its covert operations against Soviet troops from 1979 to 1989), the rise of the Taliban, the emergence of bin Laden, and the failed efforts by U.S. forces to find and assassinate bin Laden in Afghanistan.
	Gulag boss: a Soviet memoir by Fyodor Vasilevich Mochulsky Call #: DK268.M59 A3 2012, 4.3 of 5 stars, 229 pages. The searing accounts of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Evgeniia Ginsberg and Varlam Shalamov opened the world’s eyes to the terrors of the Soviet Gulag. But not until now has there been a memoir of life inside the camps written from the perspective of an actual employee of the Secret police. In this riveting memoir, superbly translated by Deborah Kaple, Fyodor Mochulsky describes being sent to work as a boss at the forced labor camp of Pechorlag in the frozen tundra north of the Arctic Circle. Only twenty-two years old, he had but a vague idea of the true nature of the Gulag. What he discovered was a world of unimaginable suffering and death, a world where men were starved, beaten, worked to death, or simply executed. Mochulsky details the horrific conditions in the camps and the challenges facing all those involved, from prisoners to guards. He depicts the power struggles within the camps between the secret police and the communist party, between the political prisoners (most of whom had been arrested for the generic crime of “counter-revolutionary activities”) and the criminal convicts. And because Mochulsky writes of what he witnessed with the detachment of the engineer that he was, readers can easily understand how a system that destroyed millions of lives could be run by ordinary Soviet citizens who believed they were advancing the cause of socialism. Mochulsky remained a communist party member his entire life–he would later become a diplomat–but was deeply troubled by the gap between socialist theory and the Soviet reality of slave labor and mass murder. This unprecedented memoir takes readers into that reality and sheds new light on one of the most harrowing tragedies of the 20th century.
	A history of Ukraine: the land and its peoples by Paul R. Magocsi Call #: DK508.51.M34 2010, 4.7 out of 5 stars, 896 pages First published in 1996, A History of Ukraine quickly became the authoritative account of the evolution of Europe’s second largest country. In this fully revised and expanded second edition, Paul Robert Magocsi examines recent developments in the country’s history and uses new scholarship in order to expand our conception of the Ukrainian historical narrative. New chapters deal with the Crimean Khanate in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and new research on the pre-historic Trypillians, the Italians of the Crimea and the Black Death, the Karaites, Ottoman and Crimean slavery, Soviet-era ethnic cleansing, and the Orange Revolution is incorporated. Magocsi has also thoroughly updated the many maps that appear throughout. Maintaining his depiction of the multicultural reality of past and present Ukraine, Magocsi has added new information on Ukraine’s peoples and discusses Ukraine’s diasporas. Comprehensive, innovative, and geared towards teaching, the second edition of A History of Ukraine is ideal for both teachers and students.
	Hitler’s Arctic War: the German campaigns in Norway, Finland, and the USSR 1940-1945 by Dr. Chris Mann Call #: D763.N6 M26 2002, 4.2 of 5 stars, 224 pages. “The Scandinavian theatre of WW2 is often overlooked as a peripheral area of limited significance, yet this book demonstrates its strategic importance and the considerable resources which both sides were obliged to commit there, despite the extraordinary challenges of moving and supplying armies in horrendous weather across utterly remote, inaccessible terrain. Much of it concerns the remarkable efforts of the Finns, in resisting the Russian invasion of 1939, the later fighting alongside their German Allies to destabilise Stalin’s northern flank, and their ultimately successful struggle to preserve their independence in the face of inevitable defeat. The book also describes the invasion o f Norway in 1940, and Hitler’s obsession with this country which, despite desperate need elsewhere, remained garrisoned by an extremely large force until the end of the War. A large chapter is devoted to the British Arctic Convoys, which ran a perilous gauntlet of bombers, u-boats and battleships, to bring desperately needed supplies to Russia. Each of these are enormous subjects in their own right and so this book can only be seen as an overview, yet it is lavishly furnished with photographs, and the concise narrative provides a gripping introduction to this very different war.” — Pegasus Archive
	The hungry steppe: famine, violence, and the making of Soviet Kazakhstan by Sarah I. Cameron, 4.7 out of 5 stars, 294 pages. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login. “In The Hungry Steppe, Sarah Cameron presents a well-researched and well-written history of the famines and other traumatic experiences that Kazakh pastoralists endured during the first two decades of Soviet rule.” — Mark B. Tauger, West Virginia University, Slavonic And East European Review
	Iron curtain: the crushing of Eastern Europe, 1944-1956 by Anne Applebaum Call #: DJK45.S65 A67 2013, 4.6 of 5 stars. In the long-awaited follow-up to her Pulitzer Prize-winning Gulag, acclaimed journalist Anne Applebaum delivers a groundbreaking history of how Communism took over Eastern Europe after World War II and transformed in frightening fashion the individuals who came under its sway. At the end of World War II, the Soviet Union to its surprise and delight found itself in control of a huge swath of territory in Eastern Europe. Stalin and his secret police set out to convert a dozen radically different countries to Communism, a completely new political and moral system. In Iron Curtain, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Anne Applebaum describes how the Communist regimes of Eastern Europe were created and what daily life was like once they were complete. She draws on newly opened East European archives, interviews, and personal accounts translated for the first time to portray in devastating detail the dilemmas faced by millions of individuals trying to adjust to a way of life that challenged their every belief and took away everything they had accumulated. Today the Soviet Bloc is a lost civilization, one whose cruelty, paranoia, bizarre morality, and strange aesthetics Applebaum captures in the electrifying pages of Iron Curtain.
	Journey into the whirlwind by Evgeniia Semenovna Ginzburg Call #: DK268.3.G513 1975, 4.5 of 5 stars, 432 pages. Journey into the Whirlwind is Eugenia Semyonovna Ginzburg’s courageous memoir of her harrowing eighteen-year odyssey through the Soviet Union’s prisons and labor camps. By the late 1930s, Eugenia Semyonovna Ginzburg had been a loyal and very active member of the Communist Party for many years. Yet like millions of others who suffered during Stalin’s reign of terror, she was arrested—on trumped-up charges of being a Trotskyist terrorist and counter-revolutionary—and sentenced to prison. With an amazing eye for detail, profound strength, and an indefatigable spirit, Ginzburg recounts the years, days, and minutes she endured in prisons and labor camps, including two years of solitary confinement. A classic account of survival, Journey into the Whirlwind is considered one of the most important documents of Stalin’s regime. “Stands side by side with Nadezhda Mandelstam’s memoirs and Solzhenitsyn’s The Gulag Archipelago>/i>.”—Hannah Arendt, author of The Origins of Totalitarianism “An intensely personal and passionately felt document in which every syllable clangors with awful authenticity.”—Time
	The last empire: the final days of the Soviet Union by Serhii Plokhy Call #: DK286.P57 2014, 4.4 out of 5 stars, ‎ 544 pages “Almost a day-by-day, blow-by-blow account of the actions and reactions of the main figures…. Very relevant to today’s Ukrainian crisis…very well recounted.” ―Literary Review (UK)
	Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: the age of social catastrophe by Robert Gellately Call #: JC495.G45 2007, 4.5 of 5 stars, 752 pages. A bold new accounting of the great social and political upheavals that enveloped Europe between 1914 and 1945—from the Russian Revolution through the Second World War. In Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler, acclaimed historian Robert Gellately focuses on the dominant powers of the time, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, but also analyzes the catastrophe of those years in an effort to uncover its political and ideological nature. Arguing that the tragedies endured by Europe were inextricably linked through the dictatorships of Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler, Gellately explains how the pursuit of their “utopian” ideals turned into dystopian nightmares. Dismantling the myth of Lenin as a relatively benevolent precursor to Hitler and Stalin and contrasting the divergent ways that Hitler and Stalin achieved their calamitous goals, Gellately creates in Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler a vital analysis of a critical period in modern history.
	Lenin’s TombCall #: DK288.R46 1994, 4.7 of 5 stars, 624 pages. Winner of the Pulitzer Prize and one of the The New York Times Best Books of the Year: From the editor of The New Yorker: a riveting account of the collapse of the Soviet Union, which has become the standard book on the subject. Lenin’s Tomb combines the global vision of the best historical scholarship with the immediacy of eyewitness journalism. Remnick takes us through the tumultuous 75-year period of Communist rule leading up to the collapse and gives us the voices of those who lived through it, from democratic activists to Party members, from anti-Semites to Holocaust survivors, from Gorbachev to Yeltsin to Sakharov. An extraordinary history of an empire undone, Lenin’s Tomb stands as essential reading for our times.
	Life and fate by Vasilii Semenovich Grossman Call #: PG3476.G7 Z3513 2011, 5 of 5 stars. Life and Fate manages to excite, move and disturb the reader from the first line and resists — if it does not exceed — the comparison with other masterpieces such as War and Peace or Doctor Zhivago. In the Battle of Stalingrad, the Nazi army and Soviet troops write one of the bloodiest pages in history. But history is also made up of small scraps of life of the people who fight to survive the terror of the Stalinist regime and the horror of extermination in the camps, so that freedom is not crushed by the yoke of totalitarianism, so that the human being don’t lose your ability to feel and love. There are few novels in literature that have managed to convey this with such intensity. Life and Fate is a war novel, a family saga, a political novel, a love novel. It’s all that and much more. Vasili Grossman perhaps aspired to change the world with his novel, but what is certain is that Life and Fate changes the life of those who enter its pages.
	Masters of death: the SS-Einsatzgruppen and the invention of the Holocaust by Richard Rhodes Call #: D804.3.R53 2002, 4.8 of 5 stars, pages. In Masters of Death, Richard Rhodes gives full weight, for the first time, to the Einsatzgruppen’s role in the Holocaust. These “special task forces”, organized by Heinrich Himmler to follow the German army as it advanced into Eastern Poland and Russia, were the agents of the first phase of the Final Solution. They murdered more than one and a half million men, women, and children between 1941 and 1943, often by shooting them into killing pits, as at Babi Yar. These massive crimes have been generally overlooked or underestimated by Holocaust historians, who have focused on the gas chambers. In this painstaking account, Pulitzer Prize-winning author Richard Rhodes profiles the eastern campaign’s architects as well as its “ordinary” soldiers and policemen and helps us understand how such men were conditioned to carry out mass murder. Marshaling a vast array of documents and the testimony of perpetrators and survivors, this book is an essential contribution to our understanding of the Holocaust and World War II.
	Midnight in Chernobyl by Adam Higginbotham UAHT Call #: TK1362.U38 H54 2019, 4.7 out of 5 stars, 560 pages Drawing on hundreds of hours of interviews conducted over the course of more than ten years, as well as letters, unpublished memoirs, and documents from recently-declassified archives, Adam Higginbotham brings the disaster to life through the eyes of the men and women who witnessed it firsthand. The result is a “riveting, deeply reported reconstruction” (Los Angeles Times) and a definitive account of an event that changed history: a story that is more complex, more human, and more terrifying than the Soviet myth.
	Natasha’s dance: a cultural history of Russia by Orlando Figes Call #: DK32.F54 2002, 4.6 of 5 stars, 784 pages A People’s Tragedy, wrote Eric Hobsbawm, did “more to help us understand the Russian Revolution than any other book I know.” Now, in Natasha’s Dance, internationally renowned historian Orlando Figes does the same for Russian culture, summoning the myriad elements that formed a nation and held it together. Beginning in the eighteenth century with the building of St. Petersburg–a “window on the West”–and culminating with the challenges posed to Russian identity by the Soviet regime, Figes examines how writers, artists, and musicians grappled with the idea of Russia itself–its character, spiritual essence, and destiny. He skillfully interweaves the great works–by Dostoevsky, Stravinsky, and Chagall–with folk embroidery, peasant songs, religious icons, and all the customs of daily life, from food and drink to bathing habits to beliefs about the spirit world. Figes’s characters range high and low: the revered Tolstoy, who left his deathbed to search for the Kingdom of God, as well as the serf girl Praskovya, who became Russian opera’s first superstar and shocked society by becoming her owner’s wife. Like the European-schooled countess Natasha performing an impromptu folk dance in Tolstoy’s War and Peace, the spirit of “Russianness” is revealed by Figes as rich and uplifting, complex and contradictory–a powerful force that unified a vast country and proved more lasting than any Russian ruler or state.
	The Origins of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus by Serhii Plokhy. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login, 4.8 of 5 stars, 400 pages. This book documents developments in the countries of eastern Europe, including the rise of authoritarian tendencies in Russia and Belarus, as well as the victory of the democratic ‘Orange Revolution’ in Ukraine, and poses important questions about the origins of the East Slavic nations and the essential similarities or differences between their cultures. It traces the origins of the modern Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian nations by focusing on pre-modern forms of group identity among the Eastern Slavs. It also challenges attempts to ‘nationalize’ the Rus’ past on behalf of existing national projects, laying the groundwork for understanding of the pre-modern history of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. The book covers the period from the Christianization of Kyivan Rus’ in the tenth century to the reign of Peter I and his eighteenth-century successors, by which time the idea of nationalism had begun to influence the thinking of East Slavic elites.
	A people’s tragedy: the Russian Revolution, 1891-1924 by Orlando Figes Call #: DK260.F54 1997, 4.8 of 5 stars, 1024 pages. It is history on an epic yet human scale. Vast in scope, exhaustive in original research, written with passion, narrative skill, and human sympathy, A People’s Tragedy is a profound account of the Russian Revolution for a new generation. Many consider the Russian Revolution to be the most significant event of the twentieth century. Distinguished scholar Orlando Figes presents a panorama of Russian society on the eve of that revolution, and then narrates the story of how these social forces were violently erased. Within the broad stokes of war and revolution are miniature histories of individuals, in which Figes follows the main players’ fortunes as they saw their hopes die and their world crash into ruins. Unlike previous accounts that trace the origins of the revolution to overreaching political forces and ideals, Figes argues that the failure of democracy in 1917 was deeply rooted in Russian culture and social history and that what had started as a people’s revolution contained the seeds of its degeneration into violence and dictatorship. A People’s Tragedy is a masterful and original synthesis by a mature scholar, presented in a compelling and accessibly human narrative.
	The post-Soviet wars: rebellion, ethnic conflict, and nationhood in the Caucasus by Christoph Zürcher Call #: DK509.Z87 2009, 4 of 5 stars, 308 pages.
	Red famine: Stalin’s war on Ukraine by Anna Applebaum Call #: DK508.8374.A67 2018, 4.7 out of 5 stars, 608 pages “Applebaum chronicles in almost unbearably intimate detail the ruin wrought upon Ukraine by Josef Stalin and the Soviet state apparatus he had built on suspicion, paranoia, and fear. . . . Applebaum gives a chorus of contemporary voices to the tale, and her book is written in the light of later history, with the fate of Ukraine once again in the international spotlight and Ukrainians realizing with newly-relevant intensity that, as Red Famine reminds us, ‘History offers hope as well as tragedy.’” —Steve Donoghue, Christian Science Monitor
	Red storm on the Reich: the Soviet march on Germany, 1945 by Christopher Duffy Call #: D764.D797 1991, 4.3 of 5 stars, 403 pages. Duffy, a senior lecturer in military history at the British Royal Military Academy in Sandhurst, reminds us that the war against Hitler was essentially won on the Eastern front. In this solidly researched study he describes the Soviet assault on Germany from January to April 1945, tracing events from the start of the Vistula offensive up to but not including the capture of Berlin (“on which very many works have already been written”). It is the story of two massive Red Army groups under marshals I. V. Konev and G. K. Zhukov, their drive across western Poland into Germany, and the futile defensive measures of the German forces. Given the overwhelming superiority of troops and tanks, the Soviet advance was well-nigh inexorable, as Duffy shows, with Zhukov and Konev pausing only to deal with cut-off German strongpoints. The author has interesting things to say in regard to the savagery of the Russian troops once they crossed into the German homeland. Recommended for serious students of modern military strategy, the book presents a comprehensive picture of the epic-scale warfare on the Eastern front in 1945. — Copyright 1991 Reed Business Information, Inc.
	Savage continent: Europe in the aftermath of World War II by Keith Lowe Call #: D829.E8 L68 2013, 4.5 out of 5 stars, 496 pages “A graphic and chilling account of the murderous vengeance, terroristic reprisals, and ferocious ethnic cleansing that gripped Europe following–and often as a direct continuation of–the Second World War. Keith Lowe’s excellent book paints a little-known and frightening picture of a continent in the embrace of lawlessness, chaos, and unconstrained violence.” ―Ian Kershaw, author of The End: The Defiance and Destruction of Hitler’s Germany, 1944–1945
	SS: hell on the Eastern front: the Waffen-SS war in Russia, 1941-1945 by Christopher Ailsby. Call #: D764.A4435 1998, 4.7 of 5 stars, 192 pages. A fascinating and detailed account of every aspect of the Waffen-SS’s war on the Eastern Front: its battles, its organization, tactics, and equipment. Read what it was like to take part in Operation ‘Barbarossa’, the opening assault against Russia in the summer of 1941; the clash of massed armor at Kursk; and other epic encounters of war in the East. Ailsby also provides detailed insight into how Waffen-SS individuals and units met and often mastered their Red Army adversaries.
	Stalin’s Nomads: Power and Famine in Kazakhstan. by Robert Kindler, 4 out of 5 stars, 328 pages. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login. “Kindler’s book sheds important light on the way Stalinism functioned practically at both high and humble levels and hints at important parallels between events in Kazakhstan and elsewhere in the Soviet Union during collectivization. It represents an important perspective and a major contribution to our understanding of the famine.” —Ian W. Campbell, Russian Review
	Stalingrad: the infernal cauldron, 1942-1943 by Stephen Walsh Call #: D764.3.S7 W35 2000, 4.5 of 5 stars, 176 pages. The German invasion of Russia was Hitler’s biggest gamble in his quest for “Lebensraum” in the East–and it was at Stalingrad that his gamble failed. Stalingrad: The Infernal Cauldron is a detailed history of Hitler’s great failure, and a comprehensive account of one of the most important battles of World War II. With full-color strategic maps, 170 black and white photographs, over half of which have never before been published, and detailed appendices that contain information on orders of battle, losses, and equipment, Stalingrad is an exhaustive account of the battle that bled the German army dry, and turned the war in the East decisively against the Germans.
	Starving Ukraine: the Holodomor and Canada’s response by Serge Cipko, 5 out of 5 stars, 400 pages. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login. Starving Ukraine examines Canada’s reporting on the 1932-33 Holodomor (“extermination by hunger”) that killed millions as it swept through Ukraine, killing millions and the country’s response to it.
	Total wars and the making of modern Ukraine, 1914-1954. by George Liber. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login, 420 pages Between 1914 and 1954, the Ukrainian-speaking territories in East Central Europe suffered almost 15 million “excess deaths” as well as numerous large-scale evacuations and forced population transfers. These losses were the devastating consequences of the two world wars, revolutions, famines, genocidal campaigns, and purges that wracked Europe in the first half of the twentieth century and spread new ideas, created new political and economic systems, and crafted new identities. In Total Wars and the Making of Modern Ukraine, 1914–1954, George O. Liber argues that the continuous violence of the world wars and interwar years transformed the Ukrainian-speaking population of East Central Europe into self-conscious Ukrainians. Wars, mass killings, and forced modernization drives made and re-made Ukraine’s boundaries, institutionalized its national identities, and pruned its population according to various state-sponsored political, racial, and social ideologies. In short, the two world wars, the Holodomor (“extermination by hunger”), and the Holocaust played critical roles in forming today’s Ukraine. A landmark study of the terrifying scope and paradoxical consequences of mass violence in Europe’s bloodlands, Liber’s book will transform our understanding of the entangled histories of Ukraine, the USSR, Germany, and East Central Europe in the twentieth century.
	Twentieth century Russia by Donald W. Treadgold Call #: DK246.T65 1964, 4 of 5 stars. Donald Treadgold was one of the most distinguished Russian historians of his generation. His Twentieth Century Russia, became a standard text in colleges and universities. The collapse of the Russian state and empire was followed by an effort to build a democracy on the Western model. It succumbed within a few months to Lenin’s communist revolution, whose ideas and institutions dominated the history of Russia, and eventually much of the world, during the succeeding seventy-four years. Against the broad background of the Russian experience over a turbulent century, it raises the major questions: What are the prospects for Russian democracy? Why are the communists, following an anti-communist revolution, the most powerful parliamentary party in Russia’s new parliament, and what is their impact? Why has the conversion to a market economy proved so difficult and painful, and what are its prospects? How has Russia related to the new states that were once fellow republics of the USSR? Why has the foreign policy of the new Russian democracy moved from a vision of partnership with the US to a reality of conflict and confrontation? Twentieth Century Russia poses these questions, and many more, for the student and the general reader alike, against the fascinating background of Russia’s experience before, during and since the era of communist rule, exploring the roots of current developments in the communist and pre-communist past.
	Women and genocide: survivors, victims, perpetrators edited by Elissa Bemporad and Joyce W. Warren. Available through EBSCO’s eBook Collection database, requires EBSCO login, 5 of 5 stars, 362 pages “This book is a must, not only for classes on gender and sexuality, war and genocide, and feminist studies, but also approachable for anyone interested in war, genocide, or gender as it explores an uncommon, yet crucial, aspect of genocide.” — Tejpaul Singh Bainiwal ― Religious Studies Review

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Fiction

	Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy Call #: PG3366.A6 1992, 4.2 stars, 1389 pages In nineteenth-century Russia, the wife of an important government official loses her family and social status when she chooses the love of Count Vronsky over a passionless marriage.
	The bronze horseman: a novel by Paullina Simons Call #: PS3569.I48763 B7 2001 , 4.5 of 5 stars, 810 pages. Called “a Russian Thorn Birds,” The Bronze Horseman by Paullina Simons is a sweeping saga of love and war that has been a monumental bestseller all over the world. The acclaimed author of Tully, Simons has written a stirring tale of devotion, passion, secrets, betray, and sacrifice. “A love story both tender and fierce” (Publishers Weekly)that “Recalls Dr. Zhivago” (People Magazine), The Bronze Horseman is rich and vivid historical fiction at its finest. The golden skies, the translucent twilight, the white nights, all hold the promise of youth, of love, of eternal renewal. The war has not yet touched this city of fallen grandeur, or the lives of two sisters, Tatiana and Dasha Metanova, who share a single room in a cramped apartment with their brother and parents. Their world is turned upside down when Hitler’s armies attack Russia and begin their unstoppable blitz to Leningrad. Yet there is light in the darkness. Tatiana meets Alexander, a brave young officer in the Red Army. Strong and self-confident, yet guarding a mysterious and troubled past, he is drawn to Tatiana—and she to him. Starvation, desperation, and fear soon grip their city during the terrible winter of the merciless German siege. Tatiana and Alexander’s impossible love threatens to tear the Metanova family apart and expose the dangerous secret Alexander so carefully protects—a secret as devastating as the war itself—as the lovers are swept up in the brutal tides that will change the world and their lives forever.
	Cherry Orchard by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov Call #: PG3456.V5 L36 1996, 4.3 of 5 stars, 101 pages. “The Cherry Orchard” was the last play written by Anton Chekhov and is widely regarded as one of his greatest dramatic accomplishments. It is the story of an aristocratic Russian woman and her family who return to their estate, a cherry orchard, to oversee the auction of the estate in order to pay the mortgage. The rise of the middle class and the decline of the aristocracy that was prevalent at the end of the 20th century in Russia, and ultimately led to the Socialistic Revolution, are excellently portrayed in Chekhov’s “The Cherry Orchard”.
	The death of Ivan Ilyich by Leo Tolstoy Call #: PG3365.S64.5 of 5 stars, 134 pages. One of the world’s most famous writers, Leo Tolstoy, is probably best known for his epic romantic works “Anna Karenina” and “War and Peace”. In addition to being the author of some of the greatest novels ever written, Tolstoy was also a prolific short-story writer. One of the finest examples of Tolstoy’s shorter narratives is “The Death of Ivan Ilyich”, which Tolstoy wrote later in his life. “The Death of Ivan Ilyich” is a tale revolving around a man in his 40s who has spent his entire life climbing the social ladder in Russia. Barely tolerant of his wife and generally indifferent to the other people around him, Ivan has a minor accident hanging curtains in a new apartment that proves to be a terminal injury. As his life slowly and painfully spirals inexorably toward death, Ivan struggles immensely against what he perceives to be an unfair fate. Only in the end does he see how he might have lived differently and authentically.
	The image of Chekhov by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov Call #: PG3456.A13 P395 of 5 stars, 345 pages. Forty of the nineteenth century Russian author’s short stories in the order in which they were written, which reflect his development as a writer.
	The mitten: an old Ukrainian folktale by Alvin R Tresselt Call #: CC PZ8.1.T7 Mi 1989, 4.5 out of 5 stars, 30 pages A Ukrainian folk tale about a little boy’s lost mitten that stretches and stretches and stretches to provide shelter for many woodland creatures.
	The Summer Garden book #3 of The Bronze Horseman series by Paullina Simons Call #: PS3569.I48763 S86 2011 4.5 of 5 stars, 752 pages. The Magnificent Conclusion to the Timeless Epic Saga Through years of war and devastation, Tatiana and Alexander suffered the worst the twentieth century had to offer. Miraculously reunited in America, they now have a beautiful son, Anthony, the gift of a love strong enough to survive the most terrible upheavals. Though they are still young, the ordeals they endured have changed them—and after living apart in a world laid waste, they must now find a way to live together in postwar America. With the Cold War rising, dark forces at work in their adopted country threaten their lives, their family, and their hard-won peace. To regain the happiness they once knew, to wash away the lingering pain of the past, two lovers grown distant must somehow forge a new life . . .or watch the ghosts of their yesterdays destroy their firstborn son. The Summer Garden . . . their odyssey is just beginning.
	Tatiana and Alexander book #2 of The Bronze Horseman series by Paullina Simons Call #: PS3569.I48763 T37 2005 4.6 of 5 stars, 559 pages. The epic saga of love and war continues—the heart-stopping sequel to Paullina Simons’s beloved international bestseller The Bronze Horseman. Tatiana is eighteen years old, pregnant, and widowed when she escapes war-torn Leningrad to find a new life in America. But the ghosts of her past do not rest easily. She becomes consumed by the belief that her husband, Red Army officer Alexander Belov, is still alive and needs her desperately. Meanwhile, oceans and continents away in the Soviet Union, Alexander barely escapes execution, and is forced to lead a battalion of soldiers considered expendable by the Soviet high command. Yet Alexander is determined to take his men through the ruins of Europe in one last desperate bid to escape Stalin’s death machine and somehow find his way to Tatiana once again.
	We the living by Ayn Rand Call #: PS3535.A547 W4 1996 4.7 of 5 stars, 528 pages. First published in 1936, We the Living portrays the impact of the Russian Revolution on three human beings who demand the right to live their own lives and pursue their own happiness. It tells of a young woman’s passionate love, held like a fortress against the corrupting evil of a totalitarian state. We the Living is not a story of politics, but of the men and women who have to struggle for existence behind the Red banners and slogans. It is a picture of what those slogans do to human beings. What happens to the defiant ones? What happens to those who succumb? Against a vivid panorama of political revolution and personal revolt, Ayn Rand shows what the theory of socialism means in practice.